Measuring the effect of foreign exchange reserves on foreign direct investment in Algeria during the period 1990-2020 using the ARDL model

This paper aims to examine the impact of foreign exchange reserves on foreign direct investment in Algeria during the period 1990-2020 by applying the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag model (ARDL). The model showed that the current variables are co-integrated. Also, the results indicate that foreign exchange reserves have a positive impact on foreign direct investment in the long term only, at a rate of 44%

Laparoscopic Management of Pregnancy in a U4 Uterine Malformarion: A Case Report

Pregnancy in a rudimentary uterine horn is an extremely rare and potentially serious obstetric situation, threatening the maternal-foetal prognosis. Pregnancy can occur accidentally in the rudimentary horn. This is a true extra uterine pregnancy with a risk of rupture during the second trimester of pregnancy, which is why it must be diagnosed and managed rapidly from the start of pregnancy. We report the case of a patient with an arrested pregnancy on a rudimentary horn managed laparoscopically

Management of Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Abdominal Wall after Hysterectomy: A Case Report

Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare dermo-hypodermal condition involving necrosis of cutaneous, subcutaneous and fascial tissues. Its occurrence in postoperative settings is an exceptional and serious phenomenon, with a life-threatening prognosis: it is a medical-surgical emergency.The diagnosis is clinically suspected in the presence of hyperalgesic wall sepsis disproportionate to the extent of the lesions. Biological criteria are established by the LRINEC (Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis) score, which can help differentiate necrotizing fasciitis from severe cellulitis. Diagnosis is difficult at first, given the lack of specific signs, which worsens the prognosis, which depends on rapid medical and surgical management.Treatment is based on extensive and aggressive trimming of necrotic tissue with drainage, combined with active and intensive resuscitation, and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy tailored to the results of bacteriological sampling. We report the case of a 42-year-old female patient presenting with necrotizing fasciitis of the anterolateral abdominal wall after hysterectomy

Pregnancy Following Caesarean Section, Managed by Anterior Colpotomy

Caesarean section scar pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy which is life-threatening for the mother due to uterine rupture at an early stage of pregnancy and haemorrhage. It is a pathology whose frequency is increasing due to the evolution of the caesarean section rate. We report the case of an isthmoceles pregnancy diagnosed at 9 weeks of amenorrhoea during the first trimester ultrasound

Extra-Peritoneal Caesarean Section or Back to the Future? What are the Limits to its Spread?

Extra-peritoneal caesarean section is not a new technique, but was described more than two centuries ago. So why has it not been adopted and what are the limits to its dissemination despite its reported advantages, we are going to describe the so-called French extra-peritoneal caesarean section technique and see what its advantages and disadvantages are

Chronic Bladder Retention Due to Lip Coalescence: A Case Report

Coalescence of the labia minora is defined as partial or complete adhesion of the labia minora. Complete labial fusion is a rare condition in adults. Coalescence of the labia minora generally occurs in early childhood and in prepubertal girls. It is a rare entity in women of childbearing age, except in cases of hypo oestrogenism. In general, micturition dysfunction is a rare complication of labia minora coalescence. We report the case of an 18-year-old female with complete and severe labia minora coalescence complicated by bladder retention

German-Algerian university exchange from the perspective of students and teachers results of an intercultural survey

Academic exchange programs provide students and teachers with the opportunity to study or work temporarily at educational institutions abroad. For exchange programs to be successful in promoting intercultural education, they must be designed with their participants in mind. The present study constitutes an investigation of attitudes and expectations of students and teachers with respect to a German–Algerian university exchange program. Germany and Algeria belong to separate cultural spheres—the Western/European and the Arabic/Islamic—and almost no academic exchange has taken place between them to date. The survey’s four participant groups were German (n = 270) and Algerian students (n = 214), and German (n = 24) and Algerian teachers (n = 43). The study revealed large differences in the hopes and fears that German and Algerian university students and teachers attach to reciprocal academic exchange. The study’s ramifications for the future planning of a German–Algerian university exchange program are discussed

Gemcitabine and treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in relapsed or refractory elderly patients: A prospective randomized trial in Algeria

