New findings on the fungal species Tricholoma matsutake from Ukraine, and revision of its taxonomy and biogeography based on multilocus phylogenetic analyses

Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.Matsutake mushrooms are among the best-known edible wild mushroom taxa worldwide. The representative Tricholoma matsutake is from East Asia and the northern and central regions of Europe. Here, we report the existence of T. matsutake under fir trees in Eastern Europe (i.e., Ukraine), as confirmed by phylogenetic analysis of nine loci on the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. All specimens from Japan, Bhutan, China, North Korea, South Korea, Sweden, Finland, and Ukraine formed a T. matsutake clade according to the phylogeny of the internal transcribed spacer region. The European population of T. matsutake was clustered based on the β2 tubulin gene, with a moderate bootstrap value. In contrast, based on analyses of three loci, i.e., rpb2, tef1, and the β2 tubulin gene, T. matsutake specimens sampled from Bhutan and China belonged to a clade independent of the other specimens of this species, implying a genetically isolated population. As biologically available type specimens of T. matsutake have not been designated since its description as a new species from Japan in 1925, we established an epitype of this fungus, sampled in a Pinus densiflora forest in Nagano, Japan.Peer reviewe

Yenilebilir yabani ektomikorizal bir makrofungus olan Tricholoma anatolicum’un kimyasal kompozisyonu ve besinsel değeri

Bu çalışmada, güneybatı Anadolu’dan toplanan ve yenilebilir yabani bir ektomikorizal makrofungus olan Tricholoma anatolicum’un kimyasal kompozisyonu ve besin değeri analiz edilmiştir. Makrofungusun nem, yağ, protein, kül, toplam karbohidrat içeriği ve mineral kompozisyonu (Fe, Na, K, Zn, Cu, Ca, Cd, Pb) açığa çıkarılmıştır. Mantar örneklerinin enerji değerleri de ayrıca hesaplanmıştır. Analizler makrofungusun üç farklı gelişim evresine (misel, genç şapka ve olgun şapka) ayrı ayrı uygulanmıştır. En yüksek nem ve yağ içerikleri miselde, kül ve karbohidrat içeriği ise genç şapkada tespit edilmiştir. Bunların yanısıra, sodyum miktarı en yüksek olarak miselde ölçülmüştür. Demir en yüksek genç şapkada, çinko, bakır, potasyum ve kalsiyum ise en yüksek miktarlarda olgun şapkada bulunmuştur. Hiçbir örnekte kadmiyum ve kurşun ağır metallarine rastlanmamıştır.The chemical composition and nutritional value of a wild edible ectomycorrhizal mushroom from southwestern Anatolia, Tricholoma anatolicum, were analyzed. Moisture, crude oil, protein, ash, total carbohydrate content, and mineral composition of the mushrooms studied, including Fe, Na, K, Zn, Cu, Ca, Cd, and Pb, were determined. The energy values of the samples were also calculated. The analyses were conducted during the 3 diff erent growing stages of the mushrooms: mycelium, young fruiting bodies, and mature fruiting bodies. The highest values for moisture and crude oil contents were found to be in the mycelium, ash, and carbohydrate content of young fruiting bodies. In addition, Na content was found to be the highest in mycelium. The highest values for Fe were found in the young fruiting bodies, and K, Zn, Cu, and Ca were at their highest values in mature bodies. None of the samples contained heavy metals Cd or Pb

Bazı Makrofungus Türlerine Ait Misellerin Farklı Kültür Ortamlarındaki Gelişim Hızlarının Belirlenmesi

Bu çalısmada Türkiye'nin Akdeniz Bölgesi'nden toplanan 8 farklı makrofungus türüne (Gloeophyllum trabeum, Inocybe flocculosa var. crocifolia, Omphalotus olearius, Postia stiptica, Fomes fomentarius, Meripilus giganteus, Morchella hortensis, Collybia dryophyla) ait misellerin farklı içerikteki besiyerlerinde sergiledikleri büyüme degerleri arastırılmıstır. Besiyeri olarak; Patates Dekstroz Agar (PDA), Hagem ortamı (HO), Minimal ortam (MO) ve Malt Ekstrakt Agar (MEA) kullanılmıstır. Petri kabı içinde bulunan besiyerlerine stok kültürlerden misel asılaması yapılmıs ve belli aralıklar ile koloni çapları ölçülmüstür. Çalısma sonucunda her bir sapkalı mantar türü için farklı büyüme degerleri saptanmıstır

New findings on the fungal species Tricholoma matsutake from Ukraine, and revision of its taxonomy and biogeography based on multilocus phylogenetic analyses

Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.Matsutake mushrooms are among the best-known edible wild mushroom taxa worldwide. The representative Tricholoma matsutake is from East Asia and the northern and central regions of Europe. Here, we report the existence of T. matsutake under fir trees in Eastern Europe (i.e., Ukraine), as confirmed by phylogenetic analysis of nine loci on the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. All specimens from Japan, Bhutan, China, North Korea, South Korea, Sweden, Finland, and Ukraine formed a T. matsutake clade according to the phylogeny of the internal transcribed spacer region. The European population of T. matsutake was clustered based on the β2 tubulin gene, with a moderate bootstrap value. In contrast, based on analyses of three loci, i.e., rpb2, tef1, and the β2 tubulin gene, T. matsutake specimens sampled from Bhutan and China belonged to a clade independent of the other specimens of this species, implying a genetically isolated population. As biologically available type specimens of T. matsutake have not been designated since its description as a new species from Japan in 1925, we established an epitype of this fungus, sampled in a Pinus densiflora forest in Nagano, Japan.Peer reviewe