Approximate Entropy in Electromyography during Muscle Fatigue

Muscle fatigue (MF) is a phenomenon that involves the decline of one’s ability to perform physical action. The early detection of MF is important in the field of ergonomics, sports, occupational work, and human-computer interaction, as MF affects performance and may cause injury. Since MF is not a quantitative value, existing researches in this field are mostly based on different measurable parameters. Electromyography is among the most commonly used signals in analysing MF. The main purpose of this paper is to analyse MF during isometric contractions. For this purpose Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is used to divide each signal to get sub-band frequencies. Approximate Entropy (ApEn) is applied to each sub-band. In the next step, each band is segmented into three sections. Finally, a comparison between the first segment and last segment is performed to evaluate MF

A Rare Dermatologic Reaction in an Adult Patient Following Coronary Angiography: Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis

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A VNS based framework for early diagnosis of the Alzheimer's disease converted from mild cognitive impairment

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate stage between age-related cognitive decline. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a more serious decline in dementia. Early identification of mild cognitive impairment with a high risk of Alzheimer's disease is very important for increasing the success rate of the treatment. In this study, we present a Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) based framework that uses Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data to diagnose early conversion from MCI to AD. The proposed framework has been built in three main phases: preparing dataset, feature selection, and classification. After preparing the dataset, a VNS algorithm selects the most predictive MRI features for classification. Then, a Linear Support Vector Machine is utilized to classify the selected features. All data in this study are obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database with 860 subjects, eight different monthly periods, and 286 features in each period. The results obtained from the framework outperform those of previous research in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity values. The results of this study demonstrate that our framework has a huge potential for early prediction and detection of mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease conversion. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature

A Vns Based Framework for Early Diagnosis of The Alzheimer's Disease Converted from Mild Cognitive Impairment

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate stage between age-related cognitive decline. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a more serious decline in dementia. Early identification of mild cognitive impairment with a high risk of Alzheimer's disease is very important for increasing the success rate of the treatment. In this study, we present a Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) based framework that uses Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data to diagnose early conversion from MCI to AD. The proposed framework has been built in three main phases: preparing dataset, feature selection, and classification. After preparing the dataset, a VNS algorithm selects the most predictive MRI features for classification. Then, a Linear Support Vector Machine is utilized to classify the selected features. All data in this study are obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database with 860 subjects, eight different monthly periods, and 286 features in each period. The results obtained from the framework outperform those of previous research in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity values. The results of this study demonstrate that our framework has a huge potential for early prediction and detection of mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease conversion

Effects of feeding by hay, grass silage and corn silage on growth performance, rumen fluid and blood serum parameters in beef cattle

The study was conducted to determine the use of hay, grass silage, corn silage and grass silage+corn silage as roughage sources on growth performance, some rumen and blood serum parameters in beef cattle. A total of 24 Simmental beef cattle (12 male, 12 female), 9 or 10 months age, which were initially 142.4 kg live weight, were used in this study. The animals were divided into four treatment groups each consisting of 6 cattle (3 male, 3 female). All animals in the groups were fed with 2888 g for 0-21 d, 3813 g for 22-42 d and 5177 g for 43-63 d concentrated feed. In addition to the concentrated feed, one of the following roughage source hay, grass silage, corn silage or grass silage+corn silage (50:50) were given ad libitum to animals in each group. Animals were fed by group basis. At the 63 d of the study, rumen fluid and blood serum samples were taken from the animals. Final live weights of the animals did not affect. Average daily weight gains of the cattle in the overall study were no statistical differences among the groups. The roughage sources did not affect rumen fluid pH, NH3 N, acetic-, propionic- and butyric acid concentrations of beef cattle. The roughage sources did not also affect serum glucose, total protein and albumin concentration of animals. Consequently, it is concluded that mentioned roughage sources could be preferred as alone or grass silage+corn silage combination in feeding of beef cattle after economic analyses of these feedstuffs

Spondylodiscitis and endocarditis caused by S. vestibularis

Streptococcus vestibularis is a recently described member of the viridans group that was first isolated from the vestibular mucosa of the human oral cavity and described as a new species in 1988. It has been rarely associated with human infections. In few papers, it has been reported as a causal agent of systemic infection in immunosupressed adults and in those with other severe underlying diseases, like coronary valve diseases. A 65-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with complaints of fever for three months, general malaise, effort dyspnea, weight loss, back pain and myalgia. Both native aortic valve endocarditis and spondylodiscitis due to Streptococcus vestibularis were detected. The patient was successfully treated with intravenous potassium penicillin G and gentamicin for six weeks, followed by oral amoxicillin for three months, in addition to aortic valve replacement. In all patients with spondylodiscitis, infective endocarditis should be considered, particularly in patients with heart valve disease history, since spondylodiscitis may be the presenting sign of an infective endocarditis. Cardiac valve replacement surgery should be performed if the course of fever and inflammatory syndrome is unfavorable after appropriate antibiotic treatment. We report the first case with both native aortic valve endocarditis and spondylodiscitis due to Streptococcus vestibularis

Bone Cement Leakage in Transpedicular Percutaneous Vertebroplasty: Analysis of 20 Patients

Objective: Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is one of the frequently preferred interventional methods in spinal surgery. Although it is classified as minimally invasive, the most common complication of this procedure is bone cement leakage. Leakage of bone cement is often asymptomatic, but can lead to serious complications such as paraplegia and pulmonary embolism. In this study, we aimed to investigate the complications and consequences of cement leakage in the percutaneous vertebroplasty procedure. Methods: Between 2009 and 2015, 20 (14 female and 6 male, mean age 69.7) patients who underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty to 26 vertebrae were included in the study. 17 vertebrae were treated for osteoporotic compression (65.3%), 4 vertebrae for pathologic compression fractures (15.3%), 4 vertebrae for traumatic compression fractures (15.3%) and 1 vertebrae for painful hemangioma (3.8%). Leakage localizations of bone cement were classified as venous plexus, paravertebral soft tissue, spinal canal, intervertebral foramen, into the niddle channel and intervertebral disc space. Results: Twelve vertebrae showed no leakage (46.1%). 5 vertebrae had leakage into the niddle channel (19.2%), and 3 had leakage to vertebra disc space leakage (11.5%) and 2 vertebrae had to venous plexus and paravertebral tissue leakage (7.6%) Foraminal and spinal canal leakage (3.8%) was observed in one patient on single level. Radicular pain was seen in one patient. Partial pain control was observed in 20% of the patients while 80% of the patients had complete pain control on follow ups. Conclusion: Major complications following percutaneous vertebroplasty are mostly due to bone cement leaks. In order to prevent major complications, it is necessary to determine the possible causes of leakage. Performing the application with the correct technique with properly prepared bone cement is essential. Also usage of contast dye may be useful for pre-injection risk of leakage complications