New fungal sources for α-L-Rhamnosidase: an important enzyme used in the synthesis of drugs and drug precursors

Two fungal strains were isolated and tentatively identified as Penicillium VY and Aspergillus VY. All the isolated species show the maximum production on third day in a liquid culture media. The pH optimum was found to be 10.0 for Penicillium VY and 11.0 for Aspergillus VY. The temperature optima were 50ºC in both the cases. The enzyme produced by Penicillium VY was found to be stable in the pH range 3.0-7.0 and 3.0–6.0 in case of Aspergillus VY. The enzyme does not loose activity up to 40º C in case of Penicillium VY and 40ºC in case of Aspergillus VY if exposed for 1 h.
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Anti-Oxidant potential of Herbal formulation (Sahaj Vati) Modulating Leptin, Insulin activity

Obesity increased at alarming rate considered as serious health risks and World Health Organization wish to halt rise of obesity. Therefore, search for treatment, dietary interventions is necessary to attenuate and/or prevent the obesity. Sahaj Vati was prepared by Shilajeet, Curcuma longa, Plumbago zeylanica, Commiphora mukul and might be reduces obesity. Twenty four albino rats were randomized into four equal groups were selected as control, positive control, as standard (orlistate) and Sahaj Vati treated group, respectively. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) was administered at dose of 10 mg/kg body weight for 10 days and Sahaj Vati & orlistate was administered orally at dose of 200 and 10 mg/kg body weight respectively for four week. After four week, body weight of animals, serum leptin, insulin, total oxidant, total antioxidant and oxidative stress index were estimated. It was observed that body weight was significantly increased by MSG whereas body weight, was significantly decreased by orlistat and Sahaj Vati. Sahaj Vati significantly increased insulin concentration, total anti-oxidant status and decreased total oxidant status & oxidative stress and significantly decreased leptin concentration.  Thus, Sahaj Vati decreases body weight by modulating leptin & insulin concentration as well as total oxidant status, total anti-oxidant status & oxidative stress.

Quality control measure of Jeeva Rasa Avaleha: a male sexual stimulant

In spite of numerous Vajeekarana formulations being available in the market, the prevalence erectile dysfunction is increasing irrespective of race or economic status. The aim of the present study was to measure the quality control parameters of Jeeva Rasa Avaleha used as male sexual stimulant. It was prepared by using seven drugs, namely Shuddha Hingula, Shuddha Shilajatu, with powders of roots of five herbs viz., Aakarakarabha, Ashwagandha, Shweta Mushali, Shatavari and tuber of Vidarikanda. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of JRA such as reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar, fat content, water soluble extractive, pH, thin layer chromatography (TLC) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were performed. It was observed that 9.8% moisture content and 15.12% water-soluble extractive were in JRA, respectively. EDX and AAS study showed that formulation had heavy metals within permissible limit except mercury which is an ingredient of JRA. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis of JRA indicates safety of formulation and therefore it may be prescribed for the treatment of erectile dysfunction

Oxidative stress and anti-obesity approach in behavior of COVID-19: A Review

Chronic low grade inflammation and oxidative stress is major pathological process that takes part in obesity and it restrict ventilation, impairs immune responses. Oxidative stress may be liable for the alveolar harm, thrombosis and RBC dysregulation and leptin  might be the connection high pervasiveness as a comorbidity of the SARS-CoV-2 contamination. In current situation, obesity with hyper leptin, is a perceived hazard factor for clinical results of SARS-CoV-2. Conventional spices from assorted topographical areas and different territories are considered as likely wellsprings of new medications for treatment of viral contaminations. Spices like Curcuma longa Shilajeet Commiphora mukul and Plumbago zeylanica independently and alongside its mix is useful in decrease of  oxidative stress as well as leptin concentration. Thus we can assume might be useful in avoidance of corpulence and seriousness of SARS-CoV-2 contaminatio

Purification of lignin peroxidase from <i>Hexagona tenuis</i> MTCC-1119 and its kinetic properties in aqueous medium containing miscible organic solvents

489-494 Lignin peroxidase from culture filtrate of a new lignolytic fungal strain Hexagona tenuis MTCC-1119 has been purified to homogeneity using a simple procedure. The molecular wt. of the enzyme has been found to be 48 kDa using SDS-PAGE analysis. The enzymatic characteristics like Km, pH and temperature optima of the enzyme using veratryl alcohol, n-propanol and H2O2 as substrate has been determined. The Km values have been found to be 70μM, 80μM and 530μM for veratryl alcohol, H2O2 and n-propanol respectively. The pH and temperature optima were 3 and 30°C respectively. The enzyme retains 50% of its activity in 10% of the water miscible organic solvents acetone, dioxane, diethyl ether, acetonitrile and dimethyl formamide in aqueous medium. The inhibition of the enzyme by acetone has been found to be reversible and uncompetitive with inhibition constant KI values 2.72 mM, 2.96 mM and 0.34 mM using veratryl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide and n-propanol as the substrates respectively. </smarttagtype

Coal Depolymerising Activity and Haloperoxidase Activity of Mn Peroxidase from Fomes durissimus MTCC-1173

Mn peroxidase has been purified to homogeneity from the culture filtrate of a new fungal strain Fomes durissimus MTCC-1173 using concentration by ultrafiltration and anion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme has been found to be 42.0 kDa using SDS-PAGE analysis. The values using MnSO4 and H2O2 as the variable substrates in 50 mM lactic acid-sodium lactate buffer pH 4.5 at 30∘C were 59 μM and 32 μM, respectively. The catalytic rate constants using MnSO4 and H2O2 were 22.4 s−1 and 14.0 s−1, respectively, giving the values of cat/ 0.38 μM−1s−1 and 0.44 μM−1s−1, respectively. The pH and temperature optima of the Mn peroxidase were 4 and 26∘C, respectively. The purified MnP depolymerises humic acid in presence of H2O2. The purified Mn peroxidase exhibits haloperoxidase activity at low pH

Dose finding study of <em>Sahaj Vati</em> (comprised of <em>Shilajeet, Haridra, Guggul</em> and <em>Chitrak</em>) in validated animal model of obesity

376-380Efficacy of Sahaj Vati containing Shilajeet, Guggul, Haridra and Chitrak has been evaluated at dose of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight after screening the appropriate diet induced obesity model (monosodium glutamate and cafeteria diet induced). It has been observed that both monosodium glutamate and cafeteria diet increases body weight but cafeteria diet also causes dyslipidemia. At the dose of 400 mg/kg, body weight of animal was significantly decreased with increased total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides and insignificant decrease of body weight occurs at dose of 100 mg/kg along with increased triglycerides. At the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight was significantly decreased along with the significant increase of high-density lipoprotein and insignificant decrease in very low-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides. On the basis of present finding we conclude that monosodium glutamate is more suitable for induction of obesity whereas cafeteria diet for obesity associated with dyslipidemia and Sahaj Vati at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight is more appropriate for reduction of body weight