6,6′-Dimeth­oxy-2,2′-[(E,E′)-(4-chloro-m-phenyl­ene)bis­(nitrilo­methyl­idyne)]diphenol

The title compound, C22H19ClN2O4, has the appearance of a warped butterfly. One 2-hydr­oxy-3-methoxy­benzyl­idene­amino fragment is planar [with a maximum deviation of 0.056 (3) Å] and forms a dihedral angle of 9.85 (9)° with the central benzene ring. The other fragment is not planar; however, the methoxy­phenol group is planar [with the maximum deviation of 0.033 (2) Å] and makes a dihedral angle of 41.7 (3)° with the central benzene ring. The mol­ecule is stabilized by intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bonding. The crystal structure is stabilized by weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding and C—H⋯π inter­actions

Degradation of Organic Matter Using A Submerged Micro Bubble Diffuser in Biological Wastewater Treatment System

In most biological wastewater treatment systems, aeration is provided using millimeter diffusers of various sizes. The aeration is to provide mixing as well as oxygen for the microorganisms in the degradation of organic matter. In this study, the effectiveness of using micro diffusers in the degradation of organic matter was evaluated. Two reactors A and B, of size 140x140x500 mm were constructed using perspex to treat municipal wastewater. Aeration in the reactors A and B was provided using millimeter diffuser and micro diffuser, respectively. The diffusers consist of perforated aluminium plate to generate millimeter bubbles and sintered porous glass to generate micro bubbles. Compressed air was forced through two parallel flow meters at flow rate of 2.5 L/min. Biomass for both reactors were acclimatized prior to treating the municipal wastewater in the reactors. Two batch experiments were conducted at 26°C for the estimation of the kinetic parameters for the degradation of organic matter. Samples were evaluated for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) for both reactors at at approximately 1 hour, 3 hours, and every 6 hours respectively, until 48 hours, for each batch of experiment. From the results of the study, it was found for the micro and millimeter diffusers, the degradation kinetic parameter kCOD was found to be 0.041 and 0.028, repectively for COD and ksCOD to be 0.060 and 0.044, respectively for sCOD. On average, micro and millimeters diffusers removed COD at approximately 87% and 81%, respectively, and removed sCOD at approximately 91% and 75%, respectively. It can be concluded that the use of micro diffuser can provide higher degradation of organic matter. Keywords: Micro air bubbles, COD, sCOD, DO, kinetics evaluatio

Role of Knowledge, Subjective Norms, Perceived Behavior Control, and Attitudes in Predict Pro-Environmental Behavior

Background: One of the public universities as the green campus that prioritizes reforestation to overcome environmental issues. All stakeholders including students are expected to behave pro-environmentally. This study aimed to explain whether or not there is an influence of knowledge, subjective norm, perceived behavior control, and attitude towards pro-environmental behavior (plastic waste) for university students. Methods: This research was conducted under a quantitative approach with 5 valid and reliable variables. In addition, regression tests and structural equation models are used. The respondents of this study were 399 university students from all faculties of Hasanuddin University. Results: Perceived Behavior Control has the greatest effect on pro-environmental behavior compared to other variables. However, environmental knowledge has the smallest effect on subjective norms, perceived behavior control, and attitude. Conclusion: All variables affect predict pro-environmental behavior

Penggunaan Sensor Fotodetektor untuk Pengukuran Kandungan Gula di dalam Larutan Nira Tebu

Tebu merupakan salah satu tanaman penghasil gula. Kualitas gula yang dihasilkan sangat dipengaruhi oleh bahan baku utamanya yaitu nira tebu, sehingga diperlukan pengukuran kandungan nira pada tebu. Pada penelitian ini, dibuat alat ukur kandungan gula pada nira tebu yang terintegrasi dengan sistem PC. Selain nira tebu, digunakan larutan gula sebagai objek penelitian lainnya. Alat ukur yang dibuat memanfaatkan prinsip penjalaran sinar ketika melewati objek penelitian. Sumber sinar yang digunakan adalah RGB bright LED, fiber optic sebagai medium perambatan sinar, fotodioda BPW 34 sebagai fotodetektor, modul Arduino UNO sebagai modul mikrokontroler, dan refraktometer digital untuk mendapatkan data pembanding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alat ukur sudah bisa terintegrasi dengan sistem PC. Penelitian pada larutan gula menunjukkan bahwa sinar kuning mampu memberikan Perubahan tegangan keluaran sistem sensor yang paling besar setiap variasi konsentrasi larutan, dan didapatkan kurva kalibrasi untuk penelitian pada nira tebu selanjutnya. Penelitian pada nira tebu menunjukkan bahwa masih ada perbedaan hasil pengukuran kandungan gula dari fotodetektor terhadap refraktometer digital

