A novel downstream Flood Hazard Grade Index incorporating upstream Hydrograph Characteristics to predict Debris Flow Runoff

The July 2020 debris flow in Japan caused enormous damage, and briefing sessions on disaster prevention have prompted demands for detailed explanations and predictions of such phenomena in high-risk areas. It is necessary to obtain four-dimensional risk information, which considers temporal changes in disaster risk, rather than limiting the analysis to conventionally static information. In this study, we developed a method for setting the boundary conditions necessary for debris flow prediction via a four-dimensional hazard map using various types of digital information. To understand the effects of hydrograph characteristics from the upstream, flow discharge was analysed under different flow conditions, such as topography-driven riverbed shear stress, using a one-dimensional numerical model that considers water and sediment flow. Our results suggested that characteristics of the upstream inflow hydrograph affect flood runoff processes downstream; therefore, we developed a separate downstream flood hazard grade index that uses characteristics of the upstream inflow hydrograph as input

Approach for Named Entity Recognition and Case Identification Implemented by ZuKyo-JA Sub-team at the NTCIR-16 Real-MedNLP Task

In this NTCIR-16 Real-MedNLP shared task paper, we present the methods of the ZuKyo-JA subteam for solving the Japanese part of Subtask1 and Subtask3 (Subtask1-CR-JA, Subtask1-RR- JA, Subtask3-RR-JA). Our solution is based on a sliding- window approach using a Japanese BERT pre-trained masked- language model., which was used as a common architecture for addressing the specific subtasks. We additionally present a method that makes extensive use of medical knowledge for the same case identification subtask3-RR-JA

Leveraging Token-Based Concept Information and Data Augmentation in Few-Resource NER: ZuKyo-EN at the NTCIR-16 Real-MedNLP task

In this paper, we discuss our contribution to the NII Testbeds and Community for Information Access Research (NTCIR) - 16 Real- MedNLP shared task. Our team (ZuKyo) participated in the English subtask: Few-resource Named Entity Recognition. The main challenge in this low-resource task was a low number of training documents annotated with a high number of tags and attributes. For our submissions, we used different general and domain-specific transfer learning approaches in combination with multiple data augmentation methods. In addition, we experimented with models enriched with biomedical concepts encoded as token-based input feature

甲状腺癌リンパ節転移との鑑別が困難であった頸部神経鞘腫の１例

A female patient in her 60s visited her previous doctor because of a right cervical mass that exist for 7 years and gradually increased in size. As she was suspected of cervical lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer, she was referred to our hospital. At the initial visit, a 5-cm right cervical mass and enlargement of the right lobe of the thyroid gland were observed. Fine needle aspiration cytology was performed on both, but no malignant findings were observed. To confirm the diagnosis and improve the patient’s appearance, a right lobectomy of the thyroid gland and resection of the right cervical mass were performed. A rapid intraoperative histological examination of the cervical mass revealed a schwannoma. The right thyroid tumor was diagnosed as follicular adenoma. Her postoperative course was good, and after several years of follow-up, patient consultation was terminated. Neurolemmoma is a benign tumor arising from Schwann cells in the nerve sheath, and it occurs frequently throughout the head and neck region, with 25%-45% of cases occurring in this region. Cervical schwannomas are characterized by irritation of the vagus nerve, brachial plexus, and sympathetic nerves. However, many patients present with only a painless neck mass, as in this case. Although the mass can be diagnosed by puncture aspiration cytology in some cases, sufficient specimens are often unavailable, and the diagnosis is made preoperatively in about half of all cases. Differential diagnoses of an anterior cervical mass include malignant lymphoma, cervical lymph node metastases of malignant tumors, submandibular gland tumors, and tuberculous lymph node metastases. In this patient, we also considered lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer. However, a histological examination did not detect malignancy in either the thyroid gland or neck mass, and we considered that the thyroid follicular adenoma and the cervical schwannoma occurred independently. We report our experience of cervical schwannoma combined with thyroid tumor which was suspected of lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer

Large Population of ALMA Galaxies at z>6 with Very High [OIII]88um to [CII]158um Flux Ratios: Evidence of Extremely High Ionization Parameter or PDR Deficit?

We present our new ALMA observations targeting [OIII]88um, [CII]158um, [NII]122um, and dust continuum emission for three Lyman break galaxies at z=6.0293-6.2037 identified in the Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam survey. We clearly detect [OIII] and [CII] lines from all of the galaxies at 4.3-11.8sigma levels, and identify multi-band dust continuum emission in two of the three galaxies, allowing us to estimate infrared luminosities and dust temperatures simultaneously. In conjunction with previous ALMA observations for six galaxies at z>6, we confirm that all the nine z=6-9 galaxies have high [OIII]/[CII] ratios of L[OIII]/L[CII]~3-20, ~10 times higher than z~0 galaxies. We also find a positive correlation between the [OIII]/[CII] ratio and the Lya equivalent width (EW) at the ~90% confidence level. We carefully investigate physical origins of the high [OIII]/[CII] ratios at z=6-9 using Cloudy, and find that high density of the interstellar medium, low C/O abundance ratio, and the cosmic microwave background attenuation are responsible to only a part of the z=6-9 galaxies. Instead, the observed high [OIII]/[CII] ratios are explained by 10-100 times higher ionization parameters or low photodissociation region (PDR) covering fractions of 0-10%, both of which are consistent with our [NII] observations. The latter scenario can be reproduced with a density bounded nebula with PDR deficit, which would enhance the Lya, Lyman continuum, and C+ ionizing photons escape from galaxies, consistent with the [OIII]/[CII]-Lya EW correlation we find.Comment: 20 pages, 18 figures, Accepted for publication in Ap

