A prospective, open labeled, comparative study to assess the efficacy of montelukast as add on to β2-agonist and inhaled corticosteroid in patients of moderate persistent asthma

Background: Steroid, bronchodilator and the leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast have demonstrated efficacy in children with mild persistent asthma, but comparative long-term studies in adult patient with moderate persistent asthma is needed. A randomized and prospective study was undertaken to find out the efficacy of montelukast as add on to β2-agonist and inhaled corticosteroids in patients of moderate persistent asthma.Methods: This was a continuous, longitudinal, prospective study carried out at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Newly diagnosed patients of moderate persistent asthma attending the chest out patient department (OPD) were enrolled. Group I was treated with salbutamol 200 mcg rotacap SOS and formoterol 6 mcg + budesonide 400 mcg rotacap BD. In addition to these medicines group II also received montelukast 10 mg OD. The patients were followed up every two months. Clinical examination and pulmonary function tests (PFT) were carried out at baseline and during each visit. Unpaired ‘t’ test was used for statistical analysis.Results: Comparison of clinical symptoms revealed a better improvement in group II as compare to group I [cough - 83% vs. 33%; breathlessness - 75% vs. 33%; and wheezing - 83% vs. 78%] at the end of one year. A significantly better (p < 0.05) improvement in forced expiratory volume (FEV1) was also observed in group II.Conclusions: Treatment with montelukast leads to better improvement in clinical symptoms and PFT in the patients of moderate persistent asthma

A cross-sectional study on assessment of smartphone addiction among secondary & higher secondary school students in Jamnagar, Gujarat.

INTRODUCTION Adolescents are defined as young people between the ages of 10 and 19 years as per WHO (2014) criteria. Mobile phone addiction/abuse/misuse is one of the forms of compulsive use of “a mobile phone” by adolescents across the world. Indian adolescents are also affected by high smartphone engagement. The proportion of school going children possessing a smartphone in India has expanded from 36 % to 61% over the last two years

Obesity, Overweight Rates, and Related Factors Among Adults in the Rustic Realm of Western India

Background: Obesity and overweight pose significant challenges in developing countries, underscoring the need for evidence-based prevention strategies. This study focuses on assessing the prevalence and associated factors of overweight and obesity in the rural areas of Jamnagar district, Gujarat, India. Methods: Data collection encompassed six tehsils within Jamnagar district, with primary health center selection via simple random sampling. Individual selection employed the consecutive sampling approach. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software. Regression analysis was employed to identify the independent factors linked to overweight and obesity. Results: The analysis included 408 participants, revealing a higher obesity prevalence among men (20.8% vs 13.5%). Strong evidence suggests that married and physically inactive individuals have 2.8 times higher odds of being overweight or obese. After thorough adjustments, homemakers and physically inactive individuals had 5.9-fold higher odds. Conclusions: The study findings illuminate a pronounced prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults in the study area, signifying an emerging issue that necessitates prompt attention

Cytomorphological patterns of palpable breast lesions diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology

Background: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a simple, minimally invasive, cost-effective, and outpatient-based method for diagnosing various palpable lesions. Breast cancer is the commonest malignancy in women worldwide, and adequate preoperative evaluation is essential to managing breast lumps. Although core needle biopsy has evolved as the diagnostic tool of choice for breast lumps, Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology remains an important diagnostic tool. Material & Method: We have conducted a retrospective study of FNAC of palpable breast lumps for one year (June 2020 to May 2021) in the Pathology department at Shantabaa Medical College and General Hospital, Amreli. All patients were outpatient based on surgical OPD. A total of 46 FNACs from palpable breast lesions were studied. Results: Out of 46 FNACs, 25 were benign, including infective aetiology, 12 were suspicious for malignancy, and 9 were malignant. Conclusion: FNAC serves as a rapid, economic and reliable tool for diagnosing palpable breast lesions. Cytopathological examination of lesions before operation or treatment is an important diagnostic modality

Spectrum of Cancers on Histopathology –Retrospective Study of 5 Years

Background: With the control of many infectious diseases and increase in general longevity of human lives, other diseases have occupied the front as casual factors of death. One of the chief contributor is cancer. It is now no more considered to be the disease peculiar to “ so called civilized” races and countries. It is now known to be present and prevalent in all nations and all populations.Aims: To study the incidence of cancer cases ;to study the cancer cases according to socio- demographic profile, gender and age; to evaluate cancers according to histopathology. Materials and Method: This was a retrospective study. A total 801 patients were evaluated clinically, pathologically and radiologically in Pathology Department, P.D.U.government medical college, Rajkot, during the period of 1st August 2013 to 31th July 2018. Results: Out of 801 cancer cases; accordingly to anatomical sites Lip, oral cavity,pharynx cancer cases were in lead in both sexes.Histopathological classification showed squamous cell carcinoma in the lead.Inmale according to histopathology squamous cell carcinoma and in female infiltrating ductal carcinoma cases were in lead.Conclusion: The present study concludes cancer cases analysis according to age, sex, religion, occupation ,residential Status ,anatomical site involvement and clinical diagnosis and pathological diagnosis which are helpful for understanding incidence of cancer cases

Evaluation of antioxidant and neuroprotective effect of date palm (<i style="">Phoenix dactylifera </i>L.) against bilateral common carotid artery occlusion in rats

627-633The cerebral ischemia in rats was induced by occluding bilateral common carotid arteries (BCCAO) for 30 min., followed by 45 min reperfusion. BCCAO caused significant depletion in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase and significant increase in lipid peroxidation along with severe neuronal damage in the brain. All the alterations except depletion in glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase levels induced by cerebral ischemia were significantly attenuated by 15 days pretreatment with methanolic extract of P. dactylifera fruits (100, 300 mg/kg), whereas 30 mg/kg dose was insignificant in this regard. These results suggest the possible use P. dactylifera against bilateral common carotid artery occlusion induced oxidative stress and neuronal damag

Powder, process parameters and heat treatment conditions for LaserBeam Melting of LaFeSi-based alloys

Shaping magneto caloric alloys to thin-walled heat exchangers is a viable way to enhance the efficiency of magnetic cooling systems. In this study shaping of La(FeSi)13-based alloys is carried out by Laser BeamMelting (LBM), an Additive Manufacturing method which offers a high degree of geometrical flexibility. Hence this process could be used for a broad variation and optimization of the heat exchanger structures as well as for a small scale production for prototype systems. However, the adaption of the LBM process to La(FeSi)13-alloys requires careful choice of the base powder, the laser melting parameters and the conditions of the subsequent heat treatment. In this work, structures with wall thickness below 500 μm are successfully produced from both La(FeSiCo)13 and LaCe(FeMnSi)13, and the effect of the particle size and composition of the powder and the laser melting parameters is investigated. Additionally, the magneto caloric entropy change after the heat treatment is reported