Single-strand conformation polymorphism-based genetic characterization of the cyclospora cayetanensis strains collected from different provinces in turkey

Introduction and objective. Cyclospora cayetanensis, a coccidian protozoan species, has been recently found to cause diarrhea in all age groups in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals in most regions of the world. This study aimed to conduct the molecular detection of C. cayetanensis and to determine the genetic diversity of the 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequence of C. cayetanensis isolated from individuals living in different provinces in Turkey by using PCR–single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Materials and method. A total of 22 subjects were included in the study. Fourteen of the subjects were female and eight were male, with ages ranging between 7–65 years. Stool specimens were examined using wet mount and modified acid-fast staining methods, which revealed the presence of oocysts in the samples. The 18S rRNA ITS-1 Ccits37f-GCTTGCTATGTTTTAGCATGTGG and Ccits501r-GCACAATGAATGCACACACA gene regions were used as primers. The PCR products were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis and visualized on a UV transilluminator. For the SSCP, the PCR products were denatured with formamide, run for 16 h in 6% (49:1) polyacrylamide gel, and then imaged with silver staining. Results. SSCP assay was performed given that the DNA strands demonstrated different folds; the DNA strands contain different nucleotides based on the PCR-SSCP results for the Cyclospora strains collected in 4 provinces. Moreover, 3 different band profiles were observed in the investigated samples. A slight mutation difference was observed among the strains collected. Conclusions. Further comprehensive studies involving more C. cayetanensis-positive specimens and utilizing different mutation screening methods are warranted to demonstrate mutation differences in Cyclopora strains in Turkey. © 2021, Institute of Agricultural Medicine. All rights reserved

Investigation of In Vitro Amoebicidal Activities of Trachystemon orientalis on Acanthamoeba castellanii Cysts and Trophozoites

INTRODUCTION: Acanthamoeba species cause important diseases such as Acanthamoeba keratitis, granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and cutaneous acanthamoebiasis. In this study, we investigated the amoebicidal action of methanol and ringer extracts of Trachystemon orientalis plant on cyst and trophozoite forms of Acanthamoeba castellanii by evaluating cell viability percentage and IC50 values. METHODS: The in vitro amoebicidal effects of T. orientalis methanol and ringer extracts prepared at different concentrations on A. castellanii trophozoites and cysts were investigated. RESULTS: The IC50 value of A. castellanii trophozoite form at 72nd, 48th, 24th, 8th, 6th, 3rd and 1st hours were 4, 7.2, 8.7, 11.1, 14.1, 21.4, and 23.8 mg/mL with methanol extract of T. orientalis, respectively, and 8.5, 11.1, 14.4, 15.9, 20.9, 23.9 and 25.8 mg/mL, with ringer extract of T. orientalis respectively. T. orientalis 80 mg/mL methanol extract showed lethal effect for the all trophozoites at 72nd hour. The viability (%) of the ringer extract of T. orientalis at 72nd hour was 1.6 +- 0.3. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Methanolic extract of T. orientalis was found to be more effective than ringer extract on Acanthamoeba trophozoites. A. castellanii cysts showed similar sensitivity to methanolic and ringer extracts of T. orientalis. Both extracts showed greater amoebicidal activity on trophozoites when compared to cysts. Whether the concentrations explored in the existing study are cytotoxic for mammalian cells, or have toxic effects on experimental animals should be examined with future in vivo studies. Furthermore, the mechanism of action for the active substances responsible for biological activity should be investigated in future studies

Frequency of intestinal parasites in employees of a state hospital

Objectives: The prevalence of intestinal parasites isdifferent in our country and the world. Population move-ments, inadequate infrastructure, seasonal features, tra-ditional hygienic rules, the society’s socio-economic sta-tus and education level are factors that affect the distribu-tion of intestinal parasites. In the study, it was intendedto conduct porter analysis on Malatya State Hospital em-ployees. So, we aimed at determining the rate of intestinalparasites in the laboratory workers, kitchen staff, cleanersand nurses.Materials and Methods: From Malatya State hospitalstaff, perianal area materials and stool samples with cel-lophane tape method were collected. Examples wereexamined with native-Lugol, precipitation, and acid-fasttrichrome stains.Results: In 40.8% of 76 stools that were examined wasfound to positivity. The prevalences of parasites are 17.1Entamoeba coli, 6.6% Iodamoeba butschlii, 19.7% Blastocystishominis, 1.3% Chilomastix mesnilii, 5.3% Giardiaintestinalis and 1.3% Enterobius vermicularis.Conclusion: In the study, the studied staffs are healthworkers. Therefore, since the staffs working close contactwith patients were risk group in terms of infections, it wasrecommended that health staff susceptible to parasitesshould have a medical examination regularly and receivein-service training

Subcorneal pustular dermatosis: an atypical case report

Subkorneal püstüler dermatoz; tekrarlayıcı özellikteki püstüler erüpsiyonlar ve histopatolojik olarak çok sayıda nötrofil içeren subkorneal yerleşimli püstüller ile karakterize, seyrek görülen kronik bir dermatozdur. Nedeni bilinmeyen hastalık; özellikle karın, aksilla ve kasıklarda yerleşen, bilateral ve simetrik, annüler veya serpiginöz plaklar ile seyreder. Bu yazıda; karakteristik histopatolojik bulgular gösteren ve bir yıldır yayılım göstermeden tek bir plak ile seyreden 54 yaşında erkek s olgusu, atipik klinik özellikler izlenmesi nedeni ile, 100 mg/gün dapson sağaltımı sonuçları ile birlikte sunulmuştur.Subcorneal pustular dermatosis is an uncommon and chronic disease with unknown etiology, characterized by recurrent pustular eruption and subcorneal pustules that contain abundant neutrophils histopathologically. Annular or serpiginous plaques are observed symmetrically with a predilection of axilla, abdomen and groins. We describe a 54-year old male patient with an atypical solitary non-spreading plaque, showing characteristic features of subcorneal pustular dermatosis histopathologically and present the results of 100 mg/d dapson treatment

First Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Case Identified in Ordu Province

Bu makalede Ordu ilinde altı aydır iyileşmeyen yarası nedeniyle Tıp Fakültesi Dermatoloji Polikliniği’ne başvuran kutanöz leishmaniasis (KL) olgusunun sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Tıp Fakültesi Dermatoloji Polikliniği’ne yüz bölgesinde uzun süreli lezyonla başvuran hastanın anamnezi alındıktan sonra parazitoloji laboratuvarında leishmaniasis şüpheli yaranın kenarından ince iğne aspirasyon yöntemi ile örnek hazırlanmıştır. Yayma örneği giemsa ile boyandıktan sonra mikroskobik incelemede amastigotların görülmesi ile KL tanısı konulmuştur. Kültürde üreme gözlenmemiş, kültür ve yayma örneklerinden parazit DNA’sının saptanması ve tür ayrımı için moleküler analizi yapılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda olgumuzdaki etkenin L.infantum olduğu tespit edildi. Hasta haftada bir kez intralezyoner meglumin antimonate ile 10 hafta süre tedavi edilmiştir. Tedavi sonrası hastanın lezyonu tamamen düzelmiştir. Ulaşılan kaynak bilgilerinde Ordu ilinde KL olgusunun bildirildiği bir literatüre rastlanılmamıştır. Çalışma Ordu ilinde ilk olgu sunumu olması nedeniyle parazitin ülkemizde endemik olmayan yörelerde de görülebileceğine dikkat çekmek ve bu yönüyle hekimlerde farkındalık yaratmak amacıyla sunulmuştur. Bu doğrultuda Ordu ili ve çevresinde de uzun süreli geçmeyen yaralar KL açısından değerlendirilmelidir.This paper aims to present a cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) case who attended the Medical Faculty Dermatology Clinic in Ordu province due to a wound that had not healed in six months. After the Medical Faculty Dermatology clinic obtained anamnesis from the patient with a long-term lesion in the facial region, a sample was prepared with fine needle aspiration from the edge of the wound for the parasitology laboratory due to suspected leishmaniasis. After the smear was stained with giemsa, amastigotes were observed during microscopic investigation and diagnosis was confirmed. No growth was observed in culture, with molecular analysis performed for identification of parasite DNA and species differentiation in culture and smears. As a result of the analysis it was found that the agent was L.infantum. the patient was treated with intralesionary meglumine antimoniate once per week for 10 weeks. After treatment the patient’s lesion fully healed. Accessible literature information did not encounter any study reporting a CL case in Ordu province. As the study is the first case report from Ordu province, it is presented to attract attention to the fact that the parasite may be observed in non-endemic regions in our country and to create awareness among clinicians. in line with this, wounds that do not heal for a long time in Ordu province and surroundings should be assessed for CL