Irregular Migration : A case study of Italy

One of the concerns of the current study is to analyse empirically and theoretically the economic and political causes of irregular migration to Italy in order to proceed with the critical estimation of the national, international and partly supranational migration policies. Since several theories will be applied during the study it will enable me to fully describe the phenomena of the irregular migration and modern enslavement of the irregular immigrants on Italian territory. I will disregard the fact that each theory is criticised on the grounds of being too concentrated on a few aspects of the phenomena and lacking the focus on all of its aspects due to the fact that the joint use of several theories provides a broader outlook. However, one crucial critique will be taken into closer consideration. Thus, the closer study of the phenomenon of modern slavery, strongly interconnected with the irregularity of migration, the duality of the Italian economy and the restrictive migration policies will bring together both the political and economic approaches to migration, whose split appears as the central critique for a great number of IR theories.12 In the normative part of the study I will focus on the critical analysis of the criminal status of the irregular immigrants assigned to them by the Italian migration policies and the Schengen Treaty of the EU in order to prove that instead of a criminal status, a victim status should be given to all immigrants, regardless of whether they were trafficked into Italian territory or crossed the border on their own free will. Additionally, in the normative part of the thesis I will compare and analyse scholars’ previous findings related to the possible amendments to the existing policies and propose my own conclusions and suggestions of how the laws, policies and governmental focuses “ought to be” changed

Stating Diagnosis of Current State of Electric Furnace Transformer on the Basis of Analysis of Partial Discharges

The article is dedicated to research of the technical state of a furnace transformer. The study was conducted on the basis of statistical processing of continuously measured parameters of partial discharges (PD). The authors characterize the causes of PD occurrence and their impact on the insulation condition. The article provides information on the on-line monitoring system applied at high-voltage transformers of superpowered arc steel-melting furnaces and ladle furnaces at metallurgical plants. The system implements (among other methods) the method of diagnosing the insulation state by means of mathematical processing of PD parameters. Continuously measured values are apparent charge and the parameter called partial discharge intensity (PDI) characterizing the power and intensity of PD. The authors studied the parameter trends and conducted the statistical processing of the measurements results. In addition, the authors give the rationale for the application of the parameter “reciprocal stochastic connection force” between the PD amplitude and PDI as a generalized criterion of the insulation state and failure localization. The article compares trends of power and PD amplitude at various transformer technical states (before and after unscheduled repair). The authors confirm the possibility to diagnose emerging defects by comparing the correlation factors of these dependences. An example of defect occurrence and its location is provided. As a result, the authors manage to prove the efficiency of the proposed method of analysis of the high-voltage transformer state. This research has produced an integrated approach that enables on-the-go technical diagnosis, fault localization, and accident prevention. The key product of this research is a transformer diagnosis method based on processing the data of online PD monitoring. To that end, the proposed method uses statistical toolkits available for a PC. The areas for further prospective research are outlined. The authors also give recommendations on a more extensive application of the developed method