Context: Support for non-Hodgkin\u2032s lymphoma (NHL) with large cells that is refractory or relapsed after first-line chemotherapy poses a greater therapeutic problem with bone marrow transplant therapy or when old age is a contra-indication for high-dose chemotherapy, especially among developing countries such as Algeria. Aim: To show that the regimen, including gemcitabine, could be more effective in treating elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in relapse / refractory, without complete remission, when compared with the ESHAP (etoposide, cisplatine, solumedrol, aracytine) regimen. Materials and Methods: Ninety-six patients in the age group of 60-70 years were volunteers for a prospective randomized single-blind study, carried out for three years. Patients were divided into two groups by the drawing of lots. The first group (GA, n = 48, relapse; n = 27 [56.3%], refractory; n = 21 [43.7%]) received treatment with ESHAP protocol and the second one (GB, n = 48, relapse; n = 28 [58%], refractory; n = 20 [42%]) with GPD (gemcitabine, dexamethasone, cisplatine) protocol. Results: The overall response rates and mean survival at three years were significantly higher among patients subjected to GPD treatment compared with those subjected to ESHAP treatment (63% vs. 55%, P = 0.01 and 20.5% [95% CI 16.5-24.5] vs. 11.8% [8.9-14.6], respectively). Additionally, three-year progression-free and event-free survival rates were 20.5% (16.3-24) and 19.7% (15.9-23.5), respectively, for the GPD regimen and 10.9% (8.2-13.7) and 11.1% (95% CI 8.5-13.7), respectively, for the ESHAP regimen. Moreover, the GPD regimen was associated with improving overall survival (RR=2.02, 95% CI 1.59-2.56; P = 0.000), event-free survival (2.03, 1.64-2.52; P < 0.001) and progression-free survival (1.86, 1.46-2.37; P < 0.001). Conclusion: In cases of contra-indication for high-dose chemotherapy for elderly patients with DLBCL, without complete remission, the Gemcitabine-based therapy protocol represents a more effective and less toxic than that of ESHAP

The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance

INTRODUCTION Investment in Africa over the past year with regard to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing has led to a massive increase in the number of sequences, which, to date, exceeds 100,000 sequences generated to track the pandemic on the continent. These sequences have profoundly affected how public health officials in Africa have navigated the COVID-19 pandemic. RATIONALE We demonstrate how the first 100,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences from Africa have helped monitor the epidemic on the continent, how genomic surveillance expanded over the course of the pandemic, and how we adapted our sequencing methods to deal with an evolving virus. Finally, we also examine how viral lineages have spread across the continent in a phylogeographic framework to gain insights into the underlying temporal and spatial transmission dynamics for several variants of concern (VOCs). RESULTS Our results indicate that the number of countries in Africa that can sequence the virus within their own borders is growing and that this is coupled with a shorter turnaround time from the time of sampling to sequence submission. Ongoing evolution necessitated the continual updating of primer sets, and, as a result, eight primer sets were designed in tandem with viral evolution and used to ensure effective sequencing of the virus. The pandemic unfolded through multiple waves of infection that were each driven by distinct genetic lineages, with B.1-like ancestral strains associated with the first pandemic wave of infections in 2020. Successive waves on the continent were fueled by different VOCs, with Alpha and Beta cocirculating in distinct spatial patterns during the second wave and Delta and Omicron affecting the whole continent during the third and fourth waves, respectively. Phylogeographic reconstruction points toward distinct differences in viral importation and exportation patterns associated with the Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants and subvariants, when considering both Africa versus the rest of the world and viral dissemination within the continent. Our epidemiological and phylogenetic inferences therefore underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic on the continent and highlight key insights and challenges, for instance, recognizing the limitations of low testing proportions. We also highlight the early warning capacity that genomic surveillance in Africa has had for the rest of the world with the detection of new lineages and variants, the most recent being the characterization of various Omicron subvariants. CONCLUSION Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve. This is important not only to help combat SARS-CoV-2 on the continent but also because it can be used as a platform to help address the many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats in Africa. In particular, capacity building for local sequencing within countries or within the continent should be prioritized because this is generally associated with shorter turnaround times, providing the most benefit to local public health authorities tasked with pandemic response and mitigation and allowing for the fastest reaction to localized outbreaks. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century