Proteins of Leishmania (Viannia) shawi confer protection associated with Th1 immune response and memory generation

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Leishmania (Viannia) shawi </it>parasite was first characterized in 1989. Recently the protective effects of soluble leishmanial antigen (SLA) from <it>L. (V.) shawi </it>promastigotes were demonstrated using BALB/c mice, the susceptibility model for this parasite. In order to identify protective fractions, SLA was fractionated by reverse phase HPLC and five antigenic fractions were obtained.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>F1 fraction was purified from L. (V.) shawi parasite extract by reverse phase HPLC. BALB/c mice were immunized once a week for two consecutive weeks by subcutaneous routes in the rump, using 25 μg of F1. After 1 and 16 weeks of last immunization, groups were challenged in the footpad with L. (V.) shawi promastigotes. After 2 months, those same mice were sacrificed and parasite burden, cellular and humoral immune responses were evaluated.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The F1 fraction induced a high degree of protection associated with an increase in IFN-γ, a decrease in IL-4, increased cell proliferation and activation of CD8⁺T lymphocytes. Long-term protection was acquired in F1-immunized mice, associated with increased CD4⁺central memory T lymphocytes and activation of both CD4⁺and CD8⁺T cells. In addition, F1-immunized groups showed an increase in IgG2a levels.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The inductor capability of antigens to generate memory lymphocytes that can proliferate and secrete beneficial cytokines upon infection could be an important factor in the development of vaccine candidates against American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis.</p

Oropouche virus detection in saliva and urine

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2020-03-20T18:14:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ValdineteA_Nascimento_etal_IOC_2020.pdf: 1633279 bytes, checksum: 6476856a2fea50dbc68fc042cca925c6 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2020-03-20T18:25:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ValdineteA_Nascimento_etal_IOC_2020.pdf: 1633279 bytes, checksum: 6476856a2fea50dbc68fc042cca925c6 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-20T18:25:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ValdineteA_Nascimento_etal_IOC_2020.pdf: 1633279 bytes, checksum: 6476856a2fea50dbc68fc042cca925c6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane. Manaus, AM, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Amazonas. Manaus, AM, Brasil / Hospital Adventista de Manaus. Manaus, AM, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane. Manaus, AM, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane. Manaus, AM, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia da Interação Patógeno-Hospedeiro. Manaus, AM, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane. Manaus, AM, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia da Interação Patógeno-Hospedeiro. Manaus, AM, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane. Manaus, AM, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade do Estado do Amazonas. Manaus, AM, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane. Manaus, AM, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia da Interação Patógeno-Hospedeiro, Manaus, AM, Brasil.Oropouche virus (OROV) is an arthropod-borne virus of the Peribunyaviridae family, transmitted to humans primarily by Culicoides paraensis. It is one of the main arboviruses infecting humans in Brazil, primarily in the Amazon Region. Here, we report the detection of OROV in the saliva and urine of a patient whose samples were collected five days after the onset of symptoms. Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis further confirmed the results. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the detection of OROV in the saliva and urine of an infected patient. In addition, the results of our study expand the current knowledge pertaining to the natural history of Oropouche fever

Molecular characterisation of the emerging measles virus from Roraima state, Brazil, 2018

Measles is a human infectious disease of global concern that is caused by the measles virus. In this study, we report the complete genome sequencing of one measles virus isolate, genotype D8, that was obtained directly from a urine sample in Boa Vista city, the capital of Roraima state in Brazil. Phylogenetic reconstruction grouped the genome described in this study with that of samples from Australia, South Korea, and Italy. To our knowledge, this is the first complete genome sequence of a wild-type measles virus reported from Latin America. Therefore, the present data strengthen the current knowledge on the molecular epidemiology of measles worldwide

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data