Pembangunan Jiwa Kewirausahaan dalam Kepemimpinan Pendidikan Berbasis Agama, Filsafat, Psikologi dan Sosiologi

This study aims to describe and analyze what, why, and how the development of an entrepreneurial spirit in leadership based on religion, philosophy, psychology, and sociology. In this study it was found that the development of an entrepreneurial spirit in educational leadership is the maximum effort of educational leaders to develop entrepreneurial talent for educational stakeholders which by: (1) based on religion means being guided by God's teachings which command humans to have noble entrepreneurial spirits, by scattering on earth, seeking sustenance. lawful, and remembering Allah; (2) based on philosophy means being guided by knowledge and inquiry with reason that requires material fulfillment, which is built with causality, complexity, and realistic thinking; (3) based on psychology means guided by functional psychology, by entrepreneurial practice, entrepreneurial awareness, and observation of entrepreneurial behavior; and (4) based on sociology means being guided by social science that requires independence, by independent investment, not dependence on foreign investmen

Studi Kelayakan Ekonomi Pengembangan Aplikasi Peminjaman Ruangan di Universitas Pertamina

Waste are serious environmental issues in Indonesia. To minimize waste, there have been efforts by companies to reduce the amount of paper used. For example, in Universitas Pertamina there has been idea to make a new application-based system to rent a room, replacing the old system that still produce waste such as paper and ink bottle. Before making the application, there should be an economic feasibility study to determine whether this application can be made from economy aspects. To conduct this study, quantitative method was used, as well interview and literature studies to gather data. From that, the estimation of cost for existing room renting system is Rp98.609.423,30. Meanwhile, the estimation of cost needed to make an application for room renting system is Rp15,254,680.00 and the cost to run the system is Rp48.840.856,30. From data collected above, it says that payback period from the development of the application is less than a year, so the development of application of room renting is feasible in the economical aspect

Efektifitas Probiotik Lactobacillus Casei Dan Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Sebagai Pengganti Antibiotic Growth Promoter Terhadap Total Kolesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein Dan High Density Lipoprotein Ayam Broiler

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas probiotik Lactobacillus casei dan Lactobacillus rhamnosus sebagai pengganti Antibiotic Growth Promoter (AGP) terhadap total kolesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) dan High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) pada ayam pedaging. Ayam broiler sebanyak 18 ekor day old chick diacak kedalam enam perlakuan (P0, P1, P2, P3, P4 dan P5) setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 3 ulangan, yakni (P0) 100% pakan basal, (P1) pakan basal+0.01 gram AGP/kg pakan, (P2) pakan basal+probiotik 0.05 gram/kg pakan, (P3) pakan basal+probiotik 0.1 gram/kg pakan, (P4) pakan basal+probiotik 0.025 gram/liter air minum, (P5) pakan basal+probiotik 0.05 gram/liter air minum. Data di analisis menggunakan uji Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) dilanjutkan uji Duncan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian probiotik berbeda nyata (p<0.05) dengan pemberian AGP. Pemberian probiotik L. casei dan L. rhamnosus dengan dosis 0.05 gram/kg pakan, 0.01 gram/kg pakan, 0.025 gram/liter air minum dan 0.05 gram/liter air minum sebagai pengganti AGP dapat menurunkan total Kolesterol dan LDL serta meningkatkan kadar HDL pada ayam broiler. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan probiotik pada pakan dan air minum dapat menurunkan total kolesterol dan LDL serta menaikkan kadar HDL pada ayam broiler