Dikiş performansının optimizasyonu için on-line ölçme sisteminin kurulması

In this study, an on-line seam monitoring system has been set up to measure the forces coming out of sewing machine components due to tension of sewing threads and foot presser force in overlock sewing machine. The original presser foot bar has been equipped with strain gauges in order to measure the presser foot force of the machine. Moreover, the original components on the looper threads and the needle thread paths have been replaced with the new ones that are equipped with strain gauges in order to measure the forces generated by the needle thread, upper and lower looper threads. Thus, a system measuring these forces on-line has been established. After, the sewing thread tensions were determined. When the sewing threads pass the thread guide, they will be effected by friction. Therefore, friction forces are considered and in order to see effects of friction, the thread in tension and the thread out tension were determined. Consequently, the sewing thread tensions and the presser foot forces were determined. In this work, the effects of friction and sewing thread's properties on the tensions of the  needle thread, upper and lower looper threads, have been analysed and faults coming out during seam process can be determined through this on-line seam monitoring system. Keywords: On-line seam monitoring system, tensions of sewing threads, friction, overlock sewing machine. Bu çalışmada, dikim işlemi sırasında dinamik iplik gerginlikleri ve baskı ayağı kuvvetini ölçmek için on-line ölçme ve izleme sistemi geliştirilmiştir. Öncelikle, dikiş makinasında orijinal baskı ayağı çubuğuna gerilmeölçerler yerleştirilmiştir. İğne, üst lüper ve alt lüper ipliklerinin geçtiği orjinal iplik kılavuzları çıkarılarak, yerlerine üzerlerine gerilmeölçerler yapıştırılan yeni parçalar takılmıştır. Daha sonra, dikiş ipliklerinde oluşan gerginlik kuvvetleri hesaplanmıştır. Dikiş iplikleri kılavuzlardan geçerken oluşan sürtünmenin etkisini görmek için, dikiş ipliği giriş ve çıkış kuvvetleri bulunmuştur. Çalışmada, sürtünmenin ve dikiş ipliği özelliklerinin dikiş ipliği gerginlikleri üzerine etkisi incelenmiş ve dikim işlemi sırasında oluşan dikiş hatalarının on-line izleme sistemi ile belirlenmesi sağlanmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: On-line dikiş ölçme sistemi, dikiş ipliği gerginlikleri, sürtünme, overlok dikiş makinası.   &nbsp

Chitosan coating on microcapsule treated fabric and its effect on laundering durability

Mikrokapsüller, küçük katı partiküllerinin, sıvı damlacıklarının veya sıvı içinde disperge haldeki katıların üzerine mikron mertebesinde ince bir polimer tabakasının kaplanması vasıtasıyla gerçekleştirilen, mikron düzeyindeki bir paketleme tekniği ile üretilirler. Mikrokapsül ihtiva eden kumaşlar, akıllı kumaşlar olarak adlandırılırlar ve kozmetik, terapi, enerji verici, stres azaltıcı, nemlendirici ve konfor özelliği ayrı ayrı veya bazılarını aynı anda beraberce içerebilmektedirler. Mikrokapsüllerin içindeki aktif maddelerin kullanım sırasında çeşitli şekillerde ve zaman içinde yavaş yavaş salınması ile mikrokapsül uygulanmış kumaşlarda amaçlanan aktif maddelerden uzun süre faydalanabilmek mümkün olmaktadır. Mikrokapsüller kumaştaki liflere kullanılan çok özel binderler vasıtasıyla mükemmel bir şekilde bağlanabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, içinde Myritol 318 (kokonat yağı) ve vitamin E ihtiva eden mikrokapsüller hazırlanmıştır. Fularda emdirme yoluyla, kokonat yağı ve vitamin E içerikli mikrokapsüller %90 poliamid, %10 elastan içeren örme kumaşa tatbik edilmiştir. Üç farklı çapta elde edilen mikrokapsüller, üç farklı reçete ile kumaşa uygulanmıştır. Daha sonra, mikrokapsül tatbik edilmiş kumaş, içerisinde Chitosan laktik asit çözeltisi bulunan fular banyosundan geçirilmiştir. Chitosan çözeltisinden geçirilmiş ve geçirilmemiş mikrokapsül içerikli kumaşlar, elektron mikroskobunda (SEM) ve gazkromotografi altında incelenerek; mikrokapsüllerin yıkama dayanım performansları ve chitosan ile kaplama yapılmış kumaş üzerinde chitosanın yıkama dayanımına olan pozitif etkisi yapılan analizlerin sonuçlarında kendisini göstermiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Mikrokapsül, mikrokapsül büyüklüğü, chitosan kaplama, yıkama dayanımı, elektron mikroskobu,  gazkromatografik analiz.Micro-encapsulation is a micro-packaging technique which traditionally involved the deposition of thin polymer coatings on small particles of solids, droplets of liquids or dispersions of solids in liquids. Microencapsulated fabrics are among the latest generation of fabrics known as intelligent fabrics, taking into account the functions they perform i.e. cosmetic, with a gradual release of active or volatile micro-capsules for cosmetic, therapeutic, energy-boosting, stress-busting, moisturizing or deodorizing, and, climatic fabrics with phase change microcapsules which are heat-regulating. A direct fragrance application on garment may not show durability to repeated laundering. But one can think of encapsulating those fragrance inside a capsule, which, when touched breaks and releases the active material inside. These microcapsules can be bonded very well with fibers via using some special type of binders. The total process of microencapsulation actually covers three separate processes on a time scale. The first process consists of forming a wall around the core material. The second process involves keeping the core inside the wall material so that it does not release. Also, the wall material must prevent the entrance of undesirable materials that may harm the core. And finally, it is necessary to get the core material out beginning at the right time and at the right rate. Since the beginning of the 90's, trade applications of micro-encapsulation in the textile field have appeared. Textile manufacturers show more and more interest in the textile with durable odour or a cosmetic product which is released by the contact with the skin. Therefore, the numbers of the researches in cosmetic effects of clothing textiles have started to get increased. The main reasons why clothing textiles need cosmetic effects are: Body care (not only face and hand care) is one of the major trends in cosmetics. Textiles cover a large part of the body for most of the day, which means a unique opportunity for the convenient transfer of cosmetics to large parts of the body. Continuous release of small doses of cosmetics may be more effective than single applications of large amounts of well-known drugs. Consumers are increasingly interested in and open to textiles with added effects: functional garments are massive trend in textile. On the other side, cosmetic effects of the clothing textile have been facing with some technical challenges in recent years. The main challenges to attach cosmetic ingredients onto textiles are in such a way that They are not destroyed in the finishing process. They remain stable during storage. They are not washed out during further launderings. They are transferred to the skin while the textiles are being worn and can therefore produce real controllable effects. The main technical challenges are the washing permanency and the controlled release properties. In this study, Myritol 318 (coconut oil) and vitamin E mixtured microcapsules were prepared. By using foulard process, coconut oil/ Vitamin E mixtured microcapsules were applied on 30/1 single jersey fabric (90% Polyamide, 10% Lycra), which is 240 g/sqm. Three different recipes were prepared by using three different microcapsule sizes. Furthermore, microcapsule treated fabric passed through the foulard, which had Chitosan lactic acid solution inside. After that, both Chitosan coated and no Chitosan coated fabric were analyzed under SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and under gas-chromatogram to see its laundering durability performance and the positive effect of Chitosan coating on laundering durability were proved after all these analyses. In this study, it was found out that, as studied with many researchers before, Chitosan played an active role to improve laundering durability by creating a kind of second membrane around microcapsules that are located inside of the fabric. By this way, the membrane shell of the capsules were strengthen with this second layer and the release of the myritol 318 coconut oil were slowed down. Therefore, the microcapsule life could have been extended within the fabric during further home laundering cycles. Creating a kind of second layer around the microcapsule wall decreased the risk of the capsule breakage. Capsules which have thinner membrane are normally much more brittle. Keywords: Microcapsule, microcapsule size, Chitosan coating, laundering durability, scanning electron microscopy and gas-chromatographic analysis

Yapıştırılmış Kompozitlerin Ayrılma Mukavemeti ve Eğilme Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

Yapıştırılarak kullanılan telalar, özellikle takım elbise gibi ürünlerin estetik ve performans özelliklerini etkilemeleri sebebiyle son derece önemlidir. Telanın kumaşa yapıştırılmasıyla oluşan ve bu sebeple literatürde yapıştırılmış kompozit olarak nitelendirilen telalı kumaşların iki önemli kalite özelliği, telalı parçaların dayanıklılığının bir göstergesi olan ayrılma (soyulma) mukavemeti ve yapıştırılarak oluşturulmuş parçaların şekil alabilirliğinde etkili olan eğilme rijitliğidir. Bu çalışmada, iki farklı yapışkan tela ile takım elbise imalatında sıklıkla kullanılan biri 120S değerinde olmak üzere altı farklı yün ve yün karışımından mamul kumaştan oluşturulmuş kompozit yapılar bahsi geçen iki kalite özelliğine göre karşılaştırılmakta; farklı performans özellikleri elde edilmesinin sebepleri kumaş konstrüksiyonu ve malzeme özellikleri ile açıklanmaya çalışılmaktadır

Pregled računalniških modelov za simulacijo tekstilij

3D computer technologies are closely linked to all textile fields ranging from the designing and constructing of fabrics and garments, virtual human body presentations, interactive virtual prototyping to virtual fashion shows and e-trading. This paper offers a review of frequently used methods for fabric simulation. The review is divided into two parts. The first part of the paper comprises currently used techniques, followed by the presentation of basic terms and fabric parameters required for fabric simulations. The second part discusses the approaches and methods for constructing computer models of fabrics. In conclusion, the list of used techniques and parameters for defining a computer fabric model are presented together with given future guidance.Računalniške 3D tehnologije so čedalje bolj prisotne na različnih tekstilnih področjih, od konstruiranja in izdelave tkanin in oblačil, virtualne predstavitve človeškega telesa, interaktivnega virtualnega prototipiranja, do virtualnih modnih revij in e-trgovanja. Prispevek podaja pregled pogosteje uporabljenih računalniških metod za simulacijo tekstilij. Razdeljen je na dva dela: v prvem je opisano trenutno stanje uporabe računalniških modelov za simulacijo tekstilij, temu sledi razlaga osnovnih pojmov in potrebnih parametrov za njihovo simulacijo. V drugem delu so predstavljeni pristopi in metode za njihovo izgradnjo. V zaključkih je podan pregled najznačilnejših uporabljenih tehnik in parametrov, potrebnih za definiranje računalniških modelov tekstilij ter smernice nadaljnjega razvoja

The Effect Of Weave Construction On Tear Strength Of Woven Fabrics

The tear strength of a woven fabric is very important, since it is more closely related to serviceability of the fabric. Tearing strength of the fabrics depend on the mobility of the yarn within the fabric structure. In this study, the tearing strength of four types of fabrics warp rib, weft rib, ripstop and plain weave were analysed, which were produced in different densities and with filament and texturised polyester yarns

Munchausen by proxy syndrome: Case report

Çocuğun sağlığının, fiziksel ve psiko-sosyal gelişiminin, bir yetişkin tarafından bilinçli ya da bilinçsiz bir şekilde kötü yönde etkilenmesine sebep olan davranışlar çocuk istismarı olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Çocuk istismarının birçok çeşidi karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bunların içinde Munchausen by proxy sendromu (MPS) da bulunmaktadır. Mortalitelere kadar uzanan ağır bir form olması sebebiyle bu tanıyı alan olgumuzun sunulması planlanmıştır.Behaviors that cause the child's health, physical and psycho-social development to be affected negatively by an adult consciously or unconsciously are defined as child abuse. There are many types of child abuse. Munchausen by proxy syndrome (MPS) is planned to be presented because it is one of the abusive types and it is a severe form that may extend to mortalit

Seam properties of ultrasonic welded multilayered textile materials

This study examined the effects of ultrasonic welding parameters on bond strength, seam thickness and seam stiffness, as well as water permeability. For study purpose, two types of four-layered fabrics with same compositions and different areal densities suitable for inner part of sport shoes were used. Two different types of seams, lapped and superimposed, were applied for ultrasonic welding and also compared by traditional seam applied by shoe manufacturer. The morphology of different type of seams was also analyzed to observe the influence of welding parameters on the layers during the ultrasonic welding process. Bonding strength was found to depend on the seam type and composition of the joined fabric layers. It was confirmed by the shoe manufacturer that all the produced welded seams provided the requested minimum bond strength to be suitable for the use of the shoes. The traditional seams applied by the shoe manufacturer were thicker but had lower stiffness in comparison to all welded seams. It was also found out that ultrasonic welding damaged the membrane, which was confirmed by no water resistance of welded seams. Statistical analysis showed that ultrasonic welding parameters, such as welding frequency and velocity, influence the bond strength, thickness, and bending stiffness of welded seams, but the obtained results were statistically insignificant. © 2015, © The Author(s) 2015