Relationship of smartphone use severity with sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in university students

Background and aims The usage of smartphones has increased rapidly in recent years, and this has brought about addiction. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between smartphone use severity and sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in university students. Methods In total, 319 university students (203 females and 116 males; mean age = 20.5 ± 2.45) were included in the study. Participants were divided into the following three groups: a smartphone non-user group (n = 71, 22.3%), a low smartphone use group (n = 121, 37.9%), and a high smartphone use group (n = 127, 39.8%). All participants were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory; moreover, participants other than those in the smartphone non-user group were also assessed with the Smartphone Addiction Scale. Results The findings revealed that the Smartphone Addiction Scale scores of females were significantly higher than those of males. Depression, anxiety, and daytime dysfunction scores were higher in the high smartphone use group than in the low smartphone use group. Positive correlations were found between the Smartphone Addiction Scale scores and depression levels, anxiety levels, and some sleep quality scores. Conclusions The results indicate that depression, anxiety, and sleep quality may be associated with smartphone overuse. Such overuse may lead to depression and/or anxiety, which can in turn result in sleep problems. University students with high depression and anxiety scores should be carefully monitored for smartphone addiction

Estimation of bremsstrahlung photon fluence from aluminum by artificial neural network

Background: As bremsstrahlung photon beam fluence is important parameter to be known in a photonuclear reaction experiment as the number of produced particle is strongly depends on photon fluence. Materials and Methods: Photon production yield from different thickness of aluminum target has been estimated using artificial neural network (ANN) model. Target thickness and incoming electron energy has been used as input in ANN model and the photon fluence was output. Results: The results were estimated using ANN model for three different thickness and compared with the results obtained by EGS (Electron Gamma Shower) simulation. Conclusion: It can be concluded from this work that the bremsstrahlung photon fluence can be obtained using ANN model

Determination of The Relationship Between Hopelessness-Depression Frequency and Socio- Demographic Features in Students of School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University

Aim:Depression and hopelessness, cause impairment in the quality of life and leads to the loss of one's efficiency are important problems. The purpose of this study is to search the frequency of depression and hopelessness and its relations with socio-demographic characteristics among medical students.Materials and Methods:This is a cross sectional analytical study. It was conducted 2-4 March 2009 between. 1st, 2nd, and 3rd year students from the Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University were included in the study. 236 of a total 330 students (68.5 %) participated in the study. A questionnaire which aims to determine the students’ socio-demographic characteristics, Beck depression inventory and Beck hopelessness scale were applied under observation to the participants. According to the Beck depression inventory, those who scored 17 and over were classified as possible depressive. Data were evaluated statistically.Results:The average score of the students according to Beck hopelessness scale was found 5.3±4.6. According to Beck depression inventory 64 of the students (28.3%) were found to be possible depressive. The average Beck hopelessness scale score was higher for possible depressive students compared to the others (p=0.00). Depression scores was higher among the first year students compared to the others (p=0.03), higher among the females compared the males (p=0.02) and higher among dwelling in dorm compared to not dwelling in dorm (p=0.001). When the age of students, monthly income of family, the educational status of the parents were compared with hopelessness and depression rates there was no statistically significant relation.Conclusion:As a result, depression rates were high in basic medical students, furthermore hopelessness scores were found high among possible depressive students. Medical students should be given guidance and counseling service. Effective monitoring and prevention programs should be developed in order to lower the possible effects of depression and hopelessness on their future professional lives

Determination of The Relationship Between Hopelessness-Depression Frequency and SocioDemographic Features in Students of School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University

Amaç Depresyon ve umutsuzluk kişinin verimliliğini kaybetmesine, yaşam kalitesinin bozulmasına neden olan önemli problemlerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinde depresyon ve umutsuzluk sıklığını ve sosyodemografik özelliklerle arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır. Materyal ve Metod Kesitsel-analitik tipte olan bu çalışma 02–04 Mart 2009 tarihleri arasında yürütüldü. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi birinci, ikinci ve üçüncü sınıf öğrencileri çalışmaya dahil edildi. Çalışmaya 330 öğrenciden 226’sı (% 68,5) katıldı. Öğrencilere, sosyodemografik özelliklerini saptamaya yönelik anket formu, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği, Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği gözlem altında uygulandı. Beck depresyon ölçeğine göre 17 ve üzeri puan alanlar olası depresif olarak sınıflandırıldı. Veriler istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular Öğrencilerin Beck umutsuzluk ölçeği puan ortalamaları 5,3±4,6 bulundu. Beck depresyon ölçeğine göre 64’ü (%28,3) olası depresif bulundu. Olası depresif olanlarda Beck umutsuzluk ölçeği puan ortalaması normal olanlara göre daha yüksekti (p=0.00). Birinci sınıf öğrencilerinde diğer sınıflardaki öğrencilere göre (p=0.03), kızlarda erkeklere göre (p=0.02), yurtta kalan öğrencilerde ise yurtta kalmayanlara göre (p=0.001) depresyon puanları daha yüksek bulundu. Öğrencilerin yaşları, ailenin aylık gelir düzeyleri, ebeveynlerinin öğrenim durumları ile umutsuzluk ve depresyon oranları karşılaştırıldığında aralarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmadı. Sonuç Sonuç olarak, temel tıp öğrencilerinde depresyon oranı yüksek olmakla birlikte, olası depresif öğrencilerde umutsuzluk puanları da yüksek bulunmuştur. Tıp öğrencilerine rehberlik ve danışmanlık hizmetlerinin verilmesi, mezuniyet sonrası depresyon ve umutsuzluğun mesleki yaşantılarına olabilecek etkilerini azaltmaya yönelik etkili önleme ve izleme programlarının geliştirilmesi uygun olacaktır.Aim Depression and hopelessness, cause impairment in the quality of life and leads to the loss of one's efficiency are important problems. The purpose of this study is to search the frequency of depression and hopelessness and its relations with socio-demographic characteristics among medical students. Materials and Methods This is a cross sectional analytical study. It was conducted 2-4 March 2009 between. 1st, 2nd, and 3rd year students from the Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University were included in the study. 236 of a total 330 students (68.5 %) participated in the study. A questionnaire which aims to determine the students’ socio-demographic characteristics, Beck depression inventory and Beck hopelessness scale were applied under observation to the participants. According to the Beck depression inventory, those who scored 17 and over were classified as possible depressive. Data were evaluated statistically. Results The average score of the students according to Beck hopelessness scale was found 5.3±4.6. According to Beck depression inventory 64 of the students (28.3%) were found to be possible depressive. The average Beck hopelessness scale score was higher for possible depressive students compared to the others (p=0.00). Depression scores was higher among the first year students compared to the others (p=0.03), higher among the females compared the males (p=0.02) and higher among dwelling in dorm compared to not dwelling in dorm (p=0.001). When the age of students, monthly income of family, the educational status of the parents were compared with hopelessness and depression rates there was no statistically significant relation. Conclusion As a result, depression rates were high in basic medical students, furthermore hopelessness scores were found high among possible depressive students. Medical students should be given guidance and counseling service. Effective monitoring and prevention programs should be developed in order to lower the possible effects of depression and hopelessness on their future professional lives

Investıgatıon the accountıng agrıcultural actıvıty acordıng to Turkey accountıng standards framework and the case of Turkey

İşletme kavramı, tarım işletmeleri hakkında genel bilgiler verilmiştir. Tarım işletmelerinin özellikleri, arazilerin uzaklıkları işletmeye yükledikleri maliyet bazında bahsedilmiştir. Daha sonra tarımsal üretimden, üretim faktörlerinden ve bu üretim faktörlerinin işletmeye yüklediği avantaj ve dezavantajlardan bahsedilmiştir. Türkiyede tarımsal üretim anlatılmış, tarımsal ve bitkisel üretimden bahsedilmiştir. Tarım işletmelerindeki muhasebe sistemlerine girilmiş, envanter, vergilendirme ve amortismanlardan bahsedilmiştir. Son bölüm olarak da bir bir bitkisel üretim yapan işletmede; pamuk bitkisinin gelişimini, hasada kadar ne gibi girdiler olduğunu, kar ve kilogram başına maliyetin ne kadar olduğunu anlatan bir çalışma yapılmıştırGeneral informations were given about the business concept and agricultural enterprises. Characteristics of enterprises, distance of land were mentioned at the base of cost. After agricultural production, production factors and the advantages and disadvantages of the production factorsthat enterprises charge with. Agricultural production in Turkey was explained and agricultural and vegetal production were mentioned. Detailed with the agricultural accounting system, inventory, taxation, deprecation and those terms were explained.At the last part, the research conducted in the plant were explained. This research cover the imformation about the development of cotton plant, amount of the output and input, quantity of the profit per kg

"İman da Hikmet de Yemendedir "Hadisine Dair Bir İnceleme

Pek çok hadis kitabında Hz. Peygamber’in söyle söylediği nakledilmistir: “İman da Hikmet de Yemen’dedir.” Hadisin zahirinde ifade edildiği gibi iman ve hikmet gerçekten belli bir coğrafyaya mı aittir. Eğer öyle ise bu durum hadisin anlamı ve güvenilirliği hakkında bir süphe uyandırmaktadır. Hadis alimlerinin ha- dis hakkındaki farklı görüsleri de bir problem olarak karsımızda durmaktadır. Bu çalısmada hadisin hem rivayet edilisi hem de anlamı ile ilgili konular ele alınmıs, bu çerçevede hadis bir değerlendirmeye tabi tutulmustur

ANN modeling of the bremsstrahlung photon flux in tantalum target

Bremsstrahlung photons produced by 15 MeV electron beam are simulated using the Monte Carlo code of FLUKA. Tantalum foils have been chosen as a target material in the simulation, and the obtained photon spectrum has been analyzed with artificial neural network (ANN) technique. In the training ANN model, the thicknesses and energy values of bremsstrahlung photons for the Ta target have been used as input. In this study, we observed that the trained ANN model is consistent with simulation results