Efficacy and safety of Danlou tablets in traditional Chinese medicine for coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundDanlou tablets exert auxiliary advantages in treating coronary heart disease (CHD), but a summary of evidence-based proof is lacking. This study aims to systematically evaluate Danlou tablets in treating CHD from two aspects, including efficacy and safety.MethodsBy a thorough retrieval of the four English databases, namely, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science, and the four Chinese databases, namely, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP database, and China Biomedical Literature Service System, we found all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to Danlou tablets in treating CHD. The retrieval time was from the construction of the database to April 2022. We engaged two researchers to screen the studies, extract the required data, and assess the risk of bias. We then used RevMan5.3 and STATA.14 software to conduct a meta-analysis. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to evaluate the quality of outcome indicators.ResultsSeventeen RCTs involving 1,588 patients were included. The meta-analysis results are displayed as follows: clinical treatment effect [risk ratio (RR) = 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16, 1.28, P < 0.00001], angina pectoris duration [MD = −0.2.15, 95% CI: −2.91, −1.04, P < 0.00001], angina pectoris frequency [standard mean difference (SMD) = −2.48, 95% CI: −3.42, −1.54, P < 0.00001], angina pectoris degree [SMD = −0.96, 95% CI: −1.39, −0.53, P < 0.0001], TC [MD = −0.71, 95% CI: −0.92, −0.51, P < 0.00001], TG [MD = −0.38, 95% CI: −0.53, −0.22, P < 0.00001], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [MD = −0.64, 95% CI: −0.76, −0.51, P < 0.00001], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [MD = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.21, P < 0.00001], and adverse events [RR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.24, 0.88, P = 0.02].ConclusionThe current evidence suggests that the combination of Danlou tablets and Western medicine can enhance the efficacy of CHD and does not increase adverse events. However, because of the limited number and quality of the included studies, the results of our study should be treated with caution. Further large-scale RCTs are necessary to verify the benefits of this approach

Diagnosis and segmentation effect of the ME-NBI-based deep learning model on gastric neoplasms in patients with suspected superficial lesions - a multicenter study

BackgroundEndoscopically visible gastric neoplastic lesions (GNLs), including early gastric cancer and intraepithelial neoplasia, should be accurately diagnosed and promptly treated. However, a high rate of missed diagnosis of GNLs contributes to the potential risk of the progression of gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to develop a deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for the diagnosis and segmentation of GNLs under magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI) in patients with suspected superficial lesions.MethodsME-NBI images of patients with GNLs in two centers were retrospectively analysed. Two convolutional neural network (CNN) modules were developed and trained on these images. CNN1 was trained to diagnose GNLs, and CNN2 was trained for segmentation. An additional internal test set and an external test set from another center were used to evaluate the diagnosis and segmentation performance.ResultsCNN1 showed a diagnostic performance with an accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 90.8%, 92.5%, 89.0%, 89.4% and 92.2%, respectively, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.928 in the internal test set. With CNN1 assistance, all endoscopists had a higher accuracy than for an independent diagnosis. The average intersection over union (IOU) between CNN2 and the ground truth was 0.5837, with a precision, recall and the Dice coefficient of 0.776, 0.983 and 0.867, respectively.ConclusionsThis CAD system can be used as an auxiliary tool to diagnose and segment GNLs, assisting endoscopists in more accurately diagnosing GNLs and delineating their extent to improve the positive rate of lesion biopsy and ensure the integrity of endoscopic resection

Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A) and its receptor VEGFR-1 in localized prostate cancer

Ce travail a analysé l’expression du facteur de croissance angiogénique, le VEGF-A, et de son récepteur VEGFR-1, dans le cancer prostatique localisé. Dans la première partie, nous avons mesuré le taux plasmatique de VEGF-A chez 100 patients opérés d’un cancer prostatique localisé. Nous avons également mesuré l’expression tissulaire du VEGF-A sur les pièces opératoires. Il n’y avait pas d’association entre le VEGF-A plasmatique et les facteurs pronostiques du cancer prostatique. Cependant, l’expression du VEGF-A était corrélée au score de Gleason (p=0,01). Dans la deuxième partie, la même cohorte de patients a été utilisée. L’expression tissulaire du VEGFR-1 a également été mesurée. Les patients ont été suivis avec des dosages réguliers du PSA. Durant le suivi, 14 patients ont eu une récidive biologique. Ni le taux plasmatique de VEGF-A (p=0,25), ni l’expression tissulaire du VEGF-A (p=0,38), ni l’expression tissulaire du VEGFR-1 (p=0,34) n’étaient associés au risque de récidive biologique. Dans la troisième partie, nous avons mesuré l’expression tissulaire du VEGF-A et du VEGFR-1 sur les pièces opératoires de 40 patients opérés d’un cancer prostatique localisé. L’expression tissulaire du VEGF-A était significativement plus importante chez les patients ayant eu une progression tumorale après l’intervention que chez les patients n’ayant pas récidivé (p=0,046). En revanche, celle du VEGFR-1 était identique dans les deux groupes. L’expression tissulaire du VEGF-A était le facteur prédictif de progression tumorale le plus significatif.This study analysed the expression of angiogenic growth factor, VEGF-A and its receptor, VEGFR-1 in localized prostate cancer. In the first part, we measured the plasma levels of VEGF-A in 100 patients operated with radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer. We also measured the tissue expression of VEGF-A using ELISA on the surgical specimen. There were no associations between plasma levels of VEGF-A and the usual prognostic factors of prostate cancer. However, the tissue expression of VEGF-A correlated with Gleason score (P = 0.01). In the second part, we used the same patients group. Patients were prospectively followed with regular PSA determinations.14 patients had a biochemical recurrence. Neither plasma level of VEGF-A (P =0.25) nor tissue expression of VEGF–A (P=0.38) and its receptor VEGFR–1 (p=0,34) were associated with the risk of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Finally, we measured the tissue expression of VEGF-A and VEGFR-1 on the surgical specimens of 40 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer. The tissue expression of VEGF-A in patients who experienced progression was significantly higher than in those who remained free of recurrence (P=0.046). However, the expression of VEGFR-1 was similar in both groups. In logistic analysis, the expression of VEGF-A was the most significant predictor of tumor progression. These results suggest that the tissue expression of VEGF-A has a prognostic impact in clinically localized prostate cancer

Rôle du Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A) et de son récepteur VEGFR-1 dans le cancer prostatique localisé

Ce travail a analysé l expression du facteur de croissance angiogénique, le VEGF-A, et de son récepteur VEGFR-1, dans le cancer prostatique localisé. Dans la première partie, nous avons mesuré le taux plasmatique de VEGF-A chez 100 patients opérés d un cancer prostatique localisé. Nous avons également mesuré l expression tissulaire du VEGF-A sur les pièces opératoires. Il n y avait pas d association entre le VEGF-A plasmatique et les facteurs pronostiques du cancer prostatique. Cependant, l expression du VEGF-A était corrélée au score de Gleason (p=0,01). Dans la deuxième partie, la même cohorte de patients a été utilisée. L expression tissulaire du VEGFR-1 a également été mesurée. Les patients ont été suivis avec des dosages réguliers du PSA. Durant le suivi, 14 patients ont eu une récidive biologique. Ni le taux plasmatique de VEGF-A (p=0,25), ni l expression tissulaire du VEGF-A (p=0,38), ni l expression tissulaire du VEGFR-1 (p=0,34) n étaient associés au risque de récidive biologique. Dans la troisième partie, nous avons mesuré l expression tissulaire du VEGF-A et du VEGFR-1 sur les pièces opératoires de 40 patients opérés d un cancer prostatique localisé. L expression tissulaire du VEGF-A était significativement plus importante chez les patients ayant eu une progression tumorale après l intervention que chez les patients n ayant pas récidivé (p=0,046). En revanche, celle du VEGFR-1 était identique dans les deux groupes. L expression tissulaire du VEGF-A était le facteur prédictif de progression tumorale le plus significatif.This study analysed the expression of angiogenic growth factor, VEGF-A and its receptor, VEGFR-1 in localized prostate cancer. In the first part, we measured the plasma levels of VEGF-A in 100 patients operated with radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer. We also measured the tissue expression of VEGF-A using ELISA on the surgical specimen. There were no associations between plasma levels of VEGF-A and the usual prognostic factors of prostate cancer. However, the tissue expression of VEGF-A correlated with Gleason score (P = 0.01). In the second part, we used the same patients group. Patients were prospectively followed with regular PSA determinations.14 patients had a biochemical recurrence. Neither plasma level of VEGF-A (P =0.25) nor tissue expression of VEGF A (P=0.38) and its receptor VEGFR 1 (p=0,34) were associated with the risk of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Finally, we measured the tissue expression of VEGF-A and VEGFR-1 on the surgical specimens of 40 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer. The tissue expression of VEGF-A in patients who experienced progression was significantly higher than in those who remained free of recurrence (P=0.046). However, the expression of VEGFR-1 was similar in both groups. In logistic analysis, the expression of VEGF-A was the most significant predictor of tumor progression. These results suggest that the tissue expression of VEGF-A has a prognostic impact in clinically localized prostate cancer.PARIS-EST-Université (770839901) / SudocPARIS12-Bib. électronique (940280011) / SudocSudocFranceF

Pricing of Two Kinds of Power Options under Fractional Brownian Motion, Stochastic Rate, and Jump-Diffusion Models

Option pricing is always one of the critical issues in financial mathematics and economics. Brownian motion is the basic hypothesis of option pricing model, which questions the fractional property of stock price. In this paper, under the assumption that the exchange rate follows the extended Vasicek model, we obtain the closed form of the pricing formulas for two kinds of power options under fractional Brownian Motion (FBM) jump-diffusion models

Efficacy and safety of Kanglaite injection combined with chemotherapy for colorectal cancer: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background: The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer are high. Chemotherapy is currently the commonly used therapeutic scheme, but there are drug resistance and toxic and side effects. Kanglaite(KLT) injection is a broad-spectrum anticancer drug extracted from Semen Coicis(Yi Yi Ren), which has been widely used in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Clinical practice shows that KLT injection combined with chemotherapy has certain therapeutic advantages, but there is a lacking of evidence of evidence-based medicine. The purpose of this study is to systematically investigate the efficacy and safety of KLT injection combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Methods: Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of KLT injection combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of colorectal cancer were retrieved from English databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library) and Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Wanfang, Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, Chinese Biological and Medical database (CMB)) ,as well as searching Baidu academic and Google academic manually, and the retrieval time was from their establishment to August 2020. Two researchers independently conducted data extraction and literature quality evaluation on the quality of the included literatures, and meta-analysis was conducted on the included literatures using RevMan5.3 software. Results: This study assessed the efficacy and safety of Kanglaite injection combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of colorectal cancer by effective rate, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), Carcinoemybryonic Angtigen (CEA) remission rate, pain remission rate and incidence of adverse reactions etc. Conclusions: This study will provide reliable evidence-based evidence for the clinical application of Kanglaite injection combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of colorectal cancer

10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may improve cognitive function: An exploratory study of schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations

Objectives: Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations is more prominent compared to those without. Our study aimed to investigate the cognitive improvement effects of 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in schizophrenia with auditory hallucinations. Methods: A total of 60 schizophrenic patients with auditory hallucinations in this study were randomly assigned to sham or active group. Both groups received 10 Hz or sham rTMS targeted in left DLPFC for 20 sessions. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Auditory Hallucination Rating Scale (AHRS), the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), and the Udvalg for Kliniske Under-sogelser (UKU) side effect scale were used to measure psychiatric symptoms, auditory hallucinations, cognition, and side reaction, respectively. Results: Our results indicated that the active group experienced greater improvements in RBANS-total score (P = 0.043) and immediate memory subscale score (P = 0.001). Additionally, the PANSS-total score, negative and positive subscale score were obviously lower in the active group compared to the sham group (all P < 0.050). Furthermore, our study found that the improvement of RBANS-total score was positively associated with the decline of positive factor score, and the improvement of language score in RBANS was positively associated with the reduction in PANSS-total scale, negative and positive subscale score in the real stimulation group (all P < 0.050). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that a four-week intervention of 10 Hz rTMS over the left DLPFC can improve cognition (particularly immediate memory) among schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations. Future studies with larger sample size are needful to verify our preliminary findings

Melatonin Engineering M2 Macrophage‐Derived Exosomes Mediate Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Immune Reprogramming for Periodontitis Therapy

Abstract Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease caused by bacterial irritation. As an essential component of the host immunity, macrophages are highly plastic and play a crucial role in inflammatory response. An appropriate and timely transition from proinflammatory (M1) to anti‐inflammatory (M2) macrophages is indispensable for treating periodontitis. As M2 macrophage‐derived exosomes (M2‐exos) can actively target inflammatory sites and modulate immune microenvironments, M2‐exos can effectively treat periodontitis. Excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) and unfolded protein response (UPR) are highly destructive pathological characteristics during inflammatory periodontal bone loss. Although melatonin has antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects, studies focusing on melatonin ER stress modulation remain limited. This study fabricates engineered M2‐exos loading with melatonin (Mel@M2‐exos) for treating periodontitis. As a result, M2‐exos drive an appropriate and timely macrophage reprogramming from M1 to M2 type, which resolves chronic inflammation and accelerated periodontal healing. Melatonin released from Mel@M2‐exos rescues the osteogenic and cementogenic differentiation capacity in inflammatory human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) by reducing excessive ER stress and UPR. Injectable gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels with sustained‐release Mel@M2‐exos accelerate periodontal bone regeneration in rats with ligation‐induced periodontitis. Taken together, melatonin engineering M2 macrophage‐derived exosomes are promising candidates for inflammatory periodontal tissue regeneration