Effect of fertilizer levels on nutrient availability and yield of cotton on Vertisol at Rahuri, District Ahemadnagar, India

The field experiment on effect of fertilizer levels on nutrient availability and yield of cotton on Vertisol was conducted at Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri during May to September, 2008. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications and two main treatments i.e. hybrid Bt RCH-2 and Non-Bt RCH-2 and nine sub treatments with different fertilizer doses i.e. F1 - No recommended doses of fertilizer (RDF), F2 -50 % RDF, F3 - 75 % RDF, F4 - 100 % RDF, F5 -125 % RDF, F6 - 150 % RDF, F7 - 100 % RDF + 2% DAP spray, F8 -100 % RDF + 1 % MgSO4 and F9 -100 % RDF + 1% KNO3. The results revealed that the non-Bt hybrid recorded maximum nitrogen (435.67 kg ha-1) and potassium (565.45 kg ha-1) content in 100 % RDF + 1% KNO3 treatment at boll development stage as compared to Bt hybrid. However, magnesium (0.09 kg ha-1) and iron (3.66 ppm) were maximum in 100 % RDF + 1 % MgSO4 treatment in non-Bt as compared to Bt hybrid and phosphorus content (17.58 kg ha-1) was maximum in 100 % RDF + 2 % DAP treatment in Bt as compared to non-Bt hybrid at boll development stage. The application of 100 % RDF + 1 % MgSO4 sprays were recorded highest yield of Bt (33.53 q ha-1) and non-Bt cotton hybrids (31.27 q ha-1)

Contribution of G7 Countries to the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ): An Analytical Study

The Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) provide list of high quality open access journals. In this paper, the authors consolidates the e-journals originated from G7 member countries and analyses them based on country, trend, subject, language and top level domain. It assesses the current scenario of open access publishing trend in G7 member countries during 2002-2017. The data has been tabulated and analyzed as per the defined objectives of study

Use Pattern and Information Needs of Young Users of Public Libraries in Karnataka with Special Reference to City Central Library (CCL), Dharwad

In this article an attempt has been made to investigate the use pattern and information needs of young users. For the study 200 questionnaires were distributed to the young users of City Central library, Dharwad, aged between 18-35 years and 196 duly filled questionnaires were received back with the response rate of 98%. In that, 180 (90%) questionnaires were found to be suitable for the analysis. Findings of the study revealed that City Central library plays a vital role in the life of youngsters and they are visiting the library regularly. Library usage and information needs of youngsters are mainly related to employment (81.11%) and education (66.57%). The study concludes with providing some of the important suggestions for overall development of information resources, services and infrastructure facilities of the CCL in order to provide better services to young users

Care seeking behaviour and various delays in tuberculosis patients registered under RNTCP in Pune city

Introduction: Case finding in tuberculosis is known to be influenced by factors such as patient motivation, care seeking, the degree of diagnostic suspicion by health care provider which could result in a delayed diagnosis. Objective: To determine care seeking behaviour and delay in diagnosis and treatment of new sputum positive tuberculosis patients registered under RNTCP. Material and Methods: Descriptive cross sectional study. 283 new sputum positive tuberculosis patients (?15 years of age) registered during a period of six months at two randomly selected tuberculosis unit of Pune city. Questionnaire by WHO was modified and used. Interviews were conducted in DOT centres. Statistical analysis: Frequency, mean and standard deviation, chi square test. Results: Mean age of patients was 35 (±15) years18% of patients were unemployed and 77% resided in urban slums. The commonest co morbidity in 7.4% and 3.5 % patients was HIV/ AIDS followed by diabetics respectively. Majority of the patients, for the first and second time visited a general practitioner. Median patient, health care system and total delay were 18, 22 and 47 days with mean of 24±21, 32±30 and 56±33 days respectively. Health care system delay was less (p<0.05) in patients who first visited the public health care facility than patients who first visited a private health care provider. Conclusions: General practitioners are preferred first choice of health care provider for tuberculosis patients. Mean health care system delay is more than patient delay

