The role of atmospheric precipitation in anther dehiscence

Dehiscence prašníků je důležitý děj, který se odehrává v závěru životního cyklu rostliny. Jedná se o soubor postupně na sebe navazujících kroků, jejichž výsledkem je otevření prašníků. Tím jsou pylová zrna dána k dispozici do prostoru. Proces dehiscence je nutné správně načasovat a synchronizovat s dalšími procesy, které se v rámci rostliny odehrávají - pylová zrna musí být v momentu dehiscence zralá a je rovněž potřeba, aby se otevřel květ. Riziko však představují atmosférické srážky. Ty mohou snížit samčí fitness v případě, že dojde k dehiscenci prašníků tehdy, když jsou vnější podmínky nepříznivé. Cílem této práce bylo podrobné prozkoumání vlivu atmosférických srážek, deště a rosy, na dehiscenci prašníků Arabidopsis arenosa. Bylo zjištěno, že déšť a rosa vedou k odložení finální fáze dehiscence, a pylová zrna tak zůstávají uzavřena v prašníku. Mimo samotných srážek došlo k testování působení vodného a nevodného prostředí na dehiscenci prašníků a k pokusům o transformaci A. arenosa za využití Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Klíčová slova: dehiscence prašníku, otevírání květu, déšť, rosa, Arabidopsis arenosa, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, transformaceAnther dehiscence is an important process taking place at the end of the plant life cycle. This process consists of various follow-up steps which result in anther opening and pollen grains exposure. Good timing of the anther dehiscence must be synchronized with pollen grains maturation and flower opening. Atmospheric precipitation is a high-risk factor for the anther dehiscence. Male fitness of plants can be reduced when anthers open during poor weather conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of atmospheric precipitation, rain and dew, on Arabidopsis arenosa anther dehiscence. We observed that rain and dew led to a postponed final stage of the anther dehiscence. This caused delayed pollen release. The effect of aqueous and nonaqueous environment on the anther dehiscence was also tested. Experiments with transformation of A. arenosa using Agrobacterium tumefaciens were performed. Key words: anther dehiscence, flower opening, rain, dew, Arabidopsis arenosa, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, transformationKatedra experimentální biologie rostlinDepartment of Experimental Plant BiologyPřírodovědecká fakultaFaculty of Scienc

Plant meteoreception

Flowering is a crucial event in a life cycle of every single plant. Various plant species are differently affected by weather in this time of their life cycle. Weather may have an impact on flower opening speed and timing and also on flower longevity. Timing of flower opening is very important. If flower opening takes place when weather conditions are unsuited, it can be for such plant terminal, or more precisely terminal for its ability to reproduce. Flower can be very important for male fitness protection. Flower opening is regulated by phytohormones and some other signal pathways - pathways of vernalization, gibberellins, photoperiod and an autonomous one which is independent from photoperiod. Phytohormones and regulation pathways mentioned above may respond to exogenous factors, namely temperature, light, air humidity and rain. Furthermore, an anther dehiscence is the key stage of flowering. Its timing and process have a huge effect on success of plant reproduction. It is also controlled by changing of weather conditions and by phytohormones, jasmonic acid is the main trigger of this process. Environmental factors influence on anther dehiscence was not examined in detail. Key words: flower opening, anther dehiscence, environmental factorsKvetení je klíčovou událostí v životním cyklu každé rostliny. Počasí má na tuto událost u jednotlivých druhů rostlin často různý účinek, může ovlivnit rychlost a dobu otevírání květu i jeho životnost. Doba otevření květu je velmi důležitá, pokud totiž rostlina vykvete tehdy, když panují nevhodné podmínky, může to pro ni, resp. pro její schopnost rozmnožit se, mít fatální následky. Květní lístky mohou mít důležitou roli v ochranně samčí fitness. Otevírání je regulováno fytohormony a jinými signálními dráhami - vernalizací, gibereliny, fotoperiodou a dráhou na fotoperiodě nezávislou, totiž autonomní. Fytohormony a uvedené signální dráhy mohou určitým způsobem reagovat i na vlivy faktorů vnějšího prostředí, konkrétně teploty, světla, vzdušné vlhkosti a deště. Dále je s touto důležitou fází ve vývoji rostliny úzce spjata dehiscence prašníků, jejíž načasování a průběh ovlivňují úspěch rostliny při rozmnožování. Dehiscence je rovněž jevem, který může být regulován změnou vnějších podmínek i fytohormony, jejím hlavním spouštěčem je kyselina jasmonová. Vliv environmentálních faktorů na dehiscenci však nebyl podrobně prozkoumán. Klíčová slova: kvetení, dehiscence prašníků, vnější vlivy prostředíDepartment of Experimental Plant BiologyKatedra experimentální biologie rostlinFaculty of SciencePřírodovědecká fakult

