Assesment of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in the Pediatric Emergency Department

Introduction:Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is an important emergency problem that can occur at any age in childhood and requires urgent treatment for the underlying cause. Etiological causes of gastrointestinal bleeding vary by age and geographic region. In this study; we aimed to investigate the demographic characteristics, etiological causes, endoscopic intervention results, and the relationship between analgesic/antipyretic drug use and bleeding in patients admitted to the pediatric emergency department with upper gastrointestinal bleeding.Methods:The records of patients aged 1 month to 18 years who presented to our pediatric emergency department with upper gastrointestinal bleeding between January 2017 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic features, complaints at admission, etiological reasons, endoscopy findings, diagnoses, and antipyretic/analgesic drug use were recorded.Results:There were 108 patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and 53.7% of the patients were male. The mean age was 76.7±58.3 months. Hematemesis was present in 100 patients. Symptoms of the patients; vomiting was present in 82.4%, upper respiratory tract infection in 36.1%, fever in 29.6%, and abdominal pain in 25.9%. There were 52 patients with a history of antipyretic and/or analgesic drug use. An endoscopic examination was performed in 74 patients. In patients who underwent endoscopic examination; pathological changes were detected in 26 of 32 patients who used drugs and 30 of 42 patients who did not use drugs.Conclusion:In patients presenting to the pediatric emergency department with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, the bleeding is usually acute and self-limiting, but requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Approximately half of the patients in our study had a history of antipyretic/analgesic drug use in etiology. When the endoscopic findings of drug users and non-users were compared, no statistically significant difference was observed in terms of pathological findings

The Effect of Intramuscular Onusetron Treatment on Prognosis in Patients Diagnosed with Acute Gastroenteritis

Introduction:Vomiting is an important symptom that limits oral intake and may result in hospitalizations and prolonged hospital stays for intravenous fluid therapy. In our study, we aimed to compare the rates of hospital revisit and hospitalization due to vomiting within seven days of admission in children with acute gastroenteritis in two groups who received and did not receive intramuscular ondansetron.Methods:Files of patients aged 6 months-15 years (without dehydration) diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis (ICD A09) in our pediatric emergency clinic between December 2015-February 2016 (non-ondansetron period) and December 2019-February 2020 (intramuscular ondansetron period) were analyzed retrospectively. The patients included in the study were evaluated in two groups, the first group receiving a single dose of intramuscular ondansetron and the second group not receiving ondansetron treatment. Our primary aim was to determine the rates of readmission and hospitalization in the first 7 days of both groupsResults:It was determined that 21% of the patients who received ondansetron and 28% of the group who did not receive ondansetron were admitted to the emergency department due to vomiting in the first 7 days. In comparison of both groups, 5% of group I patients and 13% of group II patients needed intravenous fluids (odds ratio =0.3; 95% confidence interval =0.19-0.59) at repeated admission and required hospitalization in the emergency department.Conclusion:Intramuscular ondansetron treatment reduces the rate of hospital readmission, hospitalization and intravenous fluid requirement during re-admission in children with acute gastroenteritis with vomiting

Covid-19 Vaccine Acceptance Among Parents: Are They Willing to Vaccinate Their Children?

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the willingness of parents to allow their children to receive a COVID-19 vaccine and the factors affecting the decision. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a prospective, cross-sectional and descriptive survey study. A survey consisting of questions about the COVID-19 vaccination was conducted with parents. Results: The study included 592 parents, 180 (30.4%) male, and the mean age was 34.14±7.42 years. There were 257 (43.4%) parents would vaccinate their children. A high level of education of parents (p=0.022), a high monthly income of the family (p=0.006), and male gender (p=0.002) were associated with high willingness to vaccinate their children. Two hundred twenty two parents stated that their decision may change depending on whether the vaccine is of domestic or foreign origin, and 215 (96.85%) of them stated that they would prefer domestic vaccines. The most frequent reasons for vaccine hesitancy or refusal to their children were: fear of possible side effects and it being a foreign vaccine. Conclusion: The hesitancy or refusal of parents to vaccinate their children with the COVID-19 vaccine is high. Public health authorities should inform the public about the importance of vaccination and domestic vaccine production should be encouraged

Atypical Papular Purpuric Eruption Induced by Parvovirus B19 Infection

Parvovirus B19 infection’s most common dermatological manifestation is erythema infectiosum as also known the fifth disease. Rare clinical presentations of parvovirus B 19 like papulopurpuric gloves and socks syndrome and acropetechial syndrome has also been described re­cently. This study presents report of a case with atypical feature and distribution of rash due to parvovirus B19 in­fection. We want to emphasize that pediatricians should consider parvovirus B19 infection of any patient who has leukopenia presenting with petechial/purpuric eruption of an unclear origin

Effect of Cup Feeding and Bottle Feeding on Breastfeeding in Late Preterm Infants

Background: Cup feeding has been used as an alternative feeding method for preterm infants

The Effect of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning on Platelet Volume in Children

Introduction: Carbon monoxide poisoning is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality. There is increasing evidence supporting the important role of mean platelet volume (MPV) as a marker of hypoxia and inflammation. In this study, we aimed to determine changes in MPV values in pediatric patients with carbon monoxide poisoning. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated children who were diagnosed with carbon monoxide poisoning in our hospital between January 2005 and 2014.\ud Results: We included 228 children with carbon monoxide poisoning (49% male) in this retrospective, controlled study. The mean age of the patients was 88±56 months. Control group consisted of 200 age-matched healthy children. There was no statistically significant difference in MPV levels between the study and control groups (8.43±1.1 fL and 8.26±0.7 fL, respectively). No correlation of MPV and platelet count with carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) was found. Conclusion: In our study, it was determined that MPV value was not a helpful parameter for predicting the diagnosis of acute carbon monoxide poisoning in childhood. The difference between the MPV values and the lack of significance and the absence of correlation between MPV value and COHb level led to the fact that MPV was not a guide indicating the clinical severity of the condition

Effect of Cup Feeding and Bottle Feeding on Breastfeeding in Late Preterm Infants: A Randomized Controlled Study

Background: Cup feeding has been used as an alternative feeding method for preterm infants