Early phases of different types of isolated neutron star

Two Galactic isolated strong X-ray pulsars seem to be in the densest environments compared to other types of Galactic pulsar. X-ray pulsar J1846-0258 can be in an early phase of anomalous X-ray pulsars and soft gamma repeaters if its average braking index is ~1.8-2.0. X-ray pulsar J1811-1925 must have a very large average braking index (n~11) if this pulsar was formed by SN 386AD. This X-ray pulsar can be in an early phase of evolution of the radio pulsars located in the region P~50-150 ms and \.{P}~10$^{-14}-10^{-16}$ s/s of the P-\.{P} diagram. X-ray/radio pulsar J0540-69 seems to be evolving in the direction to the dim isolated thermal neutron star region on the P-\.{P} diagram. Possible progenitors of different types of neutron star are also discussed.Comment: to appear in the International Journal of Modern Physics

Trihalomethane hydrolysis in drinking water at elevated temperatures

a b s t r a c t Hydrolysis could contribute to the loss of trihalomethanes (THMs) in the drinking water at elevated temperatures. This study was aimed at investigating THM hydrolysis pertaining to the storage of hot boiled water in enclosed containers. The water pH value was in the range of 6.1e8.2 and the water temperature was varied from 65 to 95 C. The effects of halide ions, natural organic matter, and drinking water matrix were investigated. Results showed that the hydrolysis rates declined in the order following CHBrCl 2 > CHBr 2 Cl > CHBr 3 > CHCl 3 . THM hydrolysis was primarily through the alkaline pathway, except for CHCl 3 in water at relatively low pH value. The activation energies for the alkaline hydrolysis of CHCl 3 , CHBrCl 2 , CHBr 2 Cl and CHBr 3 were 109, 113, 115 and 116 kJ/mol, respectively. No hydrolysis intermediates could accumulate in the water. The natural organic matter, and probably other constituents, in drinking water could substantially decrease THM hydrolysis rates by more than 50%. When a drinking water was at 90 C or above, the first order rate constants for THM hydrolysis were in the magnitude of 10 À2 -10 À1 1/h. When the boiled real tap water was stored in an enclosed container, THMs continued increasing during the first few hours and then kept decreasing later on due to the competition between hydrolysis and further formation. The removal of THMs, especially brominated THMs, by hydrolysis would greatly reduce one's exposure to disinfection by-products by consuming the boiled water stored in enclosed containers. © 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Introduction Chemical disinfection acts as the cornerstone unit operation of water treatment processes that secure drinking water safety w a t e r r e s e a r c h 7 8 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 1 8 e2 7 http://d

SPSS sav file

The current data was gathered in my MA studies regarding the burnout levels and reasons of English language teachers working in state and private schools

SPSS sav file

The current data was gathered in my MA studies regarding the burnout levels and reasons of English language teachers working in state and private schools

Hazardous waste management in Turkey: current legislative requirements and future challenges

Turkey being a candidate country to European Union (EU) is in need of achieving approximation with EU Environmental Acquis including the Hazardous Waste Management. Alignment with the Waste Framework Directive (2006/12/EC) is already accomplished and the Hazardous Waste Directive (HWD) (91/689/EEC) has been almost fully transposed into National Legislation. Yet, there are still some discrepancies regarding the provisions needed for the EU's reporting requirements. This study aims at providing a detailed description of the information requested by reporting requirements in EU Hazardous Waste Legislation related to the implementation of the HWD in Turkey. Firstly, a comparison of the EU and Turkish hazardous waste legislations is done and discrepancies in Turkish Hazardous Waste legislations are identified. Then, the current state of implementation tools of the transposed reporting requirements is evaluated. Finally, a roadmap for the full and precise transposition and implementation of EU's Hazardous Waste Management Acquis is developed