Dietary Supplementation with Monosodium Glutamate Suppresses Chemotherapy-Induced Downregulation of the T1R3 Taste Receptor Subunit in Head and Neck Cancer Patients

(Background) We investigated the effect of dietary supplementation with monosodium glutamate (MSG) on chemotherapy-induced downregulation of the T1R3 taste receptor subunit expression in the tongue of patients with advanced head and neck cancer. (Methods) Patients undergoing two rounds of chemoradiotherapy were randomly allocated to a control or intervention group (dietary supplementation with MSG at 2.7 g/day during the second round of chemotherapy). The relative expression of T1R3, a subunit of both umami and sweet taste receptors, in the tongue was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Dysgeusia was assessed with a visual analog scale and daily energy intake was evaluated. (Results) T1R3 expression levels in the tongue, taste sensitivity, and daily energy intake were significantly reduced after the first round of chemotherapy compared with before treatment. Furthermore, these parameters significantly decreased after the second round of chemotherapy, but the extent of decrease was significantly attenuated in the MSG group compared with the control group. (Conclusions) MSG supplementation suppresses chemotherapy-induced dysgeusia, possibly due to the inhibition of the T1R3-containing taste receptor downregulation in the tongue, thereby increasing energy intake in patients with advanced head and neck cancer

生活科における深い学びの実現をめざして―栽培とおもちゃづくりの事例分析から―

　本研究の目的は，改定された学習指導要領で示された「深い学び」を実現する手立てを生活科において明らかにすることである。「深い学び」を実現するためには，「気付きの質を高める」ことが重要となる。1 年生「サツマイモ栽培」，2 年生「おもちゃづくり」の単元において，「体験活動と表現活動とが豊かに行き来する個と全体の相互作用」の質を高めることを通して，気付きの質を高め，「深い学び」に届く生活科授業を構想した。実践の結果，「『環境』」を通して児童の思いや願いを育てる」，「児童の思いを出し，つながる場をつくる」，「児童にとって必然性のある振り返りを行う」，の手立てが有効であることが明らかになった。本単元で扱ったサツマイモ栽培などの動植物を扱う単元やものづくり単元は，児童の思いや願いを生み出しやすい単元でもある。今後の課題は，こうした単元以外においても，「深い学び」に届く授業を構想・実践し，その手立てを明らかにすることである

monosodium glutamate increases T1R3 expression

We previously showed that chemotherapy-induced dysgeusia was associated with lingual taste receptor gene expression, and monosodium glutamate (MSG) improved dysgeusia by upregulating taste 1 receptor 3 (T1R3) gene expression. In recent years, decreased taste sensitivity has also been reported in some young people, and these are partly due to their disordered eating habits. From these background, we investigated the effects of MSG supplementation on taste receptor expression and dietary intake in healthy females. Fifteen young healthy volunteers were enrolled for the present crossover study and divided in two groups (dietary supplementation with MSG at 2.7 g / day or 0.27 g / day). The relative expression of T1R3, a subunit of both umami and sweet taste receptors, in the tongue was assessed by quantitative PCR analysis. Food intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire (FFQg), and body composition was measured using Omron HBF-701. T1R3 expression levels in the tongue and taste sensitivity increased significantly in participants who consumed 10 g of MSG daily. Furthermore, protein, fat, and carbohydrate (PFC) balance and salt and sugar intake improved by MSG supplementation. In conclusion, MSG supplementation increased T1R3 expression in the tongue and improved dietary balance

ジェンダーの視点を法学教育に生かすための諸課題 : 米国フェミニズム法学教育者インタビュー調査から

本論文は、ジェンダー法学の現状と課題を、その「アカウンタビリティーを問う」という視点で検討する。この研究は、同じく科学研究費補助金基盤研究（Ｃ）（ 2 ）による先行研究である「ジェンダー理論の法学教育への統合的モデル構築にむけた現状と課題の実践的研究」（研究代表者 : 京都女子大学現代社会学部南野佳代）を深化、展開する目的のもので、『現代社会研究』第7号でも触れたように三つの角度からの共同研究を含んでいる。本共同研究は、そのうちの、ジェンダー理論に教育制度や担い手の側から光をあててその現状と課題を問うものであって、米国のジェンダー法学教育者に対して行ったインタビューを素材に、法学教育におけるジェンダーないしフェミニズムの視点導入の意義と課題を論じている。As one of the results of the research project "The Accountability of Feminist Jurisprudence," this article addresses the significance and theme of introducing gender perspectives into law school education, focusing on the interviews done with the professors teaching gender perspectives in law schools in the United States