Investigation of the ecotoxicologic effect of pesticide industry wastewater on the pancreas and liver of rats

In this study, when the raw wastewater, which resulted from the manufacturing of 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) dimethylamine salt and 2,4-D acid isooctylester herbicides in the factory, was discharged to the ecosystem without treatment, its ecotoxic effect on the pancreas and liver of rats was investigated. In this research, 16 Wistar Albino race male rats were grouped into two (Group 1- control, n = 8; Group 2- wastewater, n = 8) and were then used. The rats in Group 1 were fed by standard feed, while rats in Group 2 were fed by a diet including 200 mg/kg/day factory composite raw wastewater for 16 weeks, and dissection was carried out for all of them. In the research, it was determined that the body, liver and pancreas weights of rats were decreased when compared to the control group; however, there was no significant statistical difference (P > 0.05) between the twogroups. In the histopathological investigation, on the other hand, it was determined that atypical cell focuses (ACF) (neoplastic variations) were observed in the liver and pancreas of rats in Group 2 and the quantitative analysis of the ACF was performed. In the livers of rats in Group 2, dilation in sinusoids close to the vein centralis and hydropic degeneration in parenchyma were observed when compared to the control group. Since there is a possibility that the neoplastic variations caused by this wastewater could be transformed into adenoma or carcinoma during long-term treatment, it also seems possible that it could be carcinogenic.Key words: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), herbicide, wastewater, atypical cell focuses, pancreas and liver, ecotoxic effect

Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions with natural olive pomace modified with ultrasounds and acid

Removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution by raw olive pomace (ROP) which is a waste of industrial olive oil and olive pomace modified with ultrasounds and acid (MOP) has been investigated. It was found that the data for ROP and MOP were well fit to the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 equal to 0.864 and 0.834, respectively). As a result; it was determined that raw olive pomace can be used for the removal of methylene blue dye (KF = 10.08 mg/g(dm3/mg)1/n) and modified olive pomace had high adsorption capacity for MB (KF = 73.08 mg/g(dm3/mg)1/n)

Adsorption kinetics of methylene blue removal from aqueous solutions using potassium hydroxide (KOH) modified apricot kernel shells

Namal, Osman Onder/0000-0002-3182-4788WOS: 000482674100001In this study, the adsorption kinetics of methylene blue (MB) with potassium hydroxide (KOH) modified apricot kernel shells were investigated. It was observed that the surface acidity decreased the result of the oxidation carboxylic groups after basic treatment. According to obtained values from kinetic studies, the required time to reach equilibrium is about 240 minutes. The rate-limiting step was found as chemisorption and the pore diffusion is not only rate-limiting step on the adsorption process. The adsorption process was best described by the Langmuir isotherm model and obtained q(m) value is 33.67 mg/g at 25 degrees C temperature. The adsorption took place as endothermic (Delta H = 27.92 kj/mol). Adsorption capacity increased considerably depending on increasing pH. Optimum agitation speed was determined as 250 rpm

Removal of Cr(VI) using a novel adsorbent modification. Ultrasonic method with apricot kernel shells

Raw apricot kernel shells (AKS) and ultrasound-modified apricot kernel shells were used as adsorbents for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. For raw and modified AKS, the experimental data well fitted to the Langmuir isotherm and adsorption kinetics was suited to pseudo-second order kinetic model indicating chemisorption as the rate-limiting step. For raw and modified AKS, maximum adsorption capacities obtained from the Langmuir adsorption model were 6.5 mg/g and 9.9 mg/g, respectively. Maximum Cr(VI) adsorption was obtained at a pH 2 and optimum stirring speed was determined as 250 rpm. After ultrasound modification, an increase for Cr(VI) adsorption was observed. Raw AKS as low-cost natural biomaterial can be preferred for the removal of Cr(VI) when compared to other adsorbents. Ultrasonic modification can be used to improve the efficiency of Cr(VI) removal

Evaluation of irrigation water quality of aksaray region by using geographic information system

In this study, the quality of irrigation water was determined in Aksaray region which is one of the most important agricultural lands of Turkey, the facts causing pollution were specified and the precautions that should be taken were discussed. Within the scope of this study, 38 samples were taken from the water of 24 wells, 4 dams, 9 ponds and 1 source water. In order to use the data more effectively, irrigation water quality index map of Aksaray region including the results of the samples (EC, SAR, B, Cl-, NO3-, HCO3- and pH) was prepared by using Geographic Information System (GIS). According to irrigation water quality index map, all surface water sources were found to be suitable for irrigation with high and medium irrigation water quality index. EC, SAR, Cl, HCO3 values were found as high in Aci{dotless}pi{dotless}nar well and Aratol well regions whereas EC and Cl values were high in Taspi{dotless}nar well region. It was determined that underground water sources have low irrigation water quality index value along in the range of Taspi{dotless}nar region and Tuz Lake whereas they have generally medium irrigation water quality index value. The soil being heavy-texture and salty structure in the region and the level of ground water being high were caused by lack of adequate drainage system. For this reason, good and adequate drainage system should be configured in order to provide no increase in salt accumulation in the soil, to get an opportunity for more appropriate land use and to increase the yield per unit area