4 research outputs found
Language continuity despite population replacement in Remote Oceania
Recent genomic analyses show that the earliest peoples reaching Remote Oceaniaâassociated with Austronesian-speaking Lapita cultureâwere almost completely East Asian, without detectable Papuan ancestry. However, Papuan-related genetic ancestry is found across present-day Pacific populations, indicating that peoples from Near Oceania have played a significant, but largely unknown, ancestral role. Here, new genome-wide data from 19 ancient South Pacific individuals provide direct evidence of a so-far undescribed Papuan expansion into Remote Oceania starting ~2,500 yrâBP, far earlier than previously estimated and supporting a model from historical linguistics. New genome-wide data from 27 contemporary ni-Vanuatu demonstrate a subsequent and almost complete replacement of Lapita-Austronesian by Near Oceanian ancestry. Despite this massive demographic change, incoming Papuan languages did not replace Austronesian languages. Population replacement with language continuity is extremely rareâif not unprecedentedâin human history. Our analyses show that rather than one large-scale event, the process was incremental and complex, with repeated migrations and sex-biased admixture with peoples from the Bismarck Archipelago
Conserver et exposer au centre culturel de Vanuatu
Le Centre culturel de Vanuatu veille Ă la prĂ©servation et Ă la transmission de la culture traditionnelle de lâarchipel : la kastom. Le savoir se partage entre fieldworkers et conservateurs pour gĂ©rer, exposer et constituer leur patrimoine matĂ©riel et immatĂ©riel
novembre-décembre 2020
Les professionnels mobilisĂ©s Lâengagement des professionnels peut-il ĂȘtre un Ă©lĂ©ment dĂ©finissant le musĂ©e ? Voici quelques annĂ©es, en 2017, dans le cadre du colloque de lâIcofom DĂ©finir le musĂ©e du XXIe siĂšcle, Jesus Pedro Lorente a posĂ© cette question. Partant du constat que la dĂ©finition du musĂ©e par lâIcom ne faisait aucune rĂ©fĂ©rence au besoin dâun technicien et que certaines tendances de la nouvelle musĂ©ologie revendiquaient des musĂ©es autogĂ©rĂ©s, le professeur de lâuniversitĂ© de Saragosse sâest interrogĂ© sur la place et le rĂŽle des professionnels de musĂ©es. Cette question reste particuliĂšrement prĂ©gnante. AprĂšs plusieurs semaines, qui ont correspondu pour les professionnels des musĂ©es Ă une phase de rĂ©ouverture de leurs lieux aux publics, de nouvelles mesures liĂ©es Ă lâĂ©volution de la crise sanitaire impactent aujourdâhui Ă nouveau leur fonctionnement. MarquĂ©e par une crise Ă©conomique sans prĂ©cĂ©dent, cette pĂ©riode induit des changements : certaines structures font preuve de rĂ©silience et se rĂ©inventent. La hiĂ©rarchie des savoirs, entre professionnels et publics, est questionnĂ©e. La richesse de ce numĂ©ro de la lettre se caractĂ©rise par la diversitĂ© des retours dâexpĂ©riences proposĂ©s. Ceux-ci abordent autant des questions liĂ©es Ă la conservation prĂ©ventive, que des sujets liĂ©s Ă lâexposition, Ă lâexpĂ©rience de visite ou aux outils pour faire sortir le musĂ©um du Luxembourg de ses murs. LâĂ©vocation du projet du Centre culturel du Vanuatu est aussi un bel exemple de valorisation et de transmission de lâhĂ©ritage culturel dâun archipel. Dâune dimension patrimoniale Ă des actions de mĂ©diation, un bel Ă©quilibre se dessine entre les diffĂ©rents textes proposĂ©s. Ă leur maniĂšre, ils rĂ©pondent Ă la question de Jesus Pedro Lorente. Si le musĂ©e se dĂ©finit par ses missions, ses collections, ses publics ou son rĂŽle dans et pour la sociĂ©tĂ©, il existe grĂąces aux diffĂ©rents corps de mĂ©tiers qui le font vivre. Projet singulier, centre de ressources Ă destination des professionnels de la sphĂšre musĂ©ale, câest aussi une idĂ©e que dĂ©fend lâOcim. Samuel Cordier, directeur de l'Oci
Language continuity despite population replacement in Remote Oceania
Recent genomic analyses show that the earliest peoples reaching Remote Oceania- A ssociated with Austronesian-speaking Lapita culture-were almost completely East Asian, without detectable Papuan ancestry. However, Papuan-related genetic ancestry is found across present-day Pacific populations, indicating that peoples from Near Oceania have played a significant, but largely unknown, ancestral role. Here, new genome-wide data from 19 ancient South Pacific individuals provide direct evidence of a so-far undescribed Papuan expansion into Remote Oceania starting ~2,500 yr bp, far earlier than previously estimated and supporting a model from historical linguistics. New genome-wide data from 27 contemporary ni-Vanuatu demonstrate a subsequent and almost complete replacement of Lapita-Austronesian by Near Oceanian ancestry. Despite this massive demographic change, incoming Papuan languages did not replace Austronesian languages. Population replacement with language continuity is extremely rare-if not unprecedented-in human history. Our analyses show that rather than one large-scale event, the process was incremental and complex, with repeated migrations and sex-biased admixture with peoples from the Bismarck Archipelago