PEMANFAATAN MODEL KELAS SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPS UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN KARAKTER DAN KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 74 KOTA BENGKULU

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Mengembangkan model kelas sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran IPS, (2) Mengembangkan karakter siswa melalui pemanfaatan model kelas sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran IPS, (3) Mengembangkan kecerdasan emosional siswa melalui pemanfaatan model kelas sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran IPS, dan (4) Meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif siswa melalui pemanfaatan model kelas sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran IPS. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan secara kolaboratif antara 2 orang dosen PGSD, 2 orang guru SD, da 5 orang mahasiswa PGSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Pengembangan model kelas sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran IPS dilakukan melalui empat tahap yaitu : orientasi, elaborasi dan interpretasi, aplikasi ide dan evaluasi, (2) Pemanfaatan model kelas sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran IPS dapat mengembangkan karakter siswa, (3) Pemanfaatan model kelas sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran IPS dapat mengembangkan kecerdasan emosional siswa, dan (4) Pemanfaatan model kelas sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran IPS dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif siswa. Saran yang disampaikan yakni : (1) Guru dan calon guru diharapkan memanfaatkan model kelas dalam pembelajaran IPS, dan (2) Kepala sekolah diharapkan mendorong guru untuk selalu menerapkan pembelajaran dengan memanfaatkan model kelas

Work–family conflict and self-rated health among Japanese workers: How household income modifies associations

<div><p>To examine associations between work–family conflict and self-rated health among Japanese workers and to determine whether the associations differed by household income. Data was derived from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation in Saku area in 2011–2012 (7,663 men and 7,070 women). Multivariate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for poor self-rated health by work–family conflict consisting of two dimensions (work-to-family and family-to-work conflicts) were calculated by gender and household income. Multivariate ORs of high work-to-family and family-to-work conflicts for poor self-rated health were 2.46 (95% CI; 2.04–2.97) for men and 3.54 (95% CI; 2.92–4.30) for women, with reference to the low work-to-family and family-to-work conflicts (<i>p</i>-value for gender interaction = 0.02). Subgroup analysis indicated that health effects of work–family conflict were likely to be more evident in the low income group only among women. Work–family conflict was associated with poor self-rated health among middle-aged Japanese men and women; its health impact was relatively stronger among women, and particularly economically disadvantaged women.</p></div

Changes in the living arrangement and risk of stroke in Japan; does it matter who lives in the household? Who among the family matters?

<div><p>Previous studies have suggested associations of family composition with morbidity and mortality; however, the evidence of associations with risk of stroke is limited. We sought to examine the impact of changes in the household composition on risk of stroke and its types in Japanese population. Cox proportional hazard modelling was used to assess the risk of incident stroke and stroke types within a cohort of 77,001 Japanese men and women aged 45–74 years who experienced addition and/or loss of family members [spouse, child(ren), parent(s) and others] to their households over a five years interval (between 1990–1993 and 1995–1998). During 1,043,446 person-years of the follow-up for 35,247 men and 41,758 women, a total of 3,858 cases of incident stroke (1485 hemorrhagic and 2373 ischemic) were documented. When compared with a stable family composition, losing at least one family member was associated with 11–15% increased risk of stroke in women and men; hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.11 (1.01–1.22) and 1.15 (1.05–1.26), respectively. The increased risk was associated with the loss of a spouse, and was evident for ischemic stroke in men and hemorrhagic stroke in women. The addition of any family members to the household was not associated with risk of stroke in men, whereas the addition of a parent (s) to the household was associated with increased risk in women: 1.49 (1.09–2.28). When the loss of a spouse was accompanied by the addition of other family members to the household, the increased risk of stroke disappeared in men: 1.18 (0.85–1.63), but exacerbated in women: 1.58 (1.19–2.10). In conclusion, men who have lost family members, specifically a spouse have higher risk of ischemic stroke, and women who gained family members; specifically a parent (s) had the higher risk of hemorrhagic stroke than those with a stable family composition.</p></div

Adjusted Hazard Ratios for Incident Stroke According to Losing Specific Categories of Household Members Within 5 Years in Japanese Men and Women.

<p>Adjusted Hazard Ratios for Incident Stroke According to Losing Specific Categories of Household Members Within 5 Years in Japanese Men and Women.</p

Odds ratios (OR) for poor self-rated health associated with work–family conflict, separately by gender.

<p>Odds ratios (OR) for poor self-rated health associated with work–family conflict, separately by gender.</p

Adjusted Hazard Ratios for Incident Stroke According to Changes in the Living Arrangement Within 5 Years in Japanese Men and Women.

<p>Adjusted Hazard Ratios for Incident Stroke According to Changes in the Living Arrangement Within 5 Years in Japanese Men and Women.</p

Adjusted Hazard Ratios for Incident Stroke in the Mixed Losing and Gaining Group According to the Lost Category of Household Members Within 5 Years in Japanese Men and Women.

<p>Adjusted Hazard Ratios for Incident Stroke in the Mixed Losing and Gaining Group According to the Lost Category of Household Members Within 5 Years in Japanese Men and Women.</p

Odds ratios (OR) for poor self-rated health associated with work–family conflict, by household equivalent income.

<p>Odds ratios (OR) for poor self-rated health associated with work–family conflict, by household equivalent income.</p

Sex specific work-family conflict and demographic characteristics according to self-rated health.

<p>Sex specific work-family conflict and demographic characteristics according to self-rated health.</p

Associations of All-Cause Mortality with Census-Based Neighbourhood Deprivation and Population Density in Japan: A Multilevel Survival Analysis

<div><p>Background</p><p>Despite evidence that neighbourhood conditions affect residents' health, no prospective studies of the association between neighbourhood socio-demographic factors and all-cause mortality have been conducted in non-Western societies. Thus, we examined the effects of areal deprivation and population density on all-cause mortality in Japan.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We employed census and survival data from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study, Cohort I (n = 37,455), consisting of middle-aged residents (40 to 59 years at the baseline in 1990) living in four public health centre districts. Data spanned between 1990 and 2010. A multilevel parametric proportional-hazard regression model was applied to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause mortality by two census-based areal variables —areal deprivation index and population density—as well as individualistic variables such as socioeconomic status and various risk factors.</p><p>Results</p><p>We found that areal deprivation and population density had moderate associations with all-cause mortality at the neighbourhood level based on the survival data with 21 years of follow-ups. Even when controlling for individualistic socio-economic status and behavioural factors, the HRs of the two areal factors (using quartile categorical variables) significantly predicted mortality. Further, this analysis indicated an interaction effect of the two factors: areal deprivation prominently affects the health of residents in neighbourhoods with high population density.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>We confirmed that neighbourhood socio-demographic factors are significant predictors of all-cause death in Japanese non-metropolitan settings. Although further study is needed to clarify the cause-effect relationship of this association, the present findings suggest that health promotion policies should consider health disparities between neighbourhoods and possibly direct interventions towards reducing mortality in densely populated and highly deprived neighbourhoods.</p></div