Educational Effect of Externalization of Know-how Information for Care Planning Processes

Non

Development of catecholamine and cortisol stress responses in zebrafish.

Both adrenal catecholamines and steroids are known to be involved in the stress response, immune function, blood pressure and energy homeostasis. The response to stress is characterized by the activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic-adrenomedullary system, though the correlation with activation and development is not well understood. We evaluated the stress response of both cortisol and catecholamines during development in zebrafish. Zebrafish at two different stages of development were stressed in one of two different ways and cortisol and catecholamine were measured. Cortisol was measured by enzyme immune assay and catecholamine was measured by ELISA. Our results show that stress responses are delayed until after the synthesis of both cortisol and catecholamines. These observations suggest that the development of HPA axis may be required for the acquisition of the stress response for cortisol and catecholamines

A Preliminary Examination of Effect of Massage and Aroma Oil Massage in Foot Care Nursing

AbstractFoot care nursing is attracting attention as a medically effective treatment for the foot lesions caused by such problems as diabetes or aging. In this study, we experimentally examined how aromatherapy affects human brain functions during foot care nursing using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). 11 subjects received both foot care nursing massages and aroma oil massages. We analyzed the changes in their oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) concentrations based on their brain activity by t-tests, and the t-test results showed significant differences between two kinds of massages in both the somatosensory and prefrontal association areas. The oxy-Hb concentration in both massages with and without aroma oil also showed a tendency to decrease with time. Our questionnaire results showed that our subjects felt more comfortable and relaxed while receiving foot care nursing with aroma oils. These results suggest that aroma oil massages are an effective foot care nursing tool and that foot care nursing is a medically effective treatment

Evidence for exchange interaction between donor and acceptor layers in β'-(BEDT-TTF)(TCNQ)

We assessed the infrared-absorption spectra and 13C-NMR measurements in a layered organic salt, β'-(BEDT-TTF)(TCNQ), which exhibits antiferromagnetic transitions at 20 and 3 K. The former originates from the spin in the bis-(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene (BEDT-TTF) layers, while the latter originates from the localized spin in the tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) layers. Using infrared-absorption spectroscopy, we estimated the degree of charge transfer, ρ, between BEDT-TTF and TCNQ as 0.5. Using 13C-NMR spectroscopy, we observed an exchange field at the BEDT-TTF site, which is produced by the localized spins of TCNQ dimers. Using the obtained value of ρ and the molecular arrangement of β'-(BEDT-TTF)(TCNQ), which is similar to that of the highest Tc organic superconductor, β'-(BEDT-TTF)_[2]ICl_[2], we concluded that the absence of the pressure-induced superconductivity in β'-(BEDT-TTF)(TCNQ) results from the presence of this exchange field. The exchange interaction, J, and the exchange field, H_[ex], were estimated as -12 K and -19 T/μB on the TCNQ dimer unit, respectively. These findings suggest that superconductivity may arise in β'-(BEDT-TTF)(TCNQ) by the application of an external field of 19 T under high pressure