Вариационный принцип для температурной задачи теории упругости в напряжениях

При расчетах деталей и элементов конструкций на прочность часто используется вариационная формулировка задачи. В работе предлагается вариационный принцип, уравнениями Эйлера которого являются дифференциальные уравнения термоупругости в напряжениях.При розрахунках деталей та елементів конструкцій на міцність часто використовується варіаційне формулювання задачі. Пропонується варіаційний принцип, рівняннями Ейлера якого є диференціальні рівняння термопружності в напруженнях.Strength calculation for parts and structural elements often involves a variational formulation of the problem. We propose the variational principle, wherein Euler equations are represented by differential equations of thermoelasticity in stresses

Validation of the Japanese version of the job crafting scale

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to validate the Japanese version of the job crafting scale (JCS-J). JCS measures four independent job crafting dimensions, namely increasing structural job resources, decreasing hindering job demands, increasing social job resources, and increasing challenging job demands. METHODS: The translated and back-translated JCS-J questionnaires were administered online to 972 employees of a Japanese manufacturing company. The data were then divided into independent explorative and confirmative samples. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to evaluate the factorial validity of JCS-J. The relationship with potential consequences of job crafting (e.g., job demands, job resources, and psychological well-being) was investigated to evaluate construct validity. Internal consistency was examined to evaluate the reliability of the four JCSs. RESULTS: An exploratory factor analysis extracted a five-factor solution. Decreasing hindering job demands was further split into two separate dimensions supporting a five- rather than four-factor structure. A series of confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the modified five-factor model that allows covariance between items fits the data best. Construct validity was generally supported by the expected correlations of each job crafting dimension with each corresponding job resource (+), job demand (+), and psychological well-being (+). Cronbach's α coefficient was sufficient for each of the four dimensions of job crafting (α ranged between 0.76 and 0.90). CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed that JCS-J is an adequate measure of job crafting that can be used in the Japanese context