Discriminant face features extraction, analysis & its application in multipose face recognization: a survey

As one of the excellent learning and classification performance, SVM and ISVM has become a research topic in the field of machine learning and has been applied in many areas, such as face detection and recognition, handwriting automatic identification and automatic text categorization. Face recognition is a challenging computer vision problem. Given a face database, goal of face recognition is to compare the input image class with all the classes and then declare a decision that identifies to whom the input image class belongs to or if it doesn’t belong to the database at all. In this survey, we study face recognition as a pattern classification problem.In this paper, we study the concept of SVM and sophisticated classification techniques for face recognition using the SVM and ISVM along with the advantages and disadvantages. This paper not only provides an up-to-date critical survey of machine learning techniques but also performance analysis of various SVM and ISVM techniques for face recognition are compared

Discriminant face features extraction, analysis & its application in multipose face recognization: a survey

As one of the excellent learning and classification performance, SVM and ISVM has become a research topic in the field of machine learning and has been applied in many areas, such as face detection and recognition, handwriting automatic identification and automatic text categorization. Face recognition is a challenging computer vision problem. Given a face database, goal of face recognition is to compare the input image class with all the classes and then declare a decision that identifies to whom the input image class belongs to or if it doesn’t belong to the database at all. In this survey, we study face recognition as a pattern classification problem.In this paper, we study the concept of SVM and sophisticated classification techniques for face recognition using the SVM and ISVM along with the advantages and disadvantages. This paper not only provides an up-to-date critical survey of machine learning techniques but also performance analysis of various SVM and ISVM techniques for face recognition are compared

Biochemical Evaluation of Two Endangered Medicinal Taxa of Marathwada Region

The seasonal variation of protein and amino acid content have been investigated from leaves, wood and bark of  Madhuca indica and Mimusops elengi. Madhuca indica and Mimusops elengi are the medicinally important plant of Marathwada region. Comparative account of protein contents of leaves, wood and bark of Madhuca indica showed higher level (range 5.57 to 7.74mg/g dry wt.) than Mimusops elengi (range 2.66to 4.93 mg/g dry/wt.).The leaves of Madhuca indica showed high level of amino acid content (range 0.42 to 0.94 mg/g/dry wt.) and wood of Mimusops elengi was lower amino acid content (range 0.41 to 0.88mg/g dry wt.)

Simultaneous Determination of Amlodipine and Valsartan

A spectrophotometric method was developed for simultaneous determination of amlodipine (Aml) and valsartan (Val) without previous separation. In this method amlodipine in methanolic solution was determined using zero order UV spectrophotometry by measuring its absorbency at 360.5 nm without any interference from valsartan

Development and validation of a HPTLC method for analysis of Sunitinib malate

ABSTRACT A simple high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) has been developed and validated for determination of sunitinib malate and possible impurities. The samples were applied in forms of bands on an aluminum TLC plate pre-coated with silica gel and were separated using dichloromethane: methanol: toluene: ammonia solution as the mobile phase. Sunitinib malate was thoroughly separated from impurities including E-isomer, sunitinib N-oxide and impurity B with a retention factor (RF) of 0.35±0.02. Quantitative analysis of sunitinib was carried out using a mobile phase consisting of dichloromethane:methanol:ammonia solution, RF value was 0.53±0.02 for Z isomer. Detection was performed densitometrically in absorbance mode at 430 nm. This method was found to produce sharp, symmetrical, and well resolved peaks. Linear relationship with the coefficients of determination > 0.99 was achieved over the concentration range of 27.34 to 437.5 ng/spot. This method provides robust, replicable and accurate results with acceptable sensitivity

Impaired health-related quality of life in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: a cross-sectional analysis from the COVAD-2 e-survey

