9,576 research outputs found
Agricultural diversification in India and role of urbanization
Indian agriculture is diversifying during the last two decades towards High-Value Commodities (HVCs) i.e., fruits, vegetables, milk, meat, and fish products. The pace has been accelerated during the decade of 1990s. HVCs account for a large share in the total value of agricultural production. Supply and demand side factors coupled with infrastructural development and innovative institutions drive these changes. In this paper, the focus is on diversification towards HVCs in the context of urbanization. Group of urban districts (districts with >1.5 million urban population) have a higher share of HVCs compared to the urban-surrounded (near urban districts) and other districts (districts in the hinterland). Among the HVCs, vegetables and meat products have a higher share in urban districts compared to the other two groups. Milk production is more widespread due to excellent network of co-operatives and infrastructure facilities. Using GIS (geographic Information System) approach it was found that urban-surrounded districts with better road network connection to urban centers have been able to diversify towards HVC's to meet the demand in the urban centers. Model results further confirm these findings. Thus, urbanization is a strong demand side driver promoting HVCs. Since urban population is growing at more than 3% per annum, demand for HVCs will drive their production. The analysis has also brought out regional variations in HVCs across different districts in the country that has implications on regional development and planning, and consequently on public and private sector investment strategies.
Ultrafast laser inscribed waveguide lattice in glass for direct observation of transverse localization of light
Self emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS): a review
Self-emulsifying drug delivery system is mixture of oils, surfactant, cosurfactant, which are emulsified in aqueous media under condition of gentle stirring and digestive motility that would be encountered in the gastrointestinal tract. SEDDS is one of the approaches to improve the oral bioavailability of the hydrophobic drugs. The liquid SEDDS can be converted into solid dosage form without affecting drug release property. Due to its small size the micro/nano emulsified drug can easily be absorbed through lymphatic pathways thereby bypassing the hepatic first-pass effect. The main benefit of this approach is that pre-dissolving the compound overcomes the initial rate limiting step of particulate dissolution in the aqueous environment within the GI tract. Self-emulsification occurs when entropy changes that favor dispersion is greater than the energy required to increase the surface area of the dispersion
Mid-infrared spectral broadening in an ultrafast laser inscribed gallium lanthanum sulphide waveguide
Nonlinear DC-response in Composites: a Percolative Study
The DC-response, namely the - and - charateristics, of a variety
of composite materials are in general found to be nonlinear. We attempt to
understand the generic nature of the response charactersistics and study the
peculiarities associated with them. Our approach is based on a simple and
minimal model bond percolative network. We do simulate the resistor network
with appropritate linear and nonlinear bonds and obtain macroscopic nonlinear
response characteristics. We discuss the associated physics. An effective
medium approximation (EMA) of the corresponding resistor network is also given.Comment: Text written in RevTEX, 15 pages (20 postscript figures included),
submitted to Phys. Rev. E. Some minor corrections made in the text, corrected
one reference, the format changed (from 32 pages preprint to 15 pages
Thin-shell wormholes in dilaton gravity
In this work we construct charged thin-shell Lorentzian wormholes in dilaton
gravity. The exotic matter required for the construction is localized in the
shell and the energy conditions are satisfied outside the shell. The total
amount of exotic matter is calculated and its dependence with the parameters of
the model is analysed.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure; v2: shortened and improved. Accepted for
publication in Physical Review
Evolving wormhole geometries
We present here analytical solutions of General Relativity that describe
evolving wormholes with a non-constant redshift function. We show that the
matter that threads these wormholes is not necessarily exotic. Finally, we
investigate some issues concerning WEC violation and human traversability in
these time-dependent geometries.Comment: 12 pages latex, 3 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D., Title
correcte
Anisotropic Null String Cosmologies
We study string propagation in an anisotropic, cosmological background. We
solve the equations of motion and the constraints by performing a perturbative
expansion of the string coordinates in powers of c^2, the world-sheet speed of
light. To zeroth order the string is approximated by a tensionless string
(since c is proportional to the string tension T). We obtain exact, analytical
expressions for the zeroth and the first order solutions and we discuss some
cosmological implications.Comment: 9 pages, plain Te
Exact solutions in two-dimensional string cosmology with back reaction
We present analytic cosmological solutions in a model of two-dimensional
dilaton gravity with back reaction. One of these solutions exhibits a graceful
exit from the inflationary to the FRW phase and is nonsingular everywhere. A
duality related second solution is found to exist only in the ``pre-big-bang''
epoch and is singular at . In either case back reaction is shown to
play a crucial role in determining the specific nature of these geometries.Comment: Shortened slightly, references added, to appear in Physical Review D
(Rapid Communications). 16 pages, RevTex, 3 PostScript figure
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