Store Format Choice in an Evolving Market . A TPB Approach

<div align=justify>The store choice has been studied extensively in the literature, but store format choice has had limited research attention. The store choice modeling has been primarily done in the random utility theory framework, which however is a neo-economics based view of choice decision that ignores the psychological and behavioral aspects of this planned behavior. The store format choice for bulk grocery purchase despite being a rational context has not been conceptualized in the most accepted construct in attitude behavior, the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Attitude-behavior linkage has been studied extensively in literature but there is still no consensus on the components of attitude, their interrelationship and resultant impact on conation. The Theory of Reasoned Action has evolved over time to incorporate perceived behavioral control and past behavior to improve its explanatory capacity as TPB; however, it has maintained its unidimensionalist approach and has not tested affect and cognition independently for its impact on behavior. It may therefore be relevant to explore the possibility of testing the proposed Converging framework of Affect and Cognition and comment on the relationship of the structural components of attitude and its impact on format choice. The impact of past behavior on future behavior in Theory of Planned Behavior has been ambiguous while there has not been much emphasis on the quality of past experience. The current research takes up the past experience quality and tests it in the attitude behavior relationship as an antecedent of actual behavior. This paper conceptualizes the store format choice behavior in the Theory of Planned Behavior framework by exploring the strength of attitude-behavior relationship mediated through behavioral intention and its impact on format choice as also the independent role of affect and cognition on the format choice.</div>

Empowering the power sector through UDAY: A study of Haryana

In the era of reforms, power sector has also created space for itself by launching Ujwal Discoms Assurance Yojana (UDAY) with a motive to bring and upgrade efficiency in power sector. The Discoms had bearded an amount of Rs. 2374 Crore as burden of interest on outstanding debt. In this paper, an attempt has been made to assess the performance of Haryana Discoms on operational & financial parameters. The researcher draws a conclusion on the operational parameters that DT meter (Rural), smart metering above 500 KWH and smart metering between 200 to 500 KWH parameters have an insignificant growth. On the other hand, financial parameters of UDAY scheme show that UHBVNL Discom has higher Aggregate Technical and Commercial (AT&C) losses and the Average Cost of Supply (ACS) & Average Revenue Realization (ARR) gap of DHBVNL reports to be insignificant which poses a major challenge for Haryana

Empowering the power sector through UDAY: A study of Haryana

In the era of reforms, power sector has also created space for itself by launching Ujwal Discoms Assurance Yojana (UDAY) with a motive to bring and upgrade efficiency in power sector. The Discoms had bearded an amount of Rs. 2374 Crore as burden of interest on outstanding debt. In this paper, an attempt has been made to assess the performance of Haryana Discoms on operational & financial parameters. The researcher draws a conclusion on the operational parameters that DT meter (Rural), smart metering above 500 KWH and smart metering between 200 to 500 KWH parameters have an insignificant growth. On the other hand, financial parameters of UDAY scheme show that UHBVNL Discom has higher Aggregate Technical and Commercial (AT&C) losses and the Average Cost of Supply (ACS) & Average Revenue Realization (ARR) gap of DHBVNL reports to be insignificant which poses a major challenge for Haryana

Chemical-enzymatic synthesis of ligands of E-selectin

845-85

A Systematic Evaluation of Literature on Internet of Things (IoT) and Smart Technologies with Multiple Dimensions

The advent of state of the art advanced technologies is necessitated by the ever-increasing onset and infiltration of our lives by the smart devices and gadgets for providing an array of services. The conventional methods and techniques already becoming obsolete and the consistent and persistent demand for provision of high end services with a greater degree of accuracy by various sectors, paves the way for collaboration of smart technologies such as Internet of things, Internet of everything, Internet of Vehicles etc. with the smart gadgets and devices. This systematic review tries to explore the avenues for research and multiple streaming of segments by the analysis of allied smart systems comprising of smart devices and multi-dimensional IoT, IoE, IoV etc.&nbsp

Engineering and Characterization of Human β-defensin-3 and Its Analogues and Microcin J25 Peptides Against \u3cem\u3eMannheimia haemolytica\u3c/em\u3e and Bovine Neutrophils

Mannheimia haemolytica-induced bovine respiratory disease causes loss of millions of dollars to Canadian cattle industry. Current antimicrobials are proving to be ineffective and leave residues in meat. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) may be effective against M. haemolytica while minimizing the risk of drug residues. Cationic AMPs can kill bacteria through interactions with the anionic bacterial membrane. Human β-Defensin 3 (HBD3) and microcin J25 (MccJ25) are AMPs with potent activity against many Gram-negative bacteria. We tested the microbicidal activity of wild-type HBD3, three HBD3 peptide analogues (28 amino acid, 20AA, and 10AA) derived from the sequence of natural HBD3, and MccJ25 in vitro against M. haemolytica. Three C-terminal analogues of HBD3 with all cysteines replaced with valines were manually synthesized using solid phase peptide synthesis. Since AMPs can act as chemoattractant we tested the chemotactic effect of HBD3, 28AA, 20AA, and 10AA peptides on bovine neutrophils in Boyden chamber. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assay showed that M. haemolytica was intermediately sensitive to HBD3, 28AA and 20AA analogues with an MBC of 50 µg/mL. The 10AA analogue had MBC 6.3 µg/mL which is likely a result of lower final inoculum size. MccJ25 didn’t have significant bactericidal effect below an MBC \u3c 100 µg/mL. Bovine neutrophils showed chemotaxis towards HBD3 and 20AA peptides (P \u3c 0.05) but not towards 28AA analogue. Co-incubation of neutrophils with any of the peptides did not affect their chemotaxis towards N-formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). The data show that these peptides are effective against M. haemolytica and are chemotactic for neutrophils in vitro

