Polyphenolics Screening in Mollungo Nudicaulis using UPLC-ESI-MS and Its Active Compound Kaempferol against SARs CoV2 Receptor

Summarily, total phenolics and flavonoid content of MN 90% ethanolic extract was quantified through spectrophotometrically (50 ± 0.85 and 48.52 mg/kg), Higher flavonoid content plays major role on antioxidant activities, which were evaluated and compared with commercial antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) employing superoxide anion scavenging activity and total reducing power IC50 value results shows 152 and 135 μg/ml respectively. The extracted sample with known quantity (10μg/ml to 200μg/ml) used against E. coli, S. aureus and B. subtilis, MIC results shows 43.2 ± 3, 22 ± 2 and 21 ± 4 μg/ml respectively. The literature survey revealed that so far, no scientific studies carried out on phytochemical identification and confirmation using LC-MS analysis of Mollugo nudicaulis leaves. Hence, in the present study, we focused to evaluate the phytochemical content, docking and antimicrobial ability of Mollugo nudicaulis. In this study, aqueous and methanolic extracts of MN were taken for analysis, methanolic extract exhibited higher antioxidant activities in all the three antioxidant assays performed (ABTS, DPPH and reducing power). The antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts from the leaves and stems of were assessed in various herbal plants in an effort to compare and validate the medicinal potential by quantifying phenolic, flavanoid contents and by antioxidant assays such as DPPH, ABTS and ferric reducing power assays. Our results indicate that presence of significant quantity of total phenolis and flavonoids and antioxidant activity in MN leaves. This makes us to interpret that MN leaves possess promising health beneficial phytochemicals. It is widely accepted that phenolic and flavonoids compounds may significantly contribute to overall antioxidant activities and also to antimicrobial activity. Ok-Hwan Lee and Boo-Yong Lee have purified the phenolic compounds from olive leaves and tested them for antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Methanolic extract of MN leaves showed antibacterial activity against all the four bacterial species tested such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus sp, Streptococcus sp and Entrobacter sp. Similar studies were carried out in Merremia emarginata leaves extracts against S. aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa to test the antibacterial activity. The abovesaid biological properties were significantly attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds of the M. nudicaulis which have been revelaed through LC-MS/MS analysis. Moreover, their activities have been further proved through in-silico molecular docking studies in which major bioactive compounds such as Rutin, Physcion 8-O-glucoside, and Kaempferol 3-O-glucuronide showed effective inhibitory interaction with SARs CoV2 receptor. This altogether suggests that M. nudicaulis can be a potential source of antioxidants and antimicrobial compounds to combat pandemic viruses. CONCLUSION: The maximum yield of phenolics and flavonoids content shows method suitability of flavonoids extraction and quantification. Further, plant extract versus anti-oxidant and its role against SARs Cov2 receptor. Further, the receptor binding possibilities was confirmed using molecular docking study against Kaempferol. results conclude plant extract were act as good anti-oxidant and anti-microbial agent. Based on our findings we conclude that Mollugo nudicaulis have significant amount of total phenolics and flavonoids. Methanolic extract of Mollugo nudicaulis has shown higher in invitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Further work will be carried out to find biologically active compounds purification and structural elucidation through NMR studies

Acceptance of postplacental intrauterine contraceptive device: recent increase in trend

Background: IUCD is a temporary method of contraception in use for many years. Our main objective is to find the acceptance of (postplacental intrauterine contraceptive device) PPIUCD in recent years.Methods: Retrospective Analysis was carried out to collect information regarding IUCD insertion in all women delivered at semi urban based medical college in Tamil Nadu from April 2014 to March 2016.Results: Total women delivered in our hospital were 20949 over a period of two years. Two year comparative study revealed significant increase in acceptance of PPIUCD insertion among primipara from 39.1% TO 68.9%. Acceptance of PPIUCD in primipara was 51.6% in first year (April 2014 to March 2015) to 87.8% in second year (April 2015 to March 2016).Most of the women were in the age group of 20 to 29 years (81.5%).Conclusions: The present study being retrospective analysis showed sudden increase in coverage rate of PPIUCD from 2014-2015 to 2015-2016. Though the patients were motivated in the same way throughout the period, training and motivation given to the staff nurses and duty doctors in the labour ward for PPIUCD insertion and daily review instead of weekly had brought the significant increase in the coverage. This clearly shows the role of service provider in the success of a national program though acceptor is always ready in most of the times