Objectives To investigate health-related quality of life in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) compared with those with non-IIM autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs), non-rheumatic autoimmune diseases (nrAIDs) and without autoimmune diseases (controls) using Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) instrument data obtained from the second COVID-19 vaccination in autoimmune disease (COVAD-2) e-survey database. Methods Demographics, diagnosis, comorbidities, disease activity, treatments and PROMIS instrument data were analysed. Primary outcomes were PROMIS Global Physical Health (GPH) and Global Mental Health (GMH) scores. Factors affecting GPH and GMH scores in IIMs were identified using multivariable regression analysis. Results We analysed responses from 1582 IIM, 4700 non-IIM AIRD and 545 nrAID patients and 3675 controls gathered through 23 May 2022. The median GPH scores were the lowest in IIM and non-IIM AIRD patients {13 [interquartile range (IQR) 10–15] IIMs vs 13 [11–15] non-IIM AIRDs vs 15 [13–17] nrAIDs vs 17 [15–18] controls, P < 0.001}. The median GMH scores in IIM patients were also significantly lower compared with those without autoimmune diseases [13 (IQR 10–15) IIMs vs 15 (13–17) controls, P < 0.001]. Inclusion body myositis, comorbidities, active disease and glucocorticoid use were the determinants of lower GPH scores, whereas overlap myositis, interstitial lung disease, depression, active disease, lower PROMIS Physical Function 10a and higher PROMIS Fatigue 4a scores were associated with lower GMH scores in IIM patients. Conclusion Both physical and mental health are significantly impaired in IIM patients, particularly in those with comorbidities and increased fatigue, emphasizing the importance of patient-reported experiences and optimized multidisciplinary care to enhance well-being in people with IIMs

Monitoring and Characterization of Crystal Nucleation and Growth during Batch Crystallization

Batch crystallization is commonly used in pharmaceutical, agrochemical, specialty and fine chemicals industry. The advantages of batch crystallization lie in its ease of operation and the relatively simple equipment that can be used. On the other hand a major disadvantage associated with it is the inconsistent and usually poor product quality. Quality of the crystalline product, which is defined in terms of the Crystal Size Distribution (CSD), purity, kind of solid state etc., is related to its performance when used as an ingredient during subsequent processes. Also the quality of the product from batch crystallization process has a strong influence on the efficiency of downstream operations like filtration and drying. Hence it is essential to reduce the batch-to-batch variations in the product quality. In this thesis three basic requirements for achieving consistent product quality have been identified. These requirements are a.) strong domain knowledge, b.) proper means of characterizing crystallization phenomena, c.) adequate process monitoring capabilities. The results presented in this thesis help in meeting the above requirements and are summarized below. a. Crystallization domain knowledge: Three important results related to the Metastable Zone Width (MSZW) have been obtained in this thesis which cannot be explained by the conventional understanding. It has been shown in this thesis that i. MSZW is not a deterministic property ii. MSZW is volume dependent iii. There exists a relationship between MSZWs measured at different volumes under similar conditions. The MSZW measurements at small volumes of 1 mL show large variations while the variations in the measurements reduce as the volume is increased. The extent of variations in the MSZW measurements at a particular volume changes from one model system to the other. The smallest measured MSZW at all volumes between 1 mililitre and 1 litre is the same. The dramatic deviation from the conventional understanding of the measured MSZWs is a result of inadequate understanding of the nucleation process. Conventionally, a multiple nuclei mechanism is assumed in which large number of nuclei are born together in a very short time interval. However in this thesis evidence is presented for a mechanism in which only a single nucleus is formed initially in a supersaturated solution which grows into a single crystal. After growth to a certain size, this single crystal undergoes extensive secondary nucleation which results into multiple crystalline fragments. The newly postulated mechanism is called the Single Nucleus Mechanism. All the crystals produced in an unseeded batch crystallization therefore originate from a single primary nucleus by secondary nucleation. This indicates that during an unseeded industrial batch crystallization process, there will be different generations of crystals present. Hence, in order to achieve crystals with desirable quality, control strategies must be focused on controlling both primary and secondary nucleation. b. Crystallization characterization: In this thesis novel methods to characterize crystal nucleation, growth and MSZW have been developed. The characterization of crystal nucleation and MSZW is done with the help of a stochastic model developed based on the Single Nucleus Mechanism. The stochastic model indicates that the nucleation rate is several orders of magnitude smaller than that postulated by the Classical Nucleation Theory. The low nucleation rate leads to the stochastic MSZWs. Unlike the conventional population balance model which shows that the MSZW is independent of volume, the stochastic model indicates that the MSZW is a function of volume. The stochastic model also enables scale dependent study of the MSZW. The characterization of crystal growth is performed by the combination of information from both the concentration measurement sensor and the crystal size distribution (CSD) measurement sensor. It is shown that by combining of the concentration and CSD measurements a better parameter estimation and better process description could be achieved. c. Crystallization process monitoring: In this thesis in situ measurement of several process variables has been successfully demonstrated not only at lab scale but also at industrial scale. A comparison has been performed between two spectroscopy based techniques viz. attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR) for in situ concentration monitoring during crystallization at lab scale. Based on the comparison, ATR-FTIR is found to be more accurate than FT-NIR for different model systems. In spite of accurate concentration monitoring at lab scale, the concentration monitoring with ATR-FTIR leads to biased measurements at industrial scale due to the differences in the curvature of fiber optics. To facilitate the in situ concentration measurements in industrial environment, two calibration procedures have been investigated which circumvent problems associated with calibration transfer from lab to industrial scale. In the first procedure data from a cheap ultrasound based concentration probe is combined with the spectra from ATR-FTIR spectroscope. It is shown that this combination of data enables a rapid calibration of ATR-FTIR at industrial scale. In the second procedure, multiple Process Analytical Technology (PAT) tools that were arranged in a measurement skid were calibrated simultaneously at industrial scale. The skid configuration of the PAT tools allows for the combination of the calibration procedure with process characterization. The monitoring of the process at industrial scale with multiple sensors brings new process insights which can lead to better process control and optimization strategies. The results presented in this thesis will enable achievement of consistent product quality by facilitating efficient process and equipment design, process development, and process control.Process and EnergyMechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineerin

Ecological study of Phytoplankton from Dahanu creek- west coast of India.

593-597Diversity of phytoplankton and water quality of Dahanu creek was studied during November 2008 and October 2009. Physicochemical parameters indicated variations in depth, pH, temperature. DO, BOD, salinity, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium nitrate, phosphate etc. Total 52 genera of phytoplankton were observed during the study period comprising diatoms, dinoflagellates and other algae. Coscinodicuss, Rhizosolenia, Biddulphia, Melosera, Bacillaria, Isthmia, and Gyrosigma were dominated among the phytoplankton community. Diversity index of phytoplankton ranged from 2.61 to 6.37. Dahanu creek maintained fairly high concentration of chlorophyll a, ranging between 0.96 to 7.65 (average 3.30). Maximum value of chlorophyll a was recorded at stn.1 from the bottom water during June 2009 which coincided with the highest cell count of phytoplankton total 758 phytoplankton recorded for that station. This was also associated the boom of coscinodicuss.There was gradual increases in chlorophyll a from creek area. Distribution of phaeophytin ranged from 0.65 to 4.49 (average 1.94) and it was comparable with chlorophyll a. However Station 1-3 maintained higher value of chlorophyll a than the phaeophytin while the area of station 4-5 showed low concentration of chlorophyll a and phaeophytin. Dahanu creek consists of rich and divers phytoplankton community

Determination of Ash Values of Two Endangered

The seasonal variation of total ash, acid soluble ash and acid insoluble ash have been investigated in leaves, stem and  bark, of Madhuca indica and Butea monosperma which are medicinally important taxa in Marathwada region. Comparative account of total ash content of stem of Butea monosperma showed high level ( range 14.65 % to 16.5 %) than total ash content of stem of Madhuca indica      ( range 7.3 % to 8.6 %). Acid soluble ash content of leaves of Madhuca indica showed lower (range 6.5 % to 8.5 %) and higher in stem of Madhuca indica (range 11.3 % to 12.35 %) compare to other parts. Acid insoluble ash of bark of Madhuca indica (range 3.9 % to 5.45 %) showed high level and lower in bark of Butea monosperma (range 1.85 % to 2 %)

Handbook of vegetable science and technology : production, composition, storage and processing/ Salunkhe

x, 721 hal.; ill.; tab.; 25 cm