Force Majeure Covid-19 in the Implementation of the Consumer Financing Agreement

The current Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in the fulfilment of consumer financing agreements, where due to the pandemic, the government has imposed large-scale social restrictions that caused some business sectors to be stopped (trying) and resulted in a wave of layoffs and of course. The Covid-19 pandemic is unexpected and uncontrolled of the parties when the agreement was made caused the debtor loss of ability to fulfil its obligations following the consumer financing agreement. This research uses research method with type/type of doctrinal law research approach or normative norm, with statute approach and case approach, using gender data sourced from primary legal material, secondary legal material and tertiary legal material. The research results have analyzed a square. The result of this research is that Covid-19, according to the concept of civil law, can be categorized as force majeure because it has fulfilled the element of force majeure as stipulated in Article 1244 and 1245 of the Civil Code. Therefore, the government establishes the Covid-19 Pandemic as a force majeure state. Keywords: covid-19, consumer financing, force majeur

JAMINAN FIDUSIA SEBAGAI JAMINAN KEBENDAAN YANG MEMBERI HAK MENDAHULU DALAM PEROLEHAN PELUNASAN UTANG

Jaminan  Fidusia  merupakan salah satu jaminan  kebendaan yang  memberi hak kepada  kreditor untuk mengambil pelunasan  utang langsung dari benda jaminan  apabila debitor wanprestasi.  Hak  mengambil  pelunasan tersebut   memberikan  hak mendahulu  kepada   kreditor pemegang jaminan  diantara  para  kreditor lainnya  sebagaimana  ketentuan Pasal  1132 KUHPerdata  jo  Pasa1 1133 dan 1134  KUHPerdata jo  Pasal 1  ayat  (2)  jo  Pasal 27 ayat (1)  dan (2)  Undang  Undang   No. 42  Tahun 1999 tentang  Jaminan  Fidusia. Penelitian  ini  dimaksudkan untuk mengkaji  mengenai kedudukan jaminan  fidusia sebagai jaminan  kebendaan dalam  memperoleh  pelunasan  utang  dan   hak  mendahulu dari Kreditor  dalam  memperoleh pelunasan utang dari benda  jaminan  fidusia. Untuk itu Penelitian dan tulisan ini dibuat dan disusun dengan metode penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan analisis kualitatif dengan  alat  pengumpul data  studi   dokumen untuk  memperoleh data sekunder yang bersumber dari  bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder  dan  tersier terkait  kedudukan  jaminan  fidusia   sebagai jaminan  pelunasan utang.   Kata  Kunci  : Jaminan  Fidusia, hak  mendahulu, utan

Guarantee of Legal Assurance and Justice for the Implementation of Consumer Financing

This study aims to determine how to guarantee legal certainty and justice for the implementation of consumer financing. This study was conducted at the Christian University of Indonesia in 2021 for four months, starting from March – June 2021. The research method used was normative legal research, focusing mainly on fiduciary guarantee legislation and the theory of legislation, justice, and legal certainty. The findings of this study are that if the debtor/consumer of consumer financing is in default, based on Constitutional Court Number 18/PUU-XVII / 2019, creditors of consumer finance companies cannot carry out direct execution of the object of collateral. It must refer to the provisions of Article 15 paragraph (2) of the UUJF, namely through fiat execution as the implementation of court decisions that have permanent legal force

State Responsibility in Legal Protection of Debtors and Creditors Against the Risk of Termination of Agreements

Economic progress has led to an increase in the need for funding, where the funding is obtained through lending and borrowing activities. However, this effort has the risk of default from the debtor, so the creditor requires a fiduciary guarantee. This is also exacerbated by the risk of terminating the agreement due to the fulfillment of the cancellation conditions which poses a risk. This study aims to determine the state's responsibility in legal protection for debtors and creditors against the risk of termination of the agreement. This study used qualitative research methods. The data collection technique in this study was a literature study. The results of the study show that the state's responsibility in legal protection for debtors and creditors against the risk of termination of the agreement by carrying out the legal construction of Indonesian legal policies in providing justice to debtors and creditors from the risk of termination of fiduciary guarantees regulated in Article 11 of Law no. 1999, among others, objects burdened with fiduciary guarantees must be registered, objects burdened with fiduciary guarantees are outside the territory of the Republic of Indonesia, the obligations as referred to in paragraph (1) are still valid and failure to register is the responsibility of the creditor, and the losses incurred are not can be sued against the debtor and the negligence of registration from the creditor cannot be a reason for the forced execution of a fiduciary object. Keywords: Legal Protection, Debtors, Creditors, Termination of Agreemen

Alasan Force Majeure Covid-19 Dalam Pelaksanaan Perjanjian Pembiayaan Konsumen MerujukPutusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No.18/PUU-XVII/2019 Tanggal 6 Januari 2020

A.Nama : HeddyKandou B. NIM : 1902190032 C.Judul : Alasan Force Majeure Covid-19 Dalam Pelaksanaan Perjanjian Pembiayaan Konsumen MerujukPutusan Mahkamah KonstitusiNo.18/PUU-XVII/2019 Tanggal 6Januari2020 D. Katakunci: ForceMajeure,Covid-19,PembiayaanKonsumen PandemiCovid-19saatinimembawa akibatkepadapemenuhanperjanjian pembiayaankonsumen,dimanaakibat pandemipemerintah telahmelakukan pembatasan(PSBB)yang menyebabkanbeberapasektorduia usaha harus terhenti(berusaha)danmengakibatkangelombangPHKdantentunya.Pandemi Covid-19merupakan keadaandiluarperkiraan dandiluarkekuasaanparapihak padasaatperjanjiandibuattelahmenyebabkandebitor/kehilangankemampuan untukmemenuhi kewajibannya sesuai perjanjian pembiayaan konsumen. Rumusanmasalah dalam penelitianiniadalah Apakah pandemiCovid -19 dapatdikatagorikan sebagaiForce Majeure dalam konsep hukum perdata diIndonesia terhadap pemenuhan pelaksanaan perjanjian pembiayankonsumen? dan Bagaimanajaminankepastianhukum dan keadilanterhadappelaksanaanpembiayaankonsumenakibatCovid-19 merujukpada Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusikhususnya terhadap eksekusi jaminan ?penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dengan pendekatan jenis/tipepenelitianhukum doktrinalatau norma normatif,dengan pendekatan penulisan perundang-undangan (statute approach)danpendekatankasus(TheCaseApproach),menggunakan jenis data sekuenderyangbesumberdaribahanhukum primer,bahan hukum sekunderdan bahan hukum tersier,dimana hasilpenelitian dianalisasecara kuaalitatif.Kesimpulan,1)bahwa Covid-19menurut konsep hukum perdata dapatdikatagorikan sebagai force majeur karenatelahmemenuhiunsurforce majeure sebagaimanaketentuan Pasal1244dan1245KUHPerdata;2)jaminankepastianhukum dalam eksekusijaminanfidusiapascaputusanMahkamahKonstitusi Nomor 18/ PUU-XVII/ 2019adalah bahwaeksekusijaminan fidusia harus melaluipelaksanaanputusanpengadilanyangtelahmempunyaikekuatan hukum tetapPasal15ayat(2)UUJF.Saran:1)pemerintahmenetapkan PandemiCovid-19sebagaikeadaanforcemajeure,2)OJK menerbikan aturansanksibagiperusahaanpembiayaankonsumenyangmelakukan pengambilanpaksaobjek jaminan fidusia tanpamelalui ketentuan perjanjianFidusia./ A.Name : HeddyKandou B. NIM : 1902190032 C. Title : Reason Force Majeure Covid-19 In The Implementation of Consumer Financing Agreements Refers to the Decision of the ConstitutionalCourtNo.18/PUU-XVII/2019Dated 6January2020 D. KeyWords :Force Majeure,Covid-19,ConsumerFinancing ThecurrentCovid-19pandemichasresultedinthefulfillmentofconsumer financingagreements,whereduetothepandemicthegovernmenthas imposedrestrictions(PSBB)thatcausedsomebusinesssectorstobe stopped(trying)andresultedinawaveoflayoffsandofcourse.TheCovid- 19pandemicisanunexpectedandoutofthecontrolofthepartiesatthe timetheagreementwasmadehascausedthedebtor/lossofabilityto fulfillitsobligationsinaccordancewiththeconsumerfinancingagreement. Theproblem formulationinthisstudyisCantheCovid-19pandemicbe categorisedasForceMajeureintheconceptofcivillaw inIndonesia againstthe fulfillmentofthe implementation ofconsumerfinancing agreements?andHowdoestheguaranteeoflegalcertaintyandjusticefor theimplementationofconsumerfinancingduetoCovid-19refertothe DecisionoftheConstitutionalCourt,especiallyagainsttheexecutionof guarantees? This research uses research method with type/type of doctrinallawresearchapproachornormativenorm,withstatuteapproach andcaseapproach,usinggenderdatasourcedfrom primarylegalmaterial, secondarylegalmaterialandtertiarylegalmaterial,wheretheresearch resultsareanalyzedinasquare.Conclusion,1)thatCovid-19accordingto theconceptofcivillawcanbecategorizedasforcemajeurbecauseithas fulfilledtheelementofforcemajeureasstipulatedinArticle1244and1245 oftheCivilCode;2)Guaranteeoflegalcertaintyintheexecution of fiduciaryguaranteesafterthedecisionoftheConstitutionalCourtNo.18/ PUU-XVII/2019isthattheexecutionoffiduciaryguaranteesmustgo throughtheimplementationofcourtdecisionsthatalreadyhavepermanent legalforceArticle15paragraph(2)uujf.Suggestion:1)thegovernment establishestheCovid-19Pandemicasaforcemajeurestate,2)OJKsetssanctionsrulesforconsumerfinancecompaniesthatforciblytakefiduciary guaranteeobjectswithoutgoingthroughthetermsoffiduciaryagreements

Legal Protection For Creditors In Fiduciary Guarantee Agreements In Indonesia

A fiduciary guarantee is one of the material guarantees known in positive law to carry out the function of a bank or creditor running its business, providing credit to its customer or debtor, and offering credit by the bank (the creditor) to its customer (the debtor), based on the ability and ability of the debtor to take debt advantage. In providing credit to customers (debtors), of course, there are conditions of a guarantee that must meet by debtors. There are problems from the results of the explanation, among others, first, legal protection for creditors in the fiduciary guarantee agreement, and second, the arrangement of fiduciary guarantee rights holders. This study uses a normative legal research method, which focuses on library studies, and this research uses a Legislation approach and is descriptive of qualitative analysis. Then from the first results, legal protection for the interests of creditors as fiduciaries is to provide definite provisions for creditors and complete data arrangements that must include in the fiduciary guarantee. Second, the performance of fiduciary rights holders in Indonesia, contained in Book II of the Civil Code, Law Number 42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Rights, and Law Number 4 of 1996 concerning Mortgage Right