Effect of socio-economic differentials on growth and development of children in five metropolitan cities of India

Background: Children’s growth and development depend on their parents’ socio-economic status. Adequate nutrition of children influence their anthropometric measures proper growth and development and reduces morbidity and mortality among children. Objective: To understand the growth and development pattern of children dwelling in the slum environment and to compare some of their growth parameters with non-slum children. Methods: This was a record review of National Family Health Survey-3 (NFHS-3) data, freely available from Measure DHS USA. Data for five major metropolitan cities, namely, Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, and Hyderabad were used for this study. The households classified as slum and non-slum by two agencies, viz., NFHS and census of India were considered for analysis. Variables more relevant as an indicator for the growth and development of children, viz., height, weight, hemoglobin, standard of living index (SLI), age (in months), and place of residence were selected for this study. Place of residence (slum or non-slum) and SLI, which is proxy to socio-economic status, were considered to understand their influence on height, weight, and hemoglobin values of the children. Results: About 75% of the slum dwellers were in low SLI category, and 69% of non-slum residents were in high SLI category. There is a significant difference (p=0.001) between slum and non-slum residence on the proportions of SLI. Multivariate analysis showed that all the variables significantly differ by SLI except age of the children. Conclusion: It is concluded that the observed difference between slum and non-slum children’s height, weight, and hemoglobin are due to differences in SLI. Growth and development of children dwelling in slum or non-slum area depend on the socio-economic status of their parents and not by their place where they are growing

A Range Query Algorithm to Process KNN Queries in Cloud Computing

In Public Cloud environment, security and data confidentiality is the major problem facing by all the data controller. The service user can take the service from the cloud by getting authorization from the service provider and he can only pay for the service by using the server, for that the service provider lose the control so there may have chances of leaking the information. For that reason the data controller does not want the data to shift to the Cloud. There may have only chance of storing the data is providing the privacy gurantee to the Cloud. The requirement to building privacy is based on CPEL criteria which is confidentiality, privacy, efficiency, low in-house processing cost. By satisfying these requirement will increase the difficulty to store data in the Cloud. In order to eliminate this problem, We are using Random Space Perturbation method for providing the security and efficiency for processing the data. This method is used to building a practical query services in the Cloud. This approach will balance all the requirements by using range query and KNN query services.It provides multifaceted distances , which allows actual listing techniques to increase distances processing. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150311

Fetal kidney length as a parameter for determination of gestational age in pregnancy

Background: Establishing the gestational age of the fetus, especially in late trimester is a challenge to aptly treat the pregnant woman. Ultrasound parameters like BPD, HC, AC & FL in second and third trimesters are not very reliable for dating the pregnancy. Fetal kidney length has been studied and shown to strongly correlate with the gestational age in late trimesters even in IUGR fetuses.Methods: The present study evaluated the role of kidney length in determining the gestation age with the study population of 60 pregnant women between 24 - 36 weeks of gestation whose pregnancies were dated accurately by early dating scan. Length of the nearer kidney was measured in centimeters, 4 weekly in the longitudinal axis along with other biometric indices.Results: According to the observations, the mean deviation from the gestational age at all the weeks is least for KL. The result indicates that the kidney length in the present study correlated well with the assigned gestational age and found almost same as all the ultrasound biometric parameters put together.  Conclusions: Kidney length can be used as an individual parameter in estimating gestational age, especially in later trimesters, where biometric indices may not be much reliable

Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia: A Rare Case Report

Focal epithelial hyperplasia is a rare entity of oral mucosa induced by Human Papilloma virus type 13 and 32. It was described by Estrada in 1956 within a group of Colombian Caramanda Indians. In Latin America it is called Multifocal Papilloma virus induced epithelial hyperplasia. It is common in younger age groups. Generally it is very rare in Asia. Here we report a case of 32 year old male who came with a complaint of burning sensation for past 6 months. The lesion was diagnosed as Focal epithelial hyperplasia according to clinical and Histopathological features. Dental clinicians should be aware of these lesions with a careful clinical and Histopathological observation under definitive diagnosis

High Precision Cohesion Metric

Abstract: -Metrics have been used to measure many attributes of software. For object oriented software, cohesion indicates the level of binding of the class elements. A class with high cohesion is one of the desirable properties of a good object oriented design. A highly cohesive class is less prone to faults and is easy to develop and maintain. Several object oriented cohesion metrics have been proposed in the literature. These metrics have provided a lot of valuable insight into the mechanism of cohesion and how best to capture it. However they do suffer from certain criticisms. In this paper, we propose a new cohesion metric named as High Precision Cohesion Metric (HPCM). HPCM addresses the drawbacks present in the existing cohesion metrics. We introduce two novel concepts -link strength and average attributes used in a class and apply them to arrive at the proposed metric. The metric is presented using the unified cohesion framework to avoid ambiguity. The metric is validated using theoretical approach suggested in the unified framework for cohesion metrics. Empirical validation is also carried out on this metric using data from open source Java projects. The newly proposed High Precision Cohesion Metric overcomes the shortfalls of the earlier proposed cohesion metrics

Methodological Role of Mathematics to Estimate Human Blood Pressure Through Biosensors

This paper presents a non-invasive technique and cuff less method for blood pressure measurement with a hardware prototype implementation. The sophisticated feature called pulse transit time (PTT) is extracted and investigated with a development of a smart system which consists of ECG, PPG sensor to estimate the systolic and diastolic blood pressure with support of advanced signal processing methodologies. The proposed method experiments have been carried out in hospital environment and tested with real time patients to validate the proposed method. The maximum error percentage of the proposed system has been shown to be 5.3% of systolic blood pressure (mmHg) and 4.7% of diastolic blood pressure (mmHg). This system also allows the monitoring of patient hypertension and overcome the limitation of cuff-based hospitalized measurement system

Active Whey Protein Edible Films and Coatings Incorporating Lactobacillus buchneri for Penicillium nordicum Control in Cheese

Fungal contamination of food is responsible for health issues and food waste. In this work, the incorporation of a lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with antifungal properties (Lactobacillus buchneri UTAD104) into whey protein-based films and coatings was tested for the control of an ochratoxigenic fungi (Penicillium nordicum) in a cheese matrix. The incorporation of L. buchneri cells resulted in thicker films with less luminosity than control films and colour alteration. Nevertheless, cells inclusion did not alter moisture content, water vapour permeability, mechanical properties, hydrophobicity and chemical structure of the films. Whey protein films were able to maintain the viability of L. buchneri UTAD104 cells in 105 CFU/mL after 30 days of storage at 25 \textdegreeC. When applied in cheese, films and coatings containing L. buchneri cells prevented fungal contamination for at least 30 days, while control cheeses with films and coatings either without LAB or with Lactobacillus casei UM3 (a strain without antifungal ability) showed fungal contamination during that period. Ochratoxin A was not found in cheeses treated with films and coatings containing L. buchneri UTAD104. Results showed that the inclusion of a LAB with antifungal properties in edible films and coatings can help to reduce or eliminate P. nordicum contamination in cheeses.This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UIDB/04469/2020 unit and BioTecNorte operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004) funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020 - Programa Operacional Regional do Norte. Ana Guimarães received support through grant SFRH/BD/103245/2014 from the Portuguese FCT.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio