249 research outputs found
Costing of Community Health Service Packages - The Malawi Social Action Fund (MASAF) Experience
No Abstract Malawi Medical Journal Vol. 20 (1) 2008 pp. 7-1
Factors influencing college students' attitudes toward technology
The present study assessed the views of students on school-related determinants with respect to liking or disliking technology. In determining students' views, two self-report instruments, the Classroom Learning Environment Survey (CLES) and Attitudes Toward Science Scale (ATSS) were used. Also, an interview schedule was arranged with a selected group. Participants were 200 first years registered for Diplomas in Primary -, Secondary -, and Technology Education. Results indicated a positive relationship between attitudes towards technology and each of teacher characteristics, student characteristics and the classroom environment. Regression analysis showed that attitudes toward technology were predicted by the three study variables. On the other hand, no statistically significant gender differences were established. Recommendations and suggestions for further research are also advanced.Mathematics, Science and Technology EducationM. Sc. (Technology Education
Low birth weight and fetal anaemia as risk factors for infant morbidity in rural Malawi
Low birth weight (LBW) and fetal anaemia (FA) are common in malaria endemic areas. To investigate the incidence of infectious morbidity in infants in rural Malawi in relation to birth weight and fetal anaemia, a cohort of babies was followed for a year on the basis of LBW
Test offering, not additional information, may increase HIV testing uptake in a knowledgeable population
A CAJM journal article.Objectives: To evaluate patient HIV knowledge and testing experience and assess the effect of an HIV informational handout on HIV testing propensity.
Design: Cross sectional, descriptive techniques were employed to assess demographics, HIV knowledge and HIV testing experience. A randomized controlled trial was performed to determine if an HIV/AIDS information sheet influenced testing propensity.
Setting: Blantyre Adventist Hospital Outpatient Clinic.
Subjects: Non-emergency patients over 18 years old attending during consulting hours.
Interventions: All subjects answered a questionnaire. For the randomized controlled trial component, half received an HIV information handout.
Main Outcome Measures: Proportions were calculated to evaluate testing experience. Logistic regression was used to assess impact of written information and demographics on HIV testing propensity.
Results: 490 participants were recruited, of whom 57% had never been tested for HIV. Of the untested, 88% had never been offered an HIV test. Of those that had never been offered a test, 46% desired one. The sample was highly knowledgeable about HIV. Reading an information sheet had no impact on HIV knowledge (p=0.736 to 0.788) or desire for testing (p=0.387). However, age (OR=0.97,95%CI (0.95,0.99)) and gender (OR=1.85, 95%CI (1.06, 3.23)) significantly correlated with testing propensity.
Conclusions: A large percentage of patients who have never been offered HIV testing desire testing. More frequent HIV test offering by clinicians could improve testing rates. Clinician education programmes should be developed to increase test offering. Furthermore, written health information in a setting of high HIV/AIDS knowledge may not change behaviour. Alternative methods should be employed to encourage HIV testing uptake
Use of indigenous knowledge and traditional practices in fisheries management: a case of Chisi Island, Lake Chilwa, Zomba
This paper presents results of a study, which examined local ecological knowledge and traditional management practices in lake resources management on Chisi Island. A combination of household questionnaires, semi structured interviews with key informants and focus group discussions were used to collect the required data for the study. The paper also includes review of other scientific studies done in the area to validate the survey results. The study found that Chisi inhabitants have developed and maintained some local ecological knowledge and practices that can have significant implications in scientific studies and on the management of lake resources on the Island. The practices included restricted cutting of Typha, fishing and access in sacred sites and conservation of mabawe. These traditional practices encouraged regeneration and sustainable utilisation of fish. The knowledge systems have been conserved and passed on from generation to generation through religious beliefs, taboos and myths. Some indigenous knowledge systems have been eroded over the past years due to changes in social structures, immigration and advent of new religions, adoption of new resource harvesting techniques and changes in life styles. Although these knowledge systems were not specifically meant for conservation of natural resources, the study argues that to achieve sustainable designs or implementation of natural resource management projects, there is need to integrate relevant existing indigenous knowledge systems that promote conservation of resources.Keywords: sustainable utilisation and conservation
Π’Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Sr2FeMoO6-Ξ΄
Polycrystalline Sr2FeMoO6-δ specimens have been obtained by solid state synthesis from partially reduced SrFeO2.52 and SrMoO4 precursors. It has been shown that during oxygen desorption from theΒ Sr2FeMoO6-δ compound in polythermal mode in a 5%H2/Ar gas flow at different heating rates, the oxygen index 6βΞ΄ depends on the heating rate and does not achieve saturation at T = 1420 K. Oxygen diffusion activation energy calculation using the Merzhanov method has shown that at an early stage of oxygen desorption from the Sr2FeMoO6-δ compound the oxygen diffusion activation energy is the lowest ΠΠ° = 76.7 kJ/mole at Ξ΄ = 0.005. With an increase in the concentration of oxygen vacancies, the oxygen diffusion activation energy grows to ΠΠ° = 156.3 kJ/mole at Ξ΄ = 0.06. It has been found that the dΞ΄/dt = f(Π’)Β AND dΞ΄/dt = f(Ξ΄)Β functions have a typical break which allows one to divide oxygen desorption in two process stages. It is hypothesized that an increase in the concentration of oxygen vacanciesΒ V Β·Β· leads to their mutual interaction followed by ordering in the Fe/MoβO1 crystallographic planes with the formation of various types of associations.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² SrFeO2,52 ΠΈ SrMoO4 ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ Sr2FeMoO6-Ξ΄. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Sr2FeMoO6-δ в ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ΅ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ 5%Π2/Ar ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ
Π½Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π²Π° Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Β«6-δ» Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π²Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π’ = 1420 Π Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ· Sr2FeMoO6-dΒ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ° = 76,7 ΠΊΠΠΆ/ΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΒ Ξ΄ = 0,005. ΠΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ° = 156,3 ΠΊΠΠΆ/ΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΒ Ξ΄ = 0,06. ΠΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ dΞ΄/dt = f(Π’) ΠΈ dΞ΄/dt = f(Ξ΄)Β ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π΅ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ. Π‘Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ V Β·Β· ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΡ
Fe/Mo-O1 Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°
- β¦