Low Cardiorespiratory Fitness is an Independent Predictor of Metabolic Syndrome in Young Korean Adults

Objective: To investigate the relationship between cardio/respiratory fitness (CRF) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in young Korean men. Design: In a cross-sectional study, we examined 909 young Korean men (mean±SD age, 24.0±2 years) who were healthy and not taking any medications affecting blood pressure, glucose, or lipids concentrations. Body fatness, resting blood pressures, and fasting blood levels of lipids, glucose, and insulin were measured with our standardized laboratory protocols. CRF was quantified as the maximum volume of minute oxygen consumption measured during a graded treadmill test. Metabolic syndrome was defined with the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria and a modified cut-off value of waist circumference from the Asia-Pacific Perspective: Redefining Obesity and its Treatment. Results: Group analyses showed significant and inverse dose-response trends between the metabolic syndrome markers and CRF levels such that men with high and moderate CRF levels had more favorable profiles in body fatness, resting blood pressures, mean values in fasting lipids, glucose, and insulin, and homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance than men with low CRF level. After adjusting for several potential confounders such as age, smoking, and body fatness variables, the low and moderate CRF groups had odds of 4.64 (95% CI, 2.00 to 10.79) and 2.57 (95% CI, 1.04 to 6.34) for having metabolic syndrome than the high CRF group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that low CRF is a significant and independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome in young Korean men

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Active Magnetite Nanoparticles Supported on Charcoal for Facile Synthesis of Alkynyl Selenides by C−H Activation

Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles supported on charcoal, graphene, or SBA‐15 were prepared by a simple solid‐state grinding technique and subsequent thermal treatment. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles supported on activated charcoal exhibited high catalytic activity and furnished good yields of the alkynyl selenide product in the cross‐coupling reaction of diphenyl diselenide and alkynes through activation of C−H and Se−Se bonds under ecofriendly conditions, surpassing traditional copper‐based catalysts to effect the same organic transformation.Alkynes of fun: Fe3O4 nanoparticles separately supported on charcoal, graphene, and SBA‐15 are prepared by solid‐state grinding and subsequent thermal treatment. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles supported on activated charcoal exhibit high catalytic activity and furnish good yields of alkynyl selenide products in the cross‐coupling reactions of diphenyl diselenide with alkynes through C−H and Se−Se bond activation under ecofriendly conditions.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/137502/1/cctc201600280-sup-0001-misc_information.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/137502/2/cctc201600280_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/137502/3/cctc201600280.pd

Chapter 1 Introduction

There is an increasing tendency to use the development experience of Asian countries as a reference point for other countries in the Global South. Korea’s condensed urbanization and industrialization, accompanied by the expansion of new cities and industrial complexes across the country, have become one such model, even if the fruits of such development may not have been equitably shared across geographies and generations. The chapters in this book critically reassess the Korean urban development experience from regional policy to new town development, demonstrating how these policy experiences were deeply rooted in Korea’s socioeconomic environment and discussing what can be learned from them when applying them in other developmental context

Conventional Vickers and true instrumented indentation hardness determined by instrumented indentation tests

We evaluate Vickers hardness and true instrumented indentation test (IIT) hardness of 24 metals over a wide range of mechanical properties using just IIT parameters by taking into account the real contact morphology beneath the Vickers indenter. Correlating the conventional Vickers hardness, indentation contact morphology, and IIT parameters for the 24 metals reveals relationships between contact depths and apparent material properties. We report the conventional Vickers and true IIT hardnesses measured only from IIT contact depths; these agree well with directly measured hardnesses within ±6% for Vickers hardness and ±10% for true IIT hardness

The Effects of a Weight Loss Program Focusing on Maternal Education on Childhood Obesity

PurposeChildhood obesity is a matter of great concern because of its negative health and social consequences. We examined the effect of a weight control program focusing on maternal education on childhood obesity, given that the incidence of obesity is greatly affected by parents.MethodsA two-group pre-test/post-test design was used. Participants consisted of 65 obese children and their mothers. The children were fourth- to sixth-grade elementary students who did not currently receive any therapy for weight loss. The children and their mothers were randomly assigned to either an experimental (n = 32) or a control group (n = 33). The 8-week intervention for mothers included one-time group education, three-time phone counseling, and four-time fliers regarding obesity management. Four outcomes (self-control, obesity index, abdominal circumference, and body fat percentage) were measured before and after the intervention. Chi-squared test or t test was used to test homogeneity between the two groups. Analysis of covariance was used to test the intervention effects.ResultsAfter the intervention was completed, the level of self-control was significantly heightened and obesity levels in the other three outcomes were greatly lowered in the experimental group when compared with the control group.ConclusionDue to strong maternal effects on children's weight control, mothers' active participation must be encouraged in order to resolve childhood obesity

STAT1 and Nmi are downstream targets of Ets-1 transcription factor in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell

AbstractEts-1 is a cellular homologue of the product of the viral ets oncogene of the E26 virus, and it functions as a tissue-specific transcription factor. It plays an important role in cell proliferation, differentiation, lymphoid cell development, transformation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. Ets-1 controls the expression of critical genes involved in these processes by binding to ets binding sites present in the transcriptional regulatory regions. Here, we transiently overexpressed Ets-1 in MCF-7 and comprehensively searched for potential downstream targets of Ets-1 by cDNA microarray analysis. The expressions of several interferon-related genes including STAT1 and Nmi were augmented by the overexpression of Ets-1. RT-PCR and Western blotting confirmed the increase in the levels of STAT1 and Nmi mRNA and protein. In contrast, Ets-1 siRNA decreased the expression of STAT1 and Nmi proteins. As in our transient transfection experiments, stable overexpression of Ets-1, also increased the protein expression of STAT1 and Nmi in MCF-7 cells. Taken together, our results indicate that STAT1 and Nmi are downstream targets of Ets-1 in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells