Optimization and Performance Evaluation of Single Axis Arduino Solar Tracker

The use of clean energy (Solar, Wind etc) in other words, renewable energy is becoming more important for lowering global warming as the world becomes hotter as a result of global warming . The aim of this paper is to consume the maximum solar energy through solar panel. A Solar Tracker is a device onto which solar panels are built-in which tracks the motion of the sun ensuring that maximum amount of sunlight strikes the panels all over the day. Power output from a solar cell will be high when it is facing the sun. The components used for its construction are servo motor, Arduino Mega (microcontroller) and LDR. Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs) are used for sunlight detection. The active sensors continuously monitor the sunlight and alternate the panel towards the direction of the sun. Four light dependent resistors (LDR) have been used to trace the synchronization of sunlight by detecting brightness level of sunlight. For rotation, two standard servo motors are been used. The effectiveness of output power will increase when compared with the traditional model(Fixed solar panel)

Role of Panchamruta Rasa (Panchadasha) as a immunomodulator w.s.r. Rasayana : A Review

In Ayurveda, text immunity had been described by Chakrapani in terms of Vyadhikshamatva and it is termed as a state of equilibrium of Oja, Bala, Prakrit Kapha. The modulation of immune response by using Ayurvedic herbal medication as a possible therapeutic measure has now become a subject of scientific investigation. Immunomodulators can be defining as substance which can affect any function of the immune system including both innate and adaptive immunity. In Ayurveda, this concept of immunomodulation correlated with Rasayana. Rasayana acts in the body at three levels i.e. Rasa, Agni, Strotas. The present review is undertaken for screening minerals & herbs (ingredients) of Panchamruta Rasa (Panchadasha) to evaluate their immunomodulatory properties and establish the correlation between Rasayana and immunomodulatory effect. Critical review of minerals & herbs to show immunomodulatory property is compiled from various Ayurvedic texts as well as from multiple articles on the internet to justify their immunomodulatory property on the basis of data collected. This also shows their potential to act as antioxidant, anti-stress, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, vaccine adjuvant, or immunity against diseases property

Modeling Study of Beach Placer Minerals using Artificial Neural Network: A Case Study

In recent years, artificial neural network (ANNs) have been found to be an attractive tool for steady-state /dynamic process modeling, and model based control in situations where the development of phenomenological or the empirical models just given either becomes impracti-cal or cumbersome. ANN technology is well suited to solve problems in the mineral industry, and is expected to have a significant impact in many technological areas. Beneficiation plants for beach sand minerals are often very complex in nature with a number of alternative flow sheets are possible for the same mineral sand deposits

Middleware Layer Reliability Assessment in Multi Cloud Computing System

Enterprises are majorly adopting cloud computing which offers a large pool of services to users. But the capability of cloud computing is limited and some enterprises often require various cloud centers to integrate in order to deliver services to business users. So Multi Cloud Computing System (MCCS) provides integrated services across multiple autonomous clouds. Based on the dynamic parameterization of Virtual Machines (VM) an MCCS platform can build effectively. Thus multiple VMs can collaborate to provide as service with a transparent manner, facilitates a scalable environment, allocate resources dynamically and supports unlimited computing and storage service capabilities. Thus VM plays an important role in MCCS. This paper focuses on middleware layer and proposes framework for reliability assessment mechanism of middleware layer of MCCS

Molecular and biochemical characterization of a new thermostable bacterial laccase from<i> Meiothermus ruber</i> DSM 1279

A new bacterial laccase gene (mrlac) fromMeiothermus ruberDSM 1279 was successfully overexpressed to produce a laccase (Mrlac) in soluble form inEscherichia coliduring simultaneous overexpression of a chaperone protein (GroEL/ES).</p

Correction for Self-Heating When Using Thermometers as Heaters in Precision Control Applications

In precision control applications, thermometers have temperature-dependent electrical resistance with germanium or other semiconductor material thermistors, diodes, metal film and wire, or carbon film resistors. Because resistance readout requires excitation current flowing through the sensor, there is always ohmic heating that leads to a temperature difference between the sensing element and the monitored object. In this work, a thermistor can be operated as a thermometer and a heater, simultaneously, by continuously measuring the excitation current and the corresponding voltage. This work involves a method of temperature readout where the temperature offset due to self-heating is subtracted exactly

Two-Dimensional FTIR as a Tool to Study the Chemical Interactions within Cellulose-Ionic Liquid Solutions

In this study two-dimensional FTIR analysis was applied to understand the temperature effects on processing cellulose solutions in imidazolium-based ionic liquids. Analysis of the imidazolium ion νC2–H peak revealed hydrogen bonding within cellulose solutions to be dynamic on heating and cooling. The extent of hydrogen bonding was stronger on heating, consistent with greater ion mobility at higher temperature when the ionic liquid network structure is broken. At ambient temperatures a blue shifted νC2–H peak was indicative of greater cation-anion interactions, consistent with the ionic liquid network structure. Both cellulose and water further impact the extent of hydrogen bonding in these solutions. The FTIR spectral changes appeared gradual with temperature and contrast shear induced rheology changes which were observed on heating above 70°C and cooling below 40°C. The influence of cellulose on solution viscosity was not distinguished on initial heating as the ionic liquid network structure dominates rheology behaviour. On cooling, the quantity of cellulose has a greater influence on solution rheology. Outcomes suggest processing cellulose in ionic liquids above 40°C and to reduce the impacts of cation-anion effects and enhance solubilisation, processing should be done at 70°C