UOLO - automatic object detection and segmentation in biomedical images

We propose UOLO, a novel framework for the simultaneous detection and segmentation of structures of interest in medical images. UOLO consists of an object segmentation module which intermediate abstract representations are processed and used as input for object detection. The resulting system is optimized simultaneously for detecting a class of objects and segmenting an optionally different class of structures. UOLO is trained on a set of bounding boxes enclosing the objects to detect, as well as pixel-wise segmentation information, when available. A new loss function is devised, taking into account whether a reference segmentation is accessible for each training image, in order to suitably backpropagate the error. We validate UOLO on the task of simultaneous optic disc (OD) detection, fovea detection, and OD segmentation from retinal images, achieving state-of-the-art performance on public datasets.Comment: Publised on DLMIA 2018. Licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0

Relativistic supernovae have shorter-lived central engines or more extended progenitors: the case of SN\,2012ap

Deep late-time X-ray observations of the relativistic, engine-driven, type Ic SN2012ap allow us to probe the nearby environment of the explosion and reveal the unique properties of relativistic SNe. We find that on a local scale of ~0.01 pc the environment was shaped directly by the evolution of the progenitor star with a pre-explosion mass-loss rate <5x10^-6 Msun yr-1 in line with GRBs and the other relativistic SN2009bb. Like sub-energetic GRBs, SN2012ap is characterized by a bright radio emission and evidence for mildly relativistic ejecta. However, its late time (t~20 days) X-ray emission is ~100 times fainter than the faintest sub-energetic GRB at the same epoch, with no evidence for late-time central engine activity. These results support theoretical proposals that link relativistic SNe like 2009bb and 2012ap with the weakest observed engine-driven explosions, where the jet barely fails to breakout. Furthermore, our observations demonstrate that the difference between relativistic SNe and sub-energetic GRBs is intrinsic and not due to line-of-sight effects. This phenomenology can either be due to an intrinsically shorter-lived engine or to a more extended progenitor in relativistic SNe.Comment: Version accepted to ApJ. Significantly broadened discussio

Simultaneous presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer: experience from a regional cancer centre

Background: Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis is very high in India. Lung cancer is the most common cancer in males in Delhi and because of close similarity in clinical and radiological features of lung cancer and tuberculosis many of lung cancer patients have had received empirical anti tubercular treatment (ATT) before a diagnosis of lung cancer was established. True incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in lung cancer is not known. Tuberculosis in lung cancer may get reactivated following chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Simultaneous presentation of tuberculosis and lung cancer independent of treatment with immunosuppresants, however, is rare. Material and Methods: At our center we evaluated records of 580 lung cancer patients seen over a period of 5 years to see incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in lung cancer. Patients who had been worked up for pulmonary tuberculosis like sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) for AFB smear or culture were identified. Results: Two hundred and ninety eight of these patients were worked up for pulmonary tuberculosis. Twelve patients in the present study had documented evidence of simultaneous existence of pulmonary tuberculosis (acid fast bacilli positive sputum and or culture positivity) and lung cancer. Radiologically, no separate active tubercular lesion was identified except in one patient who had left upper zone fibro parenchymal lesion. Fibrosis and calcification on chest X-rays (CXR) suggestive of old tuberculosis were evident in 7 patients. Eight patients died of progressive lung cancer within 3 months of diagnosis, 4 patients became acid fast bacilli (AFB) negative after 2 months of anti tubercular therapy. Diagnosis of lung cancer was delayed in 4 patients as they were receiving anti tubercular therapy after detection of AFB in sputum. Conclusion: Recognition of tuberculosis is important not only because it is curable but also due to the fact that its presence interferes with radiological assessment to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Sputum acid fast smear may be done more frequently in patients of lung cancer in countries where tuberculosis has high prevalence. The true incidence may be still higher and newer techniques e.g. PCR based and others may help in knowing true incidence of co existence of lung cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis