Comparative study of physical and elastic properties of jute and glass fiber reinforced LDPE composites

Jute fiber reinforced low density polyethylene (LDPE) composites and glass fiber reinforced LDPE composites were prepared at variable proportions using compression molding technique at 120 °C. Few physical and mechanical properties such as bulk density, water absorption%, tensile strength, elongation at break (Eb%), Young’s modulus, flexural stress and strain and tangent modulus of both composites were studied and compared. Throughout the study, it was revealed that glass composites had better mechanical stability as compared to LDPE jute composites

Elastic and electrical properties of graphite and talc filler reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites

Graphite filler reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites and talc filler reinforced (PP) composites were prepared by compression molding at 160 ºC. Mechanical and electrical properties were studied. The tensile strength of the composites decreases with the increase of filler addition and also with the increase of wt.% of filler. But, a slight improvement of the Young's modulus of the filaments reinforced with different wt.% of filler is observed. It was found that the Bulk density of test materials increased with the fillers content. Capacitance decreases with the increase of both frequency and voltage which suggest good electrical properties of PP-graphite composites and PP-talc composites. All of these results indicated that PP-graphite composites are better than the PP-talc composites

Study of physical, mechanical and thermal properties of unidirectional jute fiber reinforced PVC film composites

This paper presents the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of unidirectional jute fiber reinforced polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film composites. Composites (wt % of fiber) of jute fiber reinforced PVC matrix were prepared by compression molding at 160⁰ C. Variable weight ratios of these composites namely 100:0, 95:5, 90:10, 85:15 and 80:20 were prepared and then physical, mechanical and thermal properties were studied. The tensile strength of composites increases with the increase of fiber addition and percentage of elongation at break decreases with increase of fiber addition. Thermal analysis of PVC-jute fiber composites show that thermal degradation of PVC film starts ahead of jute fiber and the degradation of composites was occurring in two stages

Properties of proton exchange membranes poly-ethylene terephthalate (PET) films developed by gamma radiation induced grafting and sulfonation technique

Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) were developed by radiation induced grafting of styrene onto poly ethylene terephthalate (PET) and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) membranes using two steps technique. Subsequent sulfonation on the PET films was conducted by chlorosulfonic acid (ClSO3H). The PET films in 45% styrene solution at 1500 krad dose has found to show the highest grafting (17.4%) in both techniques while the maximum degree of sulfonation was noticed to be 9% with a soaking time 150 minutes. Surface morphology was investigated from scanning electron microgram (SEM). Proton exchange capacity (PEC) was confirmed by pH change in 0.01 M NaCl solution. Optical and electrical characteristics of the PEMs were performed by the measurements of FTIR optical absorption, electrical impedance, and electrical resistance respectively

Resource productivity and economic performance of producing fish seeds in government and private fanns in Bangladesh

The effect of various factors on spawn and fingerlings production in government and private farms was measured in this study. Primary data were collected from 45 private and 11 government farms from 9 selected districts covering major fish seed producing areas of Bangladesh. Results from Cobb-Douglas production function analysis indicated that the included variables had some positive impacts on returns from spawn and fingerlings. No input was found to be over used and increasing returns to scale was observed. Tabular analysis indicated that higher amount of input use produced higher level of yield, gross return and net return. The government farms were under utilized. For increased supply of fish seeds in the country more amount of specified inputs (feed and fertilizer) should be used for producing spawn and fingerlings especially in government farms

Impact of chapila (Gudusia chapra Ham.) on growth of carps in polyculture

The impact of chapila (Gudusia chapra) on the growth of carps was determined through introducing the fish in polyculture. A net average production with and without chapila were obtained at 467.11 and 889.54 kg/ha respectively (PO.OS). The highest level of dietary overlap occurred between chapila and catla followed by chapila and rohu (P<O.OS). The present study revealed that chapila reduces the net production at 47.49% in carps polyculture

Studies on the gonadosomatic index and fecundity of chapila (Gudusia chapra Ham.)

The study was conducted in pond to determine the fecundity and gonadosomatic index of chapila, Gudusia chapra. The male fish was found to attain sexual maturity at 7.7 cm and 7.41 g and that of the female at 9.3 cm and 14.65 g by standard-length and body-weight respectively. The investigated fishes were found to be male and female at the ratio of 1:3 and generally female was found to be larger than male. The fish was found to spawn for several months with two spawning peaks, one in April and another in August as indicated by the peaks of gonadosomatic index and ova diameter. Fecundity of the fish ranged from 25,220 to 154,528 with an average value of 72,383 and was found to increase with the increase in length and weight of the fish. The relationships between fecundity and standard-length, body-weight, gonad-length and gonad weight of the fish were found to be linear and significant

Perceived effect of improving labour condition and paramilitary training on staff efficiency in Kainji Lake National Park, Nigeria

This study assessed perceived effect of improving labour conditions and paramilitary training on staff efficiency in Kainji Lake National Park, Nigeria through personal observation and interview with the aid of a semi-structured questionnaire administered to fifty-two (52) staff of the Park. Majority (98%) of park staff agreed that improving working conditions is a necessary tool for employees’ commitment and loyalty in the service and 77% agreed that park authority play an important role towards improving working conditions and making on the job training accessible for the staffs. Most (75%) respondents acknowledged that the new salary (the most important working condition for job efficiency in the study area) is expressively satisfactory while majority (71.15%) also show their enthusiasm towards mode of dressing (use of paramilitary uniform) as they agreed that it bestowed more respect and honour to them in the society. Other areas of improved practices that are considerably satisfactory are training and development, promotion process and relationship with managers. However, only few respondents were pleased with current situation of safety at work, retirement plan and medical insurance though it is perceived from the study that medical insurance and relationship with managers are not too vital for job efficiency in the study area. Respondents further agreed that recent paramilitary training adopted in the National Park Service increases the employees’ morale since paramilitary training will improve employee physical fitness and confidence (4.23±1.26) as well as individual and organizational competences (4.06±1.03). From the study, there is high (70%) consensus that improving working conditions and paramilitary training has positive effect on job efficiency in the study area hence; there is improvement in the organization achievement.Keywords: Employee, Job Efficiency, Job Satisfaction, Labour Condition, Paramilitar

RAZVOJ METODE BRZE MIKROPROPAGACIJE ALOJE VERE (Aloa vera L.)

An efficient micropropagation method has been developed using shoot tip explants in Aloe vera L. The process involves subsequent in vitro morphogenesis and rooting of the in vitro proliferated shoots and transplantation of regenerated plants under ex vitro condition. Shoot proliferation was found best in MS medium containing BA 2.0 mg/l, KIN 0.5 mg/l and NAA 0.2 mg/l. Maximum 98.96% shoots were proliferated in this media composition. This media composition is best comparing to other treatment used in this study. Highest shoot number per explant was also achieved in the same medium within 5 weeks. In case of adventitious rooting, MS medium containing NAA 0.2 mg/l and NAA 0.5 mg/l was found to be the best. Maximum 80.25% rooting and highest number of root per culture (6.71) was obtained in this media composition. After transplanting the 20 days old rooted shoots into mixture of garden soil, compost and sand (2:1:1), 80% of survivability after 5 weeks was an achieved. Regenerated plants after acclimatization were transferred to soil and they showed 82% survival. The regenerated plants were morphologically similar to the mother plants.Razvijena je djelotvorna metoda mikrorazmnožavanja aloje vere (Aloa vera L.) upotrebom vršnih izboja biljke. Postupak uključuje sljedeću in vitro morfogenezu i ukorjenje in vitro razmnoženih izboja te transplataciju regeneriranih biljaka u ex vitro uvjetima. Razmnažanje se pokazalo najbolje u MS supstratu koji je sadržavao BA 2,0 mg/l, KIN 0,5 mg/l i NAA 02 mg/l. Razmnožen je maksimum od 98,96% izboja u tom sastavu supstrata. Najveći broj izboja po eksplantu također je postignut u istom supstratu u 5 tjedana. Kod adventivnog ukorjenjavanja najboljim se pokazao MS supstrat koji je sadržavao NAA 0,2 mg/l + NAA 0,5 mg/l. Maksimum od 80,25% ukorjenjenja i najveći broj korijena po eksplantu (6,71) dobiven je u supstratu istog sastava. Nakon presađivanja 20 dana starih ukorijenjenih izboja u mješavinu vrtnog tla, komposta i pijeska (2:1:1) postignuto je 80% preživljavanja nakon 5 tjedana. Regenerirane biljke su nakon aklimatiziranja presađene u zemlju uz preživljavanje od 82%. Regenerirane biljke bile su morfološki slične matičnim biljkama

Optical and morphological characterization of BaSe thin films synthesized via chemical bath deposition

Barium selinide (BaSe) thin films were deposited onto glass substrate via chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. The effect of deposition time on the thin film formation mechanism has been studied to understand the optimum conditions for synthesis process. The phase identification and surface morphology of thin coated films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively while the optical characterizations were conducted by means of ultraviolet visible (UV- Vis) spectroscopy. XRD study confirms the polycrystalline hexagonal structure of the thin films. The XRD peaks at 2θ =23.84° and 2θ = 23.86o showed the preferential orientation along the (021) and (201) plane with deposition time 20 hours and 22 hours respectively, whereas the major peak at (111) was obtained with a deposition time of 24 hours. With the increase in deposition time up to 24 hours, the film gradually grew thicker along with the fine increase in the grain size. The direct optical band gap of the films was measured to be varied from 1.33 to 3.37 eV