Genetic Diversity of Cherry Laurel (Laurocerasus officinalis Roemer) BY SSR Markers

Cherry laurel (Laurocerasus officinalis) belongs to the Rosacea family. The main distribution area for edible cherry laurels is the Blacksea shores in Turkey. In the study, it was aimed to reveal the differences among the various cherry laurel genotypes by using the SSR molecular marker technique. Cherry laurel genotypes were selected from the Black Sea Region of Turkey. A total of 15 SSR primer pairs were developed and used for Prunus species, and the phylogenetic relationship and polymorphism rates were also demonstrated. As a result, 13 SSR primers resulted in scorable DNA band profiles. UDAp-401 SSR primer was detected with a minimum of 3 alleles and BBCT001 primer with a maximum of 17 alleles. The average number of alleles was observed at 9 per locus. Whereas, the average number of polymorphic bands per SSR marker was calculated as 8.38. Additionally, 109 polymorphic DNA profiles were obtained from a total of 117, and the polymorphism rate was calculated as 93.5%. The band patterns resulting from SSR analysis showed multiple alleles, suggesting polyploidy in cherry laurel. In conclusion, we determined that the SSR molecular markers could be used to identify the different cherry laurel genotypes. Furthermore, these results depicted that among the different genotypes sampled there is significant genetic variability that can be useful for future research and breeding programs

Plant DNA isolation

Bitki molekiiler biyoloji çalışmalarında bitki dokularından DNA izolasyonu en önemli aşamalardan biridir. DNA izolasyonunda, ovül, embriyo, sürgün ve kök uçları ve gövde kısımları bitki materyali olarak kullanılabilir. DNA izolasyonunda başarı DNA kalitesi ve miktarı ile ölçülür.The isolation of DNA from plant tissue is a critical step in many plant molecular biology stuies. Ovuls, embroyