Removal of Suspended Solid, Colour and Ammoniacal-Nitrogen from Leachate Using Aerated Electrochemical Coagulation (AEC) Under The Influence Factors of pH and Electrolysis Duration

The leachate produced by the decomposition of waste in landfills contains toxic substances that pollute the environment and cause health concerns which proper leachate treatment is essential before leachate is directly discharge into the environment. The most important factors to be considered when adopting a leachate treatment are effluent removal performance and the ability of treated effluent to satisfy the standard limit discharge. This study investigates the optimum condition of Aerated Electrochemical Coagulation (AEC), a mix of physical and chemical treatments in removing suspended solid, colour and ammonia from leachate under the influence factors of pH and electrolysis duration. Stabilised leachate from Simpang Renggam Landfill was used as samples for this study. From the data analysis, the highest removal effectiveness was achieved at 10 minutes of electrolysis duration and pH 5 for removal of suspended solid, colour and ammonia with 93%, 93%, and 40%, respectively. Based on the data, integration of the aeration method into electrochemical coagulation in leachate treatment has shown enhancement of the removal efficiency of suspended solid, colour and ammonia. However, only suspended solid satisfy the standard leachate discharge

Removal of Suspended Solid, Colour and Ammoniacal-Nitrogen from Leachate Using Aerated Electrochemical Coagulation (AEC) Under The Influence Factors of pH and Electrolysis Duration

The leachate produced by the decomposition of waste in landfills contains toxic substances that pollute the environment and cause health concerns which proper leachate treatment is essential before leachate is directly discharge into the environment. The most important factors to be considered when adopting a leachate treatment are effluent removal performance and the ability of treated effluent to satisfy the standard limit discharge. This study investigates the optimum condition of Aerated Electrochemical Coagulation (AEC), a mix of physical and chemical treatments in removing suspended solid, colour and ammonia from leachate under the influence factors of pH and electrolysis duration. Stabilised leachate from Simpang Renggam Landfill was used as samples for this study. From the data analysis, the highest removal effectiveness was achieved at 10 minutes of electrolysis duration and pH 5 for removal of suspended solid, colour and ammonia with 93%, 93%, and 40%, respectively. Based on the data, integration of the aeration method into electrochemical coagulation in leachate treatment has shown enhancement of the removal efficiency of suspended solid, colour and ammonia. However, only suspended solid satisfy the standard leachate discharge

Kekuatan Mental dan Kecederaan Pemain Bola Sepak Malaysia Bertaraf Profesional

Kecederaan merupakan satu cabaran kepada para atlet dan kecederaan yang dialami mampu memberi kesan serta punca kepada pengakhiran kerjaya dalam sukan. Faktor kekuatan mental merupakan perkara yang membantu pemain bola sepak dalam mengharungi sesi pemulihan untuk pulih dari kecederaan dan kembali ke prestasi sebenar. Kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji hubungan kekuatan mental dan kecederaan pemain bola sepak profesional untuk mengukur kekuatan mental pemain bola ini, penggunaan soal selidik Mental Toughness Questionaire (MTQ48) yang telah diubah suai dalam kajian ini yang terdiri daripada empat konstruk iaitu keyakinan diri, kawalan diri, cabaran dan komitmen yang dibina oleh Clough et al. (2002). Seramai 30 orang pemain bola sepak profesional yang mengalami kecederaan dijadikan sebagai sampel kajian. Hasil kajian mendapati faktor kekuatan mental pemain bola sepak semasa mengalami kecederaan menerusi nilai min yang tertinggi adalah komitmen (M = 4.08). Seterusnya, hasil kajian mendapati tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan antara kekuatan mental pemain bola sepak semasa kecederaan berdasarkan pengalaman pemain. Antara lain, hasil kajian mendapati tidak terdapat hubungan antara tahap kecederaan dan kekuatan mental pemain bola sepak semasa mengalami kecederaan. Selain itu, dapatan kajian juga mendapati tidak terdapat hubungan antara kekerapan mengalami kecederaan dan kekuatan mental pemain bola sepak semasa mengalami kecederaan. Kajian ini dapat membantu pasukan bola sepak Malaysia terutama jurulatih pasukan dan ahli perubatan untuk memahami kepentingan kekuatan mental pemain bola sepak dan boleh dijadikan rujukan kepada pasukan amatur. Kajian juga boleh dijalankan kepada sukan yang berbeza atau kajian terhadap pemain bola sepak amatur atau pemain bola sepak yang bermain di liga sosial