7 research outputs found
Plasma levels of apolipoprotein-E in residents of the European North of Russia
Background: Apolipoprotein-E (apoE) is one of the metabolically active apoproteins and plays an important role in
lipid metabolism. However, there are no data on levels of apoE in residents of the North in spite of the fact that
specific features of lipid metabolism in the northerners are described. The present work was designed to study
plasma levels of apoE in residents of the European North of Russia.
Methods: A total of 937 native residents of the European North of Russia (463 men and 474 women) aged 13–60 years
were included in the study. ApoE concentrations in the blood plasma were measured by immunoturbidimetric
method.
Results: Plasma levels of apoE in residents of the European North of Russia were low. ApoE concentrations below
the defined normal values were detected in 57.0% of the men and in 59.2% of the women. The mean plasma
levels of apoE did not significantly differ in men and women (2.80 mg/dl vs 2.87 mg/dl). Plasma apoE
concentrations in residents of the European North of Russia changed with age. Plasma levels of apoE decreased
from 13 to 21 years in men and from 13 to 35 years in women and then increased in both sexes (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The limits of variation of plasma apoE levels in residents of the European North of Russia shift
towards lower values. Plasma levels of apoE below normal values were observed in approximately half of
investigation subjects
Range of values for lipid accumulation product (LAP) in healthy residents of the European north of Russia
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a major health problem in modern society and its prevalence throughout the world has reached the epidemic level. The unfavorable outcomes of obesity are associated with a high risk of numerous diseases due to metabolic disorders. Finding of diagnostic criteria for early detection of obesity is a priority in biomedical research. Therefore, of particular interest is the new visceral obesity marker – lipid accumulation product (LAP). Meanwhile, to date, the reference values for LAP are not defined, and data on sex- and age-related changes are contradictory. AIMS: The aim of this study was to determine the variation range, sex and age differences in LAP values in healthy subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on apparently healthy subjects (455 men and 286 women) aged 20–59 years selected at routine examinations at the base of the central clinic in Arkhangelsk. Examination of subjects consisted of physical examination with measurement of anthropometric and clinical parameters, filling out a questionnaire, and evaluation of serum lipid levels. RESULTS: The LAP values in the subjects varied in a wide range (0.5–156.5 cm×mmol/l in men; 0.4 to 116.2 cm×mmol/l in women), but at the same they in 75% of the participants did not exceed 30 cm×mmol/l. Sex differences in LAP with the prevalence of values in men were observed in the age groups up to 40 years old, later they disappeared. LAP in men and women increased with age, but these changes were unequal. The LAP values increased to reach a plateau in men up to 30 years of age and in women up to 40 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: LAP is a combined index that simultaneously reflects distribution of adipose tissue and changes in blood lipids, and is considered a marker of obesity associated with the risk of metabolic disorders. This study was the first to determine the variation range, sex differences and age dynamics for LAP in the apparently healthy subjects
Concentration of apolipoprotein-E in high-density lipoproteins of human blood plasma
The aim of this study was to determine apolipoprotein (apo) E concentration in the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fractions of normolipidemic subjects. ApoE concentrations in total blood plasma and HDL fractions were measured by an immunoturbidimetric method. We observed that the quantitative distribution of apoE among different lipoprotein classes depends on the total plasma apoE concentration: at low total plasma apoE concentration, a substantial amount of apoE was associated with HDL; an increase in total plasma apoE was accompanied by a more equal distribution of apoE among lipoprotein fractions. The concentration of apoE in the HDL fraction was stable and did not depend on the total plasma apoE concentration. Thus, the preservation of a constant concentration of apoE in HDL due to its redistribution among lipoprotein classes is a priority when total plasma apoE concentrations change. This feature should be considered at diagnosis and for the treatment of lipid disorders
The Apolipoprotein B/Apolipoprotein A-I Ratio as a Potential Marker of Plasma Atherogenicity
Background. The apolipoprotein (apo) B/apoA-I ratio represents the balance between apoB-rich atherogenic particles and apoAI-rich
antiatherogenic particles, and this ratio is considered to be a marker of cardiovascular risk. Although many studies have
demonstrated the importance of the apoB/apoA-I ratio in predicting the presence or absence of cardiovascular disease, less is known
about apoB/apoA-I ratio as a marker of plasma atherogenicity. Methods. A total of 157 normolipidemic men aged 20–59 years were
included in the study. The plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),
apoA-I, apoB, and apoE were determined after a 12 h fasting period. Results. The median of the apoB/apoA-I ratio in the studied
normolipidemic subjects was 0.52, with values ranging from 0.19 to 2.60. The percentage of subjects with the apoB/apoA-I ratio
