Investigation of Serum NO, ADMA and Apelin Levels in Thyroid Dysfunction

Thyroid gland diseases are among the most common endocrine diseases and still continue to be an important health problem especially in developing countries. It was aimed to investigate serum NO, ADMA and Apelin levels in patients with thyroid dysfunction. This study was conducted with 150 thyroid patients and 50 healthy subjects. Study subjects were divided into three groups; control (n=50), hyperthyroid ( n=75) and hypothyroid (n=75). Serum TSH, FT3, FT4   levels  were  measured  by  chemiluminescence  method  NO  level  were  measured  by spectrophotometric method, ADMA and apelin levels were measured by ELISA. Serum NO levels were higher in hypothyroid group than in hyperthyroid group, and the difference was statistically significant. Serum ADMA levels of the hyperthyroid group were significantly higher than the other two groups and the difference was statistically significant. The levels  of  serum  apelin  were  statistically significantly higher in the hyperthyroid group than the other two groups. In patients with hyperthyroidism, ADMA and Apelin levels were higher, while NO level was lower. However, NO level was higher in patients with hypothyroidims than the other two groups. Apelin, which has been emphasized  as  a  preventive  and  therapeutic  agent  particularly  for  the cardiovascular system, might have increased in hyperthyroid patients, regardless of NO, to protect cardiovascular system from possible adverse effects of ADMA. Keywords: Asymmetric dimethylarginine, apelin, nitric oxide, thyroid dysfunction DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/67-03 Publication date:August 31st 202

Serum apelin and ADMA levels in type 2 diabetics with and without vascular complications

Aims: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic and chronic disease which is characterized by hyperglycemia, and that is the major causes of various micro and macrovascular complications. Asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA), formed by the hydrolysis of proteins containing methylated arginine residues, is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which oxidize L-arginine to citruline and nitric oxide (NO), related to hyperinsulinaemia and hyperlipidaemia. Apelin is a recently discovered peptide, present in a number of tissues and play role in insulin sensitivity improvement. In this study, our aim was to determine the levels of apelin and ADMA with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in type 2 diabetic patients with or without vascular complications. Methods: This study included (a total of) 59 diabetic patients. Of the patients, 30 were diabetic with complications, and 29 without complications. In serum samples obtained from the patients, serum ADMA and apelin levels were measured with Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Results: Our study totally enrolled 59 patients in two groups. No significant differences were found in sex, age, HbA1c and glucose levels among groups. Apelin and ADMA levels of group with complications were lower than those of group without complications, but no statistically significant difference of apelin and ADMA levels (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study have been showed no statistically significant relationship present between ADMA-apelin levels and complications of T2DM. Further studies involving larger patients populations and healthy controls should be done to clarify the pathogenetic significance of apelin and ADMA in diabetic vascular complications. (C) 2016 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved