Renormalized quark-antiquark Hamiltonian induced by a gluon mass ansatz in heavy-flavor QCD

In response to the growing need for theoretical tools that can be used in QCD to describe and understand the dynamics of gluons in hadrons in the Minkowski space-time, the renormalization group procedure for effective particles (RGPEP) is shown in the simplest available context of heavy quarkonia to exhibit a welcome degree of universality in the first approximation it yields once one assumes that beyond perturbation theory gluons obtain effective mass. Namely, in the second-order terms, the Coulomb potential with Breit-Fermi spin couplings in the effective quark-antiquark component of a heavy quarkonium, is corrected in one-flavor QCD by a spin-independent harmonic oscillator term that does not depend on the assumed effective gluon mass or the choice of the RGPEP generator. The new generator we use here is much simpler than the ones used before and has the advantage of being suitable for studies of the effective gluon dynamics at higher orders than the second and beyond the perturbative expansion.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, journal versio

Historical Resistance Movements and Modern Euroscepticism

This study explores the relationship between historical resistance and their relationship to modern-day Euroscepticism. It can be seen that within the European Union, the political orientation of Eurosceptic parties differs, with some political orientations being more popular in some parts of the continent compared to others—Eastern European states tend to have right-wing parties, while many Southern European states having left-wing parties. The author suggests that this is a result of the orientation of the resistance movements to the state’s historic authoritarian regime. Case studies were conducted on Spain and Poland—two EU with similar sized area, population, and economies—looking at their respective resistance movements to authorization and their connection to their respective dominate Eurosceptic parties, PiS and Podemos. The author observed clear links and similarities between the tactics, ethos, and rhetoric between these parties and their respective national resistance movements to authoritarianism

Spontaneous emission of color centers at 4eV in hexagonal boron nitride under hydrostatic pressure

The light emission properties of color centers emitting in 3.3-4 eV region are investigated for hydrostatic pressures ranging up to 5GPa at liquid helium temperature. The light emission energy decreases with pressure less sensitively than the bandgap. This behavior at variance from the shift of the bandgap is typical of deep traps. Interestingly, hydrostatic pressure reveals the existence of levels that vary differently under pressure (smaller increase of the emission wavelength compared to the rest of the levels in this energy region or even decrease of it) with pressure. This discovery enriches the physics of the color centers operating in the UV in hBN.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figure

Foreign language reading anxiety: Exploring the experiences of EFL students at a state university in Padang, Indonesia

This study investigates the levels of foreign language reading anxiety among EFL students at a state university in Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia, to identify the main factors contributing to this anxiety. The study included 30 participants who provided data through two questionnaires. The first questionnaire utilized the Foreign Language Reading Anxiety Scale (FLRAS) to assess anxiety levels, while the second questionnaire aimed to determine the primary factor behind this anxiety. The results indicated that 67% of the students experienced moderate anxiety, 20% experienced high levels, and 13% reported low anxiety. The study identified two main factors influencing foreign language reading anxiety: text features and personal factors. Text features encompassed unfamiliar vocabulary, topics, and culture, while personal factors included concerns about the effect of reading and fear of making errors. The second questionnaire revealed that unfamiliar language ranked as the most dominant factor, followed by concerns about the impact of reading, unfamiliar topics, fear of making errors, and unfamiliar culture. Recognizing that reading anxiety is a common experience among language learners is essential. However, with the proper support and guidance, students can overcome these challenges and succeed in their English language learning journey

Penyerapan Kadmium Pada Ayam Kampung Yang Diberi Dedak Padi Dalam Ransum

Phytate is commonly found in high concentration in rice bran. This compound can bind multivalency ions. The purpose of this study was to know the effect of rice bran in native chicken diet on Cd absorption. Twenty four native male chicks aged 3 months were randomly divided into six groups of treatments. The average weight of chick used in this experiment was 422.08 ± 39 g. The dietary treatments were 0% (R0), 10% (R1), 20% (R2), 30% (R3), 40% (R4), and 50% (R5) of rice bran in the ration given for 8 weeks. Drinking water containing 100 ppm Cd was given ad libitum. The results indicated that those treatments had no significant effect on Cd absorption, Cd concentration in feces, kidney, liver and weight of kidney and liver. Average of Cd in kidney and liver were 284.24 and 117.53 ppm respectively. It was concluded that rice bran in the native chick diet did not reduce Cd absorption. The utilization of rice bran and Cd pollution for long term period and in high concentration in the diet gave negative effect on native chicken performance

Embedding colloidal nanoparticles inside mesoporous silica using gas expanded liquids for high loading recyclable catalysts

The ability to tune the structural and chemical properties of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs), make them highly advantageous for studying activity and selectivity dependent catalytic behaviour. Incorporating pre-synthesized colloidal NPs into porous supports materials remains a challenge due to poor wetting and pore permeability. In this report monodisperse, composition controlled AgPd alloy NPs were synthesised and embedded into SBA-15 using supercritical carbon dioxide and hexane. Supercritical fluid impregnation resulted in high metal loading without the requirement for surface pre-treatments. The catalytic activity, reaction profiles and recyclability of the alloy NPs embedded in SBA-15 and immobilised on non-porous SiO2 are evaluated. The NPs incorporated within the SBA-15 porous network showed significantly greater recyclability performance compared to non-porous SiO2

Management of Deciding Decision Making Final Project Advisor in Optimizing Learning

In the management of learning in preparing the final assignment has become an obligation in each university. So, the existence of a final assignment supervisor is very important to help students complete their final assignments. Without the final assignment supervisor can lead to unclear and a directed research in accordance with the provisions of learning management, in this study discusses the role of lecturers in conducting final assignments in both thesis and thesis, lecturers as facilitators start the final assignment, lecturers as final project supervisors, lecturers as a final assignment exam preparation supervisor, stress in preparing the final assignment, communication of students with supervisors, choosing supervisors, consulting techniques with counselors, obstacles during the guidance of the preparation of the final assignment report. With the hope of this research students can choose a mentor where they must master the fields that are in accordance with your final assignment and with the provisions of learning management in Higher Education, and choose a mentor who has enough time to guide you, and a cooperative and communicative guide