Myelin basic protein profile of central nervous system in experimentally induced demyelination and remyelination

Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess myelin basic protein (MBP) profiles of central nervous system in experimentally induced demyelination and remyelination

Effects of exposure to electromagnetic field (1.8/0.9 GHz) on testicular function and structure in growing rats

The aim of our study was to evaluate the possible effects of whole-body electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure on reproduction in growing male rats. Male albino Wistar rats (2 days old) were exposed to EMF 1800 and 900 MHz for 2 h continuously per day for 90 days. Sham control was kept under similar conditions except that the field was not applied for the same period. After blood samples were collected, the animals were sacrificed 24 h after the last exposure and the tissues of interest were harvested. The mean plasma total testosterone showed similarity among the two study groups and was significantly higher than the sham control rats. The percentage of epididymal sperm motility was significantly higher in the 1800 MHz group (P < 0.05). The morphologically normal spermatozoa rates were higher and the tail abnormality and total percentage abnormalities were lower in the 900 MHz group (P < 0.05). Histopathologic parameters in the 1800 MHz group were significantly higher (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the present study indicated that exposure to electromagnetic wave caused an increase in testosterone level, epididymal sperm motility (forward), and normal sperm morphology of rats. As a consequences, 1800 and 900 MHz EMF could be considered to be a cause of precocious puberty in growing rats. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Ki67 expression in the cerebellum of dogs with distemper

As the canine distemper virus (CDV) induces demyelination in the central nervous system, partially due to losses of glial cells, the aim of the present study was to determine the Ki67 immunoreactivity in demyelinated regions from cerebellum of dogs with acute and chronic CDV infection. Cerebella from naturally infected dogs (n = 12) were routinely processed for histopathology and the observed lesions were conventionally classified as acute (n = 6) or chronic (n = 6) cases. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed in parallel for detecting the CDV antigen using a mouse anti-CDV monoclonal antibody and for evaluating the proliferation index using a rabbit anti-Ki67 polyclonal antibody. Histological and immunohistochemical findings were compared to healthy cerebellum controls (n = 6). Contrary to controls, cerebella from infected dogs exhibited demyelinated areas, often moderate to severe, in which the viral presence was confirmed. Regarding the demyelination percentage, no significant difference was found between acute and chronic cases. The glial Ki67 proliferation indexes were roughly similar in the 2 groups of infected dogs and were markedly higher than in controls whereas the mean Ki67 immunopositive glial cell counts were dramatically increased in chronically infected dogs compared to the controls or to the acutely affected dogs. These results show that the glial cell proliferation progresses with the same intensity in both acute and chronic cases, although the total number of Ki67 positive cells is higher in chronically infected dogs, suggesting that compensatory mechanisms for counteracting demyelination

The olive leaf extract attenuates bacterial translocation and liver damage in obstructive jaundice

Objectives: The olive leaf extract (OLext) is known to possess many biological properties including a powerful antioxidant. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of postoperative nutrition with OLext and glutamine on bacterial translocation (BT) and liver damage in obstructive jaundice

Insulinoma with regional lymph node metastasis in a dog

In this case, a female boxer dog, 6-year-old, with tonic-clonic convulsions and hind-limb paresis was evaluated. The serum insulin and serum glucose levels were 58 mu U/ml and 5 mg/dl, respectively. In spite of all care, the comatose dog died. At necropsy, one well-circumscribed white-grayish mass, 4x3x2 cm, was found at the caudal edge of right lobe of the pancreas. Subcortical malacic areas in reddish color was seen in the brain. Microscopically, the tumoral mass consisted of neoplastic cells with round shape, basophilic nucleous and granular eosinophilic cytoplasm. In addition to these findings, metastasis to the regional lymph node of the pancreas was observed. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells from both primary and metastatic tissues showed immunoreactivity to monoclonal mouse anti-insulin antibody. Clinically, histologically and immunohistochemically, functional insulinoma with lymph node metastasis was diagnosed in the present case

Nesidioblastosis in a Simmental Calf

A 2-day-old Simmental calf with arthrogryposis and astasia was subjected to necropsy examination. The calf was normoglycaemic and normoinsulinaemic. Microscopically, pancreatic tissue was hyperplastic with an irregular lobular arrangement of pancreatic islets. Newly-formed islet cells budded from intralobular or inter-calated ducts (so-called ductulo-insular complexes) and there were prominent blood vessels with telangiectatic features surrounded by rows of cuboidal-columnar islet cells. The newly-formed islets expressed insulin antigen immunohistochemically. The lesion was diagnosed as nesidioblastosis, an uncommon abnormality previously associated with the double muscling trait in cattle. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Is It Really Necessary to Delay Intranasal Steroid Treatment after FESS? An Animal Study

Objectives. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of early intranasal steroid administration on wound healing after sinus surgery

Aortic Body Cell Tumor with Kidney Metastasis in a Dog

In this case, a male Terrier dog, 14-year-old evaluated with a history of cardiac arrhythmias, coughing, rhinorrhagia and exercise intolerance for six mounths. The dog was died upon worsening of clinical signs. At necropsy, two masses of various sizes were observed in the heart-base region. Microscopically, cells from masses were atypic and polyhedral with eosinophilic-granular cytoplasm and basophilic nucleus with round to oval shape. The neoplastic cells were divided into lobules by connective tissue forming nests. In addition to these findings, metastasis to the left kidney was observed. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells from both primary and metastatic tissues showed immunoreactivity to monoclonal mouse anti-neuron specific enolase antibody but were negative for cytokeratin, vimentin, chromogranin A, a smooth muscle actin and S-100. Based on the clinical, histological and immunohistochemical findings, malignant aortic body tumor with left kidney metastasis was diagnosed in the present case

Immunohistochemical detection of autophagy-related microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) in the cerebellums of dogs naturally infected with canine distemper virus

We investigated the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) protein in the cerebellums of dogs infected with canine distemper virus (CDV) using immunohistochemistry to detect autophagy. The cerebellums of 20 dogs infected with CDV were used. Specimens showing demyelination of white matter were considered to have an acute infection, whereas specimens showing signs of severe perivascular cuffing and demyelination of white matter were classified as having chronic CDV. Cerebellar sections were immunostained with CDV and LC3 antibodies. The cytoplasm of Purkinje cells, granular layer cells, motor neurons in large cerebellar ganglia and some neurons in white matter were positive for the LC3 antibody in both the control and CDV-infected dogs. In the infected cerebellums, however, white matter was immunostained more intensely, particularly the neurons and gemistocytic astrocytes in the demyelinated areas, compared to controls. Autophagy also was demonstrated in CDV-positive cells using double immunofluorescence staining. Our findings indicate that increased autophagy in the cerebellum of dogs naturally infected with CDV may play a role in transferring the virus from cell to cell

Aromatase expression in the cerebellum of the dog infected with canine distemper virus

Aromatase is the enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of estrogens. It is implicated in neuroprotection. The present study investigated aromatase expression in the cerebellum of dogs infected with canine distemper virus (CDV), a disease characterized by demyelination in the white matter of the cerebellum. The presence of CDV infection was confirmed on the basis of histopathology and immunohistochemical localization of CDV antigen in glial cells of the white matter. The number of aromatase immunoreactive astrocytes were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in CDV-infected dogs compared to control dogs. The results suggest that astrocytes respond to invasion and persistence of CDV by means of increased estrogen production. The results also suggest that the high level of estrogen expression is maintained similarly throughout all stages of the disease since the number of aromatase immunoreactive astrocytes did not vary during the different stages of CDV infection