Comparative catching efficiency of traditional prawn fishing gears in Pulicat lake of Tamil Nadu, India

303-310Prawn fishery in Pulicat Lake has a significant role in livelihood of the fishers, which is being harvested through different fishing gears. Here, we investigated the prawn-fishing gear and their catch composition. The information on various aspect about the gears was collected from the 48 respondents each month through pre-designed interview schedule by adopting random sampling. Results revealed that the quantity of prawn were higher in stake net (209.83 kg), followed by barriers (118.58 kg), drive-in-net (55.58 kg) tangle net (18.25 kg) and was statically significant at 5 %. It was estimated that more than half (52.16 %) of the total prawn catch in Pulicat Lake was obtained through stake net than the barriers (29.48 %), drive-in-net (13.82 %) and tangle net (4.54 %). The maximum quantity of prawn was obtained during the November and December in all the prawn-fishing gear (p < 0.05). This study concludes that non-selective fishing gears resulted in the abundant catch of juvenile fishes and crabs, need to be regulated mesh size, to support the conservation and sustainable harvest of the fishery resources in Pulicat Lake

Economics and marketing of dry fish production in Thoothukudi District, Tamil Nadu, India

The present study attempted to evaluate the economics and marketing of dry fish production in Thoothukudi District of Tamil Nadu, India. The information on various aspects of the dry fish enterprise was collected through random sampling of 29 dry fish producers in a pre-structured interview schedule. The results indicated that 50% of the total dry fish produced (in terms of quantity) was contributed by sardines and anchovies. However, seer fishes fetched a premium market price of ₹550 kg-1 followed by carangids (₹125 kg-1) and belonids (₹115 kg-1). Dry fish production was found to be a profitable business with an internal rate of returns (IRR) of 75% and simple rate of returns (SRR) of 43.48% respectively with a net profit margin of ₹2258.83 week-1. The study also suggests that the dry fishes reached the consumers by way of three marketing channel viz., channel 1 (producer to consumer) channel 2 (producer, middleman and consumer) and channel 3 (producer, wholesaler, middleman and consumer). Channel 1 was found the most efficient marketing channel over channel 2. The cost of raw materials, transportation, packaging and marketing margin were found to be the key factors that influences and decides the income of the dry fish producers and all the factors exhibited statistical significance at 0.05 level

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Not AvailableBetter management practices (BMPs) for shrimp farming are a standardized set of farming practices to ensure the environmental and financial sustainability of shrimp farming systems. Uniform implementation of the BMPs poses a challenge if most of the shrimp farms in a given region are small (<2 ha). The adoption of BMPs and the associated economics were studied in two districts of Andhra Pradesh, the state that leads India's shrimp production. The overall rate of adoption was approximately 73%. Using factor analysis, all the partly adopted BMPs were categorized into six thematic factors: optimized input supply, improved management practices, routine maintenance, social responsibility, group approach, and culture-system-related and other practices. The ordinary least square regression model explained the factors that influenced the decision to adopt a given practice. These factors included key socio-economic variables such as age, education, and membership of farmers associations. Partial budget analysis revealed that adopting all the recommended BMPs in full would decrease the net returns from each crop by 16.6%. Although adopting the BMPs is voluntary, the practices crucial to the success of a crop were adopted by all the farmers (almost as if it were mandatory to adopt them), whereas those that involved significant costs were left out. Although small farmers can be persuaded to adopt the BMPs through awareness programmes, upgrading their holdings to a size at which a standardized farming system is feasible needs substantial investment. The governments of shrimp-exporting nations should improve their regulatory structure to embrace an inclusive governance model involving all the key actors in the value chain to make the small scale shrimp farming sustainable. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Department of Science and Technology's INSPIRE fellowship by the Government of IndiaFulbright-Nehru Doctoral Research Fellowship, United States India Education Foundation, Department of State Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, United States of Americ

PC-based on-line signal analysis for voltammogram

Recording and analysis of low frequency signal is typically used in electrochemical experiments such as cyclic voltammetry, coulometry etc. In all these experiments a pair of variables, such as voltage and current (cyclic voltammetry) or variation of a single variable with time or a change or decay with time (coulometry) is typically to be recorded for subsequent analysis. The use of a PC for recording and processing of low frequency signal is presented in this pape

Economic analysis of marine fishing crafts in Thoothukudi province, Tamil Nadu

653-659Marine fisheries contribute considerably to the national economy. Fastest growth rate has observed in marine fish production; is attributed equipment modernization in fishing crafts and advancement of fishing technology. Even though, same level of inputs are exerted; there is a discrepancy in their economic performance and efficiency. Therefore, present study was carried out to analyse the inputs use which will give maximum optimal output. The primary data was collected from the 40 respondents from each sector namely mechanized, motorized and traditional, using a pre-tested interview schedule. The stepwise multiple regression approach was performed to find out the most influential variables in each kinds of the fishing crafts. The mechanized crafts have the greater net profit (₹ 9.12 lakhs) and financial performance (58%) than those of the motorized and traditional crafts. The annual fishing days, labour wages and fuel were positively influenced gross revenue of the all the fishing crafts

Economic analysis of marine fishing crafts in Thoothukudi province, Tamil Nadu

Marine fisheries contribute considerably to the national economy. Fastest growth rate has observed in marine fish production; is attributed equipment modernization in fishing crafts and advancement of fishing technology. Even though, same level of inputs are exerted; there is a discrepancy in their economic performance and efficiency. Therefore, present study was carried out to analyse the inputs use which will give maximum optimal output. The primary data was collected from the 40 respondents from each sector namely mechanized, motorized and traditional, using a pre-tested interview schedule. The stepwise multiple regression approach was performed to find out the most influential variables in each kinds of the fishing crafts. The mechanized crafts have the greater net profit (₹ 9.12 lakhs) and financial performance (58%) than those of the motorized and traditional crafts. The annual fishing days, labour wages and fuel were positively influenced gross revenue of the all the fishing crafts

Synthesis, Characterization and Application of SnO₂@rGO Nanocomposite for Selective Catalytic Reduction of Exhaust Emission in Internal Combustion Engines

In this experimental investigation, a procreation approach was used to produce a catalyst based on SnO2@rGO nanocomposite for use in a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system. Plastic waste oil is one such alternative that helps to ensure the survival of fossil fuels and also lessens the negative impacts of improper waste disposal. The SnO2@rGO nanocomposite was prepared by fine dispersion of SnO2 nanoparticles on monolayer-dispersed reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and carefully investigated for its potential in adsorbing CO, CO2, NOX, and hydrocarbon (HC). The as-synthesized SnO2@rGO nanocomposite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and surface area analyses. Then, the impact of catalysts inside the exhaust engine system was evaluated in a realistic setting with a single-cylinder, direct-injection diesel engine. As a result, the catalysts reduced harmful pollution emissions while marginally increasing brake-specific fuel consumption. The nanocomposite was shown to exhibit higher NOX adsorption efficiencies when working with different toxic gases. Maximum reductions in the emission of NOX, hydrocarbons, and CO were achieved at a rate of 78%, 62%, and 15%, respectively. These harmful pollutants were adsorbed on the active sites of catalyst and are converted to useful fuel gases through catalytic reduction thereby hindering the trajectory of global warming

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Not AvailableMarine fisheries contribute considerably to the national economy. Fastest growth rate has observed in marine fish production; is attributed equipment modernization in fishing crafts and advancement of fishing technology. Even though, same level of inputs are exerted; there is a discrepancy in their economic performance and efficiency. Therefore, present study was carried out to analyse the inputs use which will give maximum optimal output. The primary data was collected from the 40 respondents from each sector namely mechanized, motorized and traditional, using a pre-tested interview schedule. The stepwise multiple regression approach was performed to find out the most influential variables in each kinds of the fishing crafts. The mechanized crafts have the greater net profit ((sic) 9.12 lakhs) and financial performance (58%) than those of the motorized and traditional crafts. The annual fishing days, labour wages and fuel were positively influenced gross revenue of the all the fishing crafts.ICAR - Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumba

Impact of covid-19 pandemic on Indian seaweed farming - A case study

Seaweed farming forms a major livelihood activity of the fisherfolk community of the Ramanathapuram district of India, where seaweed farming is done on a commercial scale. Data were collected from all the stakeholders involved in seaweed farming through telephonic survey, following snowball sampling method, to identify the impact of the pandemic and the related lockdown on seaweed farmers. The study found that COVID-19 had severely affected the farming activities, and the supply chain was also disrupted. Results revealed that 38.88 per cent of farmers were not harvested the seaweed on time, leading to massive quantity of seaweed decay and fish grazing which resulted in significant economic loss to farmers. Further, both the COVID-19 and a natural disaster (Amphan cyclone) have shrunk the seaweed production by about 75 per cent in the study area. The frequency of traders visiting to the farming site also reduced owing to fear of getting infection, restriction for travel and social distancing. At present, availability of seedlings has been identified as a major challenge faced to resume the seaweed farming and further availability of quality seed also raised as an issue by the farmers. Women are actively involved in seaweed farming; working hours has been drastically diminished into 2 - 3 h from the average of 8 h day. Seaweed farming dependant household faced major economic challenges. The state fisheries department provided ration and the financial assistance of ₹2,000 to each family. Further it was also noticed that more than 250 fisher women were trained by the state officials about seaweed culture and the trainings will be continued after the COVID-19

Energy efficiency and economics of small-scale fisheries (SSF) in India: A VIKOR based multicriteria decision-making model for sustainable fisheries management

The present study addresses the crucial sustainability concerns in small-scale fisheries (SSF) against the backdrop of escalating anthropogenic activities and climate change impacts on marine fishery and ecosystems. Our study focused on a traditional fishery exploitation area spanning 12,646.12 km2 along the Southwestern Coast of Kerala, India, and explored four widely used fishing gears. We established an integrated decision-making VIKOR framework, and preferential modelling by incorporating techno-economic and environmental aspects to draw the optimal solutions. Leveraging 10 sustainability indicators, the boat seine emerged as the most sustainable gear, showcasing significant profitability (US$ 16,126/year−1 net profit) and remarkable energy efficiency, surpassing gillnetters, longliners, and shore seiners by 8.4, 4.9, and 3.0 times, respectively. The Fuel Use Intensity (FUI) and CO2 emissions analysis (F value = 58.37, P < 0.0001) emphasizes the ecological implications. The developed VIKOR sustainability index, introduced in this study, effectively assesses gear efficiency and sustainability. Further, the study revealed that gear selectivity, technical specifications, and operational trajectories considerably influence the index dynamics. This research aligns with the global commitment to the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries (SSF Guidelines) and contributes scientifically to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). By bridging empirical rigor with international frameworks, the study could aid in sustainable fisheries management and environmental stewardship, deemed essential for the global pursuit of ecological, economic, and social sustainability in small-scale fisheries