Role of EYCDFA for Optical Communication System

In this paper, performance analysis of Erbium ytterbium co-doped fiber amplifier is presented. 60Gbps single channel link is used with EDFA-EYCDFA cascaded structure. Various parameters like bit error rate (BER), received optical power, Q factor, noise figure and dispersion are used to measure system performance. The signal to noise ratio has been improved by using this optical amplifier. The main objective to present this work is to use the erbium ytterbium co-doped fiber amplifier to achieve higher power, this amplifier is used because it absorb higher amount of energy

Synthesis and antiplasmodial activity of regioisomers and epimers of second-generation dual acting ivermectin hybrids

© The Author(s) 2022. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.With its strong effect on vector-borne diseases, and insecticidal effect on mosquito vectors of malaria, inhibition of sporogonic and blood-stage development of Plasmodium falciparum, as well as in vitro and in vivo impairment of the P. berghei development inside hepatocytes, ivermectin (IVM) continues to represent an antimalarial therapeutic worthy of investigation. The in vitro activity of the first-generation IVM hybrids synthesized by appending the IVM macrolide with heterocyclic and organometallic antimalarial pharmacophores, against the blood-stage and liver-stage infections by Plasmodium parasites prompted us to design second-generation molecular hybrids of IVM. Here, a structural modification of IVM to produce novel molecular hybrids by using sub-structures of 4- and 8-aminoquinolines, the time-tested antiplasmodial agents used for treating the blood and hepatic stage of Plasmodium infections, respectively, is presented. Successful isolation of regioisomers and epimers has been demonstrated, and the evaluation of their in vitro antiplasmodial activity against both the blood stages of P. falciparum and the hepatic stages of P. berghei have been undertaken. These compounds displayed structure-dependent antiplasmodial activity, in the nM range, which was more potent than that of IVM, its aglycon or primaquine, highlighting the superiority of this hybridization strategy in designing new antiplasmodial agents.KS thanks SERB, DST for the grant (EMR/2017/000520) and Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar for funding under the RUSA-II scheme as well as facilities. MP acknowledges Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, Portugal, for Grant PTDC-SAU-INF-29550/2017. LS is thankful to University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi for funding under Rajiv Gandhi National Fellowship.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Comparison of prices of commonly used drugs in AMRIT pharmacy, Jan Aushadhi Centre and Private chemist shop: An analytical study from a tertiary care centre in Haryana

Background: The price of medicine in India has always been a point of discussion in public domain. The price range of the same drug is very large with more than 100% difference between various brands available in different settings. Aims and Objectives: To assess the price of different drugs at Jan Aushasdhi (JA), AMRIT and Private Chemist and to compare the prices of these three outlets so that the issues. Material and Methods: This institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out from May 2019 to June 2019. A pretested proforma was prepared to compare the prices of 284 different medicines in Jan Aushadhi, AMRIT and private chemist shops. The collected data were entered in an Excel spreadsheet and presented in Proportions, percentages, and mean. Results: The price of 284 medicines were compared from JA (Median(IQR)- 15.18(18.75) INR) and Private chemist shop (Median(IQR)-88(111.5) INR) while 249 medicine from AMRIT (Median(IQR)-61.05(78.33) INR). Although the majority of the AMRIT drugs are cheaper than the chemist shop except for 31% of Antipsychotic drugs, 26.6% of antihypertensives, 25% of respiratory drugs, 25% of steroids, 21.9% of antibiotics. Conclusion: We concluded that JA is providing drugs cheaper than AMRIT and Private chemist . The prices of medicines offered at AMRIT  are lower than market pricing but they are costlier when compared to JA prices

Shortened Time to Identify Staphylococcus Species from Blood Cultures and Methicillin Resistance Testing Using CHROMAgar

The ability to rapidly differentiate coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) from Staphylococcus aureus and to determine methicillin resistance is important as it affects the decision to treat empiric antibiotic selection. The objective of this study was to evaluate CHROMagar S. aureus and CHROMagar MRSA (Becton Dickinson) for rapid identification of Staphylococcus spp. directly from blood cultures. Consecutive blood culture bottles (BacT Alert 3D SA and SN, bioMérieux) growing gram-positive cocci in clusters were evaluated. An aliquot was plated onto CHROMagar MRSA (C-MRSA) and CHROMagar S. aureus (C-SA) plates, which were read at 12 to 16 hours. C-SA correctly identified 147/147 S. aureus (100% sensitivity); 2 CoNS were misidentified as S. aureus (98% specificity). C-MRSA correctly identified 74/77 MRSA (96% sensitivity). None of the MSSA isolates grew on C-MRSA (100% specificity). In conclusion, CHROMagar is a rapid and sensitive method to distinguish MRSA, MSSA, and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and may decrease time of reporting positive results