The role of atmospheric precipitation in anther dehiscence

Anther dehiscence is an important process taking place at the end of the plant life cycle. This process consists of various follow-up steps which result in anther opening and pollen grains exposure. Good timing of the anther dehiscence must be synchronized with pollen grains maturation and flower opening. Atmospheric precipitation is a high-risk factor for the anther dehiscence. Male fitness of plants can be reduced when anthers open during poor weather conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of atmospheric precipitation, rain and dew, on Arabidopsis arenosa anther dehiscence. We observed that rain and dew led to a postponed final stage of the anther dehiscence. This caused delayed pollen release. The effect of aqueous and nonaqueous environment on the anther dehiscence was also tested. Experiments with transformation of A. arenosa using Agrobacterium tumefaciens were performed. Key words: anther dehiscence, flower opening, rain, dew, Arabidopsis arenosa, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, transformatio

The role of atmospheric precipitation in anther dehiscence

Anther dehiscence is an important process taking place at the end of the plant life cycle. This process consists of various follow-up steps which result in anther opening and pollen grains exposure. Good timing of the anther dehiscence must be synchronized with pollen grains maturation and flower opening. Atmospheric precipitation is a high-risk factor for the anther dehiscence. Male fitness of plants can be reduced when anthers open during poor weather conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of atmospheric precipitation, rain and dew, on Arabidopsis arenosa anther dehiscence. We observed that rain and dew led to a postponed final stage of the anther dehiscence. This caused delayed pollen release. The effect of aqueous and nonaqueous environment on the anther dehiscence was also tested. Experiments with transformation of A. arenosa using Agrobacterium tumefaciens were performed. Key words: anther dehiscence, flower opening, rain, dew, Arabidopsis arenosa, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, transformatio

Plant meteoreception

Flowering is a crucial event in a life cycle of every single plant. Various plant species are differently affected by weather in this time of their life cycle. Weather may have an impact on flower opening speed and timing and also on flower longevity. Timing of flower opening is very important. If flower opening takes place when weather conditions are unsuited, it can be for such plant terminal, or more precisely terminal for its ability to reproduce. Flower can be very important for male fitness protection. Flower opening is regulated by phytohormones and some other signal pathways - pathways of vernalization, gibberellins, photoperiod and an autonomous one which is independent from photoperiod. Phytohormones and regulation pathways mentioned above may respond to exogenous factors, namely temperature, light, air humidity and rain. Furthermore, an anther dehiscence is the key stage of flowering. Its timing and process have a huge effect on success of plant reproduction. It is also controlled by changing of weather conditions and by phytohormones, jasmonic acid is the main trigger of this process. Environmental factors influence on anther dehiscence was not examined in detail. Key words: flower opening, anther dehiscence, environmental factor

The role of atmospheric precipitation in anther dehiscence

Anther dehiscence is an important process taking place at the end of the plant life cycle. This process consists of various follow-up steps which result in anther opening and pollen grains exposure. Good timing of the anther dehiscence must be synchronized with pollen grains maturation and flower opening. Atmospheric precipitation is a high-risk factor for the anther dehiscence. Male fitness of plants can be reduced when anthers open during poor weather conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of atmospheric precipitation, rain and dew, on Arabidopsis arenosa anther dehiscence. We observed that rain and dew led to a postponed final stage of the anther dehiscence. This caused delayed pollen release. The effect of aqueous and nonaqueous environment on the anther dehiscence was also tested. Experiments with transformation of A. arenosa using Agrobacterium tumefaciens were performed. Key words: anther dehiscence, flower opening, rain, dew, Arabidopsis arenosa, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, transformatio