1,660 research outputs found
Observation of a Geometric Hall Effect in a Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensate with a Skyrmion Spin Texture
For a spin-carrying particle moving in a spatially varying magnetic field,
effective electromagnetic forces can arise due to the geometric phase
associated with adiabatic spin rotation of the particle. We report the
observation of a geometric Hall effect in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate
with a skyrmion spin texture. Under translational oscillations of the spin
texture, the condensate resonantly develops a circular motion in a harmonic
trap, demonstrating the existence of an effective Lorentz force. When the
condensate circulates, quantized vortices are nucleated in the boundary region
of the condensate and the vortex number increases over 100 without significant
heating. We attribute the vortex nucleation to the shearing effect of the
effective Lorentz force from the inhomogeneous effective magnetic field.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figure
Determinants Of Enforcement Action By The Financial Supervisory Service Of Korea From The Perspective Of Audit Firms
In this study, we examine the determinants of enforcement action by the Financial Supervisory Service of Korea from the perspective of audit firms. Enforcement action is an indication of audit failure. Both client- and audit firm-specific factors are involved in its occurrence. Most published studies of enforcement after audit failure focus on client characteristics because details about audit firms from financial statements and information about organizational structure are not publicly available. However, examining the issues surrounding enforcement from the perspective of audit firms may also be valuable in elucidating the potential determinants of audit failure resulting in enforcement action. Utilizing publicly available data from audit firms in South Korea, we identify several audit firm characteristics as determinants of enforcement action. The results of our empirical analysis reveal that the likelihood of audit failure is positively associated with the ratio of accounts receivable to total assets, the ratio of audit fees to total revenue, the ratio of partners to the total number of CPAs, CEO ownership, and age of audit firms. In addition, the likelihood of audit failure is negatively associated with ownership concentration and profitability. These associations are more pronounced in non-affiliated audit firms than affiliated audit firms. Several useful implications for regulators are described for improving audit quality by means of enforcement action
Observation and Numerical Prediction of 2011 East Japan Tsunami Inpacific Ocean
Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv
Higher Alpha/Theta Ratio May Indicate Decreased Brain Function in Older Adults during CSPFP10 Compared to Young Adults
Declined physical ability and brain function observed in elder can affect daily living activities and negatively influence the quality of life (QOL). While the extensive research has explored the changes in cortical activity related to motor control in elder, less is known about how the brain functions during a physical function test. PURPOSE: To examine the electrocortical activation in the older adultsâ brain during the Continuous Scale Physical Function Performance-10 (CSPFP-10) compared to young adults. METHODS: Twenty five older adults (OLD; 75.40±7.32 yrs, 70.33±18.23 kg, 162.87±7.55 cm) and twenty five young (YOUNG; 19.88±1.72 yrs, 66.52±14.22 kg, 167.50±10.22 cm) completed CSPFP10 while frontal (F3, Fz, F4), central (C3, Cz, C4), temporal (T7, T8, P7, P8), parietal (P3, Pz P4), and occipital (O1, Oz, O2) regionsâ electrocortical activation was measured using a mobile electroencephalograph (EEG). Spectral power values (ÎŒV2/Hz) for theta (Ξ: 4-8 Hz) and alpha (α: 8-13 Hz) band were averaged across the target electrodes. Then α/Ξ ratio was calculated. Data were analyzed using independent t-test. RESULTS: OLD exhibited significantly higher α/Ξ ratio in frontal (M=0.98 vs.0.95, pp=.02), temporal (M=1.02 vs. 0.98, p=.006) compared to YOUNG. The separated t-test showed YOUNG had higher Ξ and α in frontal (Ξ: M= 40.93 vs. 37.56, pp=.03), central (Ξ: M=39.68 vs. 36.43, pp=.038), and parietal Ξ (M=40.55 vs. 37.98, p=.001) compared to OLD. Pearsonâs correlation analysis did not find any significance between brain function and CSPFP10 scores in both groups. CONCLUSION α/Ξ ratio in OLD showed that their α power was relatively higher than YOUNG. Increased α power indicates suppression/selective cortical processing. It might indicate that OLD had inhibitory cortical activation process during the CSPFP10 task. Decreased frontal and parietal Ξ in OLD may indicate diminished decision making speed and attention with aging, while lower Ξ power in a central region (motor cortex) implies disrupt motor control. Overall, our result may indicate that brain activation patterns become less active during aging. Itâs important to enhance both physical and brain function to improve activities of daily living and QOL in elderly population
Microspinning: Local Surface Mixing via Rotation of Magnetic Microparticles for Efficient Small-Volume Bioassays
The need for high-throughput screening has led to the miniaturization of the reaction volume of the chamber in bioassays. As the reactor gets smaller, surface tension dominates the gravitational or inertial force, and mixing efficiency decreases in small-scale reactions. Because passive mixing by simple diffusion in tens of microliter-scale volumes takes a long time, active mixing is needed. Here, we report an efficient micromixing method using magnetically rotating microparticles with patterned magnetization induced by magnetic nanoparticle chains. Because the microparticles have magnetization patterning due to fabrication with magnetic nanoparticle chains, the microparticles can rotate along the external rotating magnetic field, causing micromixing. We validated the reaction efficiency by comparing this micromixing method with other mixing methods such as simple diffusion and the use of a rocking shaker at various working volumes. This method has the potential to be widely utilized in suspension assay technology as an efficient mixing strategy
Properties of Central Caustics in Planetary Microlensing
To maximize the number of planet detections, current microlensing follow-up
observations are focusing on high-magnification events which have a higher
chance of being perturbed by central caustics. In this paper, we investigate
the properties of central caustics and the perturbations induced by them. We
derive analytic expressions of the location, size, and shape of the central
caustic as a function of the star-planet separation, , and the planet/star
mass ratio, , under the planetary perturbative approximation and compare the
results with those based on numerical computations. While it has been known
that the size of the planetary caustic is \propto \sqrt{q}, we find from this
work that the dependence of the size of the central caustic on is linear,
i.e., \propto q, implying that the central caustic shrinks much more rapidly
with the decrease of compared to the planetary caustic. The central-caustic
size depends also on the star-planet separation. If the size of the caustic is
defined as the separation between the two cusps on the star-planet axis
(horizontal width), we find that the dependence of the central-caustic size on
the separation is \propto (s+1/s). While the size of the central caustic
depends both on and q, its shape defined as the vertical/horizontal width
ratio, R_c, is solely dependent on the planetary separation and we derive an
analytic relation between R_c and s. Due to the smaller size of the central
caustic combined with much more rapid decrease of its size with the decrease of
q, the effect of finite source size on the perturbation induced by the central
caustic is much more severe than the effect on the perturbation induced by the
planetary caustic. Abridged.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, ApJ accepte
Time-resolved pathogenic gene expression analysis of the plant pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae
Virulence of wild-type and mutant Xoo strains on rice. (DOCX 16ĂÂ kb
Comb-rooted multi-channel synthesis of ultra-narrow optical frequencies of few Hz linewidth
We report a multi-channel optical frequency synthesizer developed to generate
extremely stable continuous wave lasers directly out of the optical comb of an
Er-doped fiber oscillator. Being stabilized to a high-finesse cavity with a
fractional frequency stability of at 0.1 s, the comb-rooted
synthesizer produces multiple optical frequencies of ultra-narrow linewidth of
1.0 Hz at 1 s concurrently with an output power of tens of mW per each channel.
Diode-based stimulated emission by injection locking is a key mechanism that
allows comb frequency modes to sprout up with sufficient power amplification
but no loss of original comb frequency stability. Channel frequencies are
individually selectable with a 0.1 GHz increment over the entire comb bandwidth
spanning 4.25 THz around a 1550 nm center wavelength. A series of out-of-loop
test results is discussed to demonstrate that the synthesizer is able to
provide stable optical frequencies with the potential for advancing diverse
ultra-precision applications such as optical clocks comparison, atomic line
spectroscopy, photonic microwaves generation, and coherent optical
telecommunications.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figure
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