exceeding 0.9 (the accepted risk value of cardiovascular disease) was 19.1%. The subjects with apoB/apoA-I>0.9 were characterized
by higher TG levels and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and lower values of ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC)
to apoB (LDL-C/apoB) and apoE levels compared with men with apoB/apoA-I<0.9. Conclusion. Despite normolipidemia, the
subjects with the unfavorable apoB/apoA-I ratio had more atherogenic lipid profile
Physicochemical Simulation of the Qualitative and Quantitative Phase Composition of Iron Ores
Предложен способ определения содержания минеральных фаз в железных рудах на
основе математической модели физико-химических процессов их образования, опирающейся
на данные об элементном составе. Полученные результаты сопоставлены с приведенным
в паспортах фазовым составом стандартных образцов и качественным рентгенофазовым
анализом. Железные руды значительно варьируют по фазовому составу, однако разработанный
метод позволяет количественно оценивать содержания рудных минералов, в том числе тех,
которые не удается обнаружить методом рентгенофазового анализа, и может быть использован
для определения фазового состава руд с целью оценки потенциальной промышленной
значимостиA method for mineral phases contents determination in iron ores based on mathematical
simulation of physicochemical processes of ore formation in terms of data on the elemental composition
of ores is proposed. The obtained results were compared with the phase composition of certified
reference materials given in the certificates and results of qualitative analysis using X-ray powder
diffraction method. Iron ores significantly vary in phase composition, however, the developed method
allows quantifying the content of ore minerals, including minerals that cannot be detected by the X-ray
powder diffraction method and can be used to determine the phase composition of ores in order to
assess potential industrial significanc
The atherogenic index (ATH index) as a potential predictive marker of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a case control study
Background
The importance of blood lipids in the pathogenesis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is widely discussed in the literature. However, the published results that hyperlipidaemia causes hearing problems are contradictory. The objective of this study was to establish whether increased lipid levels affect the risk of idiopathic SSNHL.
Methods
A case-controlled study was conducted of 27 patients with idiopathic SSNHL and 24 healthy control subjects. All of the subjects underwent complete audiological examination. The plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apoB and apoE were measured with commercially available kits (Chronolab Systems, Spain). Several clinical ratios and indices of lipid metabolism were calculated.
Results
Detailed analysis of lipid metabolism in patients with idiopathic SSNHL has shown that disturbances in auditory function are associated with increased atherogenicity of the lipid profile. However, there were no significant differences in the conventional parameters of lipid metabolism (TC, TG and HDL-C) between patients with idiopathic SSNHL and subjects in the control group. Higher values of the apoB/apoA-I ratio, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and atherogenic index (ATH index) in patients with SSNHL indicated increased atherogenicity of the lipid profile. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that of these three indices, only higher values of the ATH index were significantly associated with an increased risk of idiopathic SSNHL.
Conclusions
The ATH index can be used as a marker indicating the risk of idiopathic SSNHL when the conventional lipid indices are still normal
The atherogenic index (ATH index) as a potential predictive marker of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a case control study
Abstract Background The importance of blood lipids in the pathogenesis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is widely discussed in the literature. However, the published results that hyperlipidaemia causes hearing problems are contradictory. The objective of this study was to establish whether increased lipid levels affect the risk of idiopathic SSNHL. Methods A case-controlled study was conducted of 27 patients with idiopathic SSNHL and 24 healthy control subjects. All of the subjects underwent complete audiological examination. The plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apoB and apoE were measured with commercially available kits (Chronolab Systems, Spain). Several clinical ratios and indices of lipid metabolism were calculated. Results Detailed analysis of lipid metabolism in patients with idiopathic SSNHL has shown that disturbances in auditory function are associated with increased atherogenicity of the lipid profile. However, there were no significant differences in the conventional parameters of lipid metabolism (TC, TG and HDL-C) between patients with idiopathic SSNHL and subjects in the control group. Higher values of the apoB/apoA-I ratio, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and atherogenic index (ATH index) in patients with SSNHL indicated increased atherogenicity of the lipid profile. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that of these three indices, only higher values of the ATH index were significantly associated with an increased risk of idiopathic SSNHL. Conclusions The ATH index can be used as a marker indicating the risk of idiopathic SSNHL when the conventional lipid indices are still normal