Comparative Study Of Preschool Children’s Current Health Issues And Health Education In New Zealand And Japan

In New Zealand and Japan, despite health education on food, exercise, and hygiene, children’s health is an important concern in preschools. This study investigated the relationship between children’s health and health education in New Zealand and Japan using a qualitative interpretative descriptive design method and semi-structured interviews with preschool teachers. Major children’s health issues identified by preschool teachers in New Zealand were asthma, allergies, and dental hygiene. Although few preschool children are overweight in New Zealand, it becomes a serious concern in primary school. Identified as a suspected cause of children’s health problems was parents providing their children with sweet and/or unhealthy foods. Preschool teachers want parents to understand and implement health education, and they stated that parents’ education was necessary. In Japan, children’s health problems identified by teachers were allergies, food preferences, and sleep deprivation. The suspected causes included too much convenience, parents’ irregular lifestyles because they were busy, and parents’ depending on preschools to discipline children in ways that should be done at home. The goals for preschool health education were similar in New Zealand and Japan. The goals should be to obtain lifelong health knowledge, an ability to make wise health-related decisions in adulthood, and healthy lifestyle choices for themselves and their families. Some children’s health issues were beyond the scope of the abilities of individual preschools. Therefore, the entire nation and government should work together to cope with children’s health issues and health education

School health contribution for child health disparity

研究ノー

Educational Practice of Systematic Management of Health in the Junior High School

指導法・実践報

ユーモア ヒョウシュツ ガ ソーシャル サポート オヨビ ヒョウシュツシャ ノ セイシンテキ ケンコウ ニ アタエル エイキョウ : ユーモア ノ ケイタイ ニ チャクモク シテ

The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of humor on mental health and social support, focusing on the type of humor. The result of this study indicated that there was a significant difference between men and women only in offensive humor expression. Moreover, the high social support group indicated higher humor expression of all the forms than the low social support group. This result suggests that humor expression of all forms are useful to obtain social support. The low social support group had higher uneasiness and lower well-being than the high social support group. Therefore, social support is useful to promote the both of positive and negative mental health. It was indicated that three kinds of humor expressions affect social support in path analysis. Furthermore, social support affects happiness and uneasiness. In this research, it was shown that the influence process of humor on mental health was different according to the form of humor expression

Trace element concentrations in the small Indian mongoose (\u3ci\u3eHerpestes auropunctatus\u3c/i\u3e) from Hawaii, USA

Concentrations of 26 trace elements including essential (Mg, Ca, Cr, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Sr and Mo) and toxic (As, Cd and Pb), were determined in the liver, kidney, brain, hair, muscle, and stomach contents of the small Indian mongooses inhabiting eight areas on three Hawaiian Islands, Oahu, Maui and Hawaii. There were significant differences in concentrations of some metals among the habitats. Cadmium concentrations in mongooses from the macadamia nut orchards on Island of Hawaii were relatively higher than those in populations from other seven areas. Lead concentrations in mongooses from the Ukumehame firing range were significantly higher than those from other areas. Compared to data reported in mongooses from other countries, Pb concentrations in the brain were higher in the animals from Hawaiian islands, but almost similar levels were observed in the liver and kidney. Intriguingly, brain concentrations of Pb in three specimens from the Ukumehame firing range exceeded 3.79 μg g−1 WW, which was the mean cerebral Pb level in rats that caused some toxic symptoms after administration in the previous study. Furthermore, two fetuses exhibited higher brain Pb concentrations than each of their dams. These results prompted us to consider the potential exposure and health effects of Pb derived from firing range operations on the small Indian mongoose and other animal species including human

Trace element concentrations in the small Indian mongoose (\u3ci\u3eHerpestes auropunctatus\u3c/i\u3e) from Hawaii, USA

Concentrations of 26 trace elements including essential (Mg, Ca, Cr, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Sr and Mo) and toxic (As, Cd and Pb), were determined in the liver, kidney, brain, hair, muscle, and stomach contents of the small Indian mongooses inhabiting eight areas on three Hawaiian Islands, Oahu, Maui and Hawaii. There were significant differences in concentrations of some metals among the habitats. Cadmium concentrations in mongooses from the macadamia nut orchards on Island of Hawaii were relatively higher than those in populations from other seven areas. Lead concentrations in mongooses from the Ukumehame firing range were significantly higher than those from other areas. Compared to data reported in mongooses from other countries, Pb concentrations in the brain were higher in the animals from Hawaiian islands, but almost similar levels were observed in the liver and kidney. Intriguingly, brain concentrations of Pb in three specimens from the Ukumehame firing range exceeded 3.79 μg g−1 WW, which was the mean cerebral Pb level in rats that caused some toxic symptoms after administration in the previous study. Furthermore, two fetuses exhibited higher brain Pb concentrations than each of their dams. These results prompted us to consider the potential exposure and health effects of Pb derived from firing range operations on the small Indian mongoose and other animal species including human

Thyroidectomy using pure natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery in a porcine model

Surgical procedures for thyroid disease that provide cosmetically acceptable results are in demand. Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is performed through natural orifices and thus avoids incision of the body wall. This study aimed to develop an incision-free surgical procedure for thyroid lobectomy using pure NOTES with an oral approach. In six pig carcasses, an incision was made between the mandible and subcutaneous tissue under direct vision. After subcutaneous dissection and identification of the hyoid bone, the operative field was developed under endoscopic view. After the thyrohyoid membrane was identified, dissection was continued along the thyroid cartilage until the cricoid cartilage was identified and the thyroid isthmus was reached. An original retractor was inserted between dissected tissues to lift and fix the carcass. The thyroid gland was successfully removed through the incision. Similar macroscopic and histological findings were observed on the normal and treated sides, with no damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerves. The times required for securing the operative field and thyroidectomy improved with each operation. This study suggests the feasibility and safety of using pure NOTES for thyroidectomy through a subcutaneous route with an original retractor

患者による受け持ち学生の技術に対する評価と期待

学生が実習で受け持った入院患者が，学生の実習態度や看護技術をどう評価しているのか，学生にどのような態度や技術を期待しているのかを明らかにする目的で調査を行った．対象は，慢性期看護実習で学生が５週間継続して受け持った患者のうち，研究への同意が得られた１９名の患者である．本稿では，看護技術のうち，コミュニケーション技術および観察技術について報告する．調査の結果，学生のコミュニケーション技術および観察技術に対する患者の評価はおおむね良好であり，それらの技術に対する患者の期待は高いことが明らかになった．しかし，少数ではあるものの否定的な評価や学生には全く期待しない患者もおり，看護者としての姿勢に対する教育，受け持ち患者決定における条件などについては，今後さらに検討の必要性があることが示唆された．As part of the clinical nursing experience, nursing students were assigned to take care of patients requiring treatment for chronic health conditions for five consecutive weeks. The study was conducted to ascertain how １９ consenting patients assessed the attitudes and communication and observation skills of nursing students. Patients were also asked about their expectations of the students. Results showed that patients expected nursing students to demonstrate a high level of skills ; the communication and observation skills of the nursing students were generally assessed favorably. However, a few patients gave negative assessments of the students' attitudes and skills and stated that they did not expect anything from them. Our results suggest that it is necessary to further investigate the attitudes of nursing students and the conditions for their clinical assignments

Detection of RBM15-MKL1 Fusion Was Useful for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Minimal Residual Disease in Infant Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia

Acute megakaryocytic leukemia (AMKL) with t(1;22)(p13;q13) is a distinct category of myeloid leukemia by WHO classification and mainly reported in infants and young children. Accurate diagnosis of this type of AMKL can be difficult, because a subset of patients have a bone marrow (BM) blast percentage of less than 20% due to BM fibrosis. Therefore, it is possible that past studies have underestimated this type of AMKL. We present here the case of a 4-month-old female AMKL patient who was diagnosed by presence of the RBM15-MKL1 (OTT-MAL) fusion transcript by RT-PCR. In addition, we monitored RBM15-MKL1 fusion at several time points as a marker of minimal residual disease (MRD), and found that it was continuously negative after the first induction chemotherapy even by nested RT-PCR. Detection of the RBM15-MKL1 fusion transcript thus seems to be useful for accurate diagnosis of AMKL with t(1;22)(p13;q13). We recommend that the RBM15-MKL1 fusion transcript be analyzed for all suspected AMKL in infants and young children. Furthermore, monitoring of MRD using this fusion transcript would be useful in treatment of AMKL with t(1;22)(p13;q13)