Ausgewählte chemische Reaktionen mit plasmachemisch angeregtem Stickstoff

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Impact of life-threatening military incidents during deployments abroad on the relationships between military personnel and their families

INTRODUCTION: The influence of deployments on family relationships has hardly been investigated. Following a recently proposed new research strategy, military personnel with and without deployment-related life-threatening military incidents during deployment were compared. The hypothesis was that partner and family relationships of military personnel who experienced such an event would deteriorate more.METHODS: This study included N = 255 military personnel who had a romantic partner ( n = 78 of them had children) when deployed to Afghanistan. Of these, n = 68 military personnel experienced a deployment-related critical event during the deployment, n = 187 did not. Partnership quality was assessed using a semi-structured pre- and post-deployment interview. RESULTS: The partner relationships of military personnel who experienced a deployment-related life-threatening military incident during deployment broke up significantly more often. The partner relationships of all military personnel deteriorated significantly, with greater deterioration after deployment in the group who faced such incidents. These results were independent of age, rank or number of previous deployments. In addition, there was a significant deterioration in the relationships between all military personnel and their children with greater deterioration after deployment in the group who faced such incidents.CONCLUSION: Life-threatening military incidents during a deployment abroad appear to have a considerable influence on the quality and stability of the partner and family relationships of military personnel. These findings can be used to inform the development of specific pre- and post-deployment measures and training.</p

Prospective on Automation for Omnichannel Services and the Need for New Robotic Solutions for Store Fulfillment Operations

As businesses offer omnichannel services, such as buy-online-pickup-in-store, more logistical processes need to be conducted within or close to a retail environment. For retailers who adopt a store fulfillment concept, order picking for online orders is conducted inside a store environment and is in addition to the logistic processes required to support in-store customer requests. A store fulfillment approach has the advantage of enabling inventory, labor, infrastructure, and automation to be pooled for online orders, in-store customers, and return processing. Yet, the design and operation of logistical tasks completed in a retail environment is more challenging and requires considering the salient features that vary from a distribution environment. This work provides an overview of omnichannel logistical processes and connects their unique features to open challenges in automating these processes. A benchmarking and classification study describes the state of the practice in 2022 in automated picking solutions. We find that the current market for automated picking solutions that could support a microfulfillment strategy is more mature than solutions that could support a store fulfillment strategy. We identify a set of design and technical requirements for an automated picking solution deployed in a retail environment to support store fulfillment. Moveable robotic piece-level picking solutions need to become more flexible so that they can accommodate different item types, store shelf designs, facility layouts, logistical tasks, and human interactions, as well as more agile so they can robustly operate in uncertain and new environments

Confirmatory factor analysis of the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS-5) based on DSM-5 vs. ICD-11 criteria

Introduction Many studies have investigated the latent structure of the DSM-5 criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, most research on this topic was based on self-report data. We aimed to investigate the latent structure of PTSD based on a clinical interview, the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS-5). Method A clinical sample of 345 participants took part in this multi-centre study. Participants were assessed with the CAPS-5 and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5). We evaluated eight competing models of DSM-5 PTSD symptoms and three competing models of ICD-11 PTSD symptoms. Results The internal consistency of the CAPS-5 was replicated. In CFAs, the Anhedonia model emerged as the best fitting model within all tested DSM-5 models. However, when compared with the Anhedonia model, the non-nested ICD-11 model as a less complex three-factor solution showed better model fit indices. Discussion We discuss the findings in the context of earlier empirical findings as well as theoretical models of PTSD

changes in PTSD prevalence in military personnel

Background: Recently, changes have been introduced to the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Objectives: This study investigated the effect of the diagnostic changes made from DSM-IV to DSM-5 and from ICD-10 to the proposed ICD-11. The concordance of provisional PTSD prevalence between the diagnostic criteria was examined in a convenience sample of 100 members of the German Armed Forces. Method: Based on questionnaire measurements, provisional PTSD prevalence was assessed according to DSM-IV, DSM-5, ICD-10, and proposed ICD-11 criteria. Consistency of the diagnostic status across the diagnostic systems was statistically evaluated. Results: Provisional PTSD prevalence was the same for DSM-IV and DSM-5 (both 56%) and comparable under DSM-5 versus ICD-11 proposal (48%). Agreement between DSM-IV and DSM-5, and between DSM-5 and the proposed ICD-11, was high (both p < .001). Provisional PTSD prevalence was significantly increased under ICD-11 proposal compared to ICD-10 (30%) which was mainly due to the deletion of the time criterion. Agreement between ICD-10 and the proposed ICD-11 was low (p = .014). Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence for a satisfactory concordance between provisional PTSD prevalence based on the diagnostic criteria for PTSD that are defined using DSM-IV, DSM-5, and proposed ICD-11. This supports the assumption of a set of PTSD core symptoms as suggested in the ICD-11 proposal, when at the same time a satisfactory concordance between ICD-11 proposal and DSM was given. The finding of increased provisional PTSD prevalence under ICD-11 proposal in contrast to ICD-10 can be of guidance for future epidemiological research on PTSD prevalence, especially concerning further investigations on the impact, appropriateness, and usefulness of the time criterion included in ICD-10 versus the consequences of its deletion as proposed for ICD-11

Разработка элементов устройства переработки отходов деревообрабатывающих пунктов

Объектом исследования является устройство переработки отходов деревообрабатывающих пунктов. Целью работы является проектирование приемного бункера и его опоры, механизма подачи древесины в зону распиловки, а также разработка системы управления устройством. В процессе работы был разработан следующий графический материал: чертеж конструкции приемного бункера, чертеж конструкции опоры приемного бункера, чертеж конструкции механизма подачи древесины в зону распиловки, блок-схема алгоритма работы системы управления, схема электрическая принципиальная системы управления, схема монтажная соединений системы управления.Object of a research is the device of processing of waste of woodworking points. The purpose of work is design of the receiving bin and its support, the wood feeder in a sawing up zone, and also development of the control system of the device. In the course of work the following graphic material has been developed: the drawing of a design of the receiving bin, the drawing of a design of a support of the receiving bin, the drawing of a design of the feeder of wood in a sawing up zone, the block diagram of a work algorithm of a control system, the basic electric circuit of a control system, the assembly diagram of connections of a control system

Ultrathin Solar Cell With Magnesium-Based Optical Switching for Window Applications

Photovoltaic windows that can be switched between transparent and energy harvesting mode can be realized by using ultrathin solar absorbers embedded in an optical nanocavity. In the present work, we use a 5 nm thick amorphous germanium absorber integrated in a magnesium-based thin film optical cavity, which switches from an absorptive to a transparent state due to hydrogen absorption. We analyze the influence of the mirror layer thickness on the light absorption, photocurrent generation, and transmission as well as color neutrality of the device. The optical properties are studied by 1-D transfer-matrix method by changing Mg thickness between 0 and 100 nm, then compared to the experimental results of fabricated devices. When the thickness of Mg increases, the switchable average transparency varies between 25% and 0%, while the power conversion efficiency rises up to 2.3%. The applicability of the device is tested by modeling the annual power generation in realistic scenarios. The influence of the cardinal orientation and the seasons on the switchable photovoltaic window implemented in a building facade with the abovementioned parameters is analyzed for different switching scenarios

Prospective evaluation of hydroxychloroquine in pediatric interstitial lung diseases

Background: Interstitial lung diseases in children (chILD) are rare and consist of many different entities that affect the parenchyma of the lungs, leading to a chronic lung disease. The natural course of many of these diseases is connected with a high morbidity and significant mortality. Symptomatic treatment consists of oxygen supplementation, adequate nutrition adapted to the high energy demand generated by the disease due to the increased breathing effort required, as well as immunization against respiratory pathogens to prevent exacerbations through respiratory infections. No proven pharmacological treatments are available to date. This placebo-controlled study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the mid-term use of hydroxychloroquine in chILD. Methods and design: The study is an explorative, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in chILD. Patients can be included into the trial when diagnosed with a chronic (≥ 3 weeks' duration) diffuse parenchymal lung disease (chILD) (1) genetically defined, (2) histologically defined or (3) diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage (hemosiderosis). The study contains of two different study blocks, a START and a STOP block, which can be initiated in any sequence. Each patient can participate in each block only once. In the START block subjects are randomized to parallel groups for 4 weeks treatment, then the placebo group is switched to the active drug. In the STOP block, subjects taking HCQ are randomized into parallel groups treated with placebo or HCQ. Discussion: This study is the first international, investigator-initiated, prospective and controlled investigation of a pharmacological treatment in chILD. The block design was selected as it has the advantage of accommodating patients who are initiating or withdrawing from HCQ therapy, thus allowing the participation of those who were previously started on off-label HCQ. The cross-over design and selected outcome parameters enables us to include appropriate numbers of patients of all age groups from neonates to adults suffering from these rare diseases. Trial registration: This is an exploratory, Phase 2a, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multinational study investigating the initiation or withdrawal of hydroxychloroquine in subjects with chILD. Study title: Hydroxychloroquine in pediatric ILD: START randomized controlled in parallel groups, then switch placebo to the active drug, and STOP randomized controlled in parallel groups to evaluate the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). Short title: HCQ in pediatric ILD, particularly 4surfdefect. EudraCT, ID: 2013-003714-40. Registered on 2 July 2013. ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT02615938. Registered on 8 November 2015. IZKS trial code: 2013-006; Sponsor: University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich. Responsible Party: Prof. Dr. med. Matthias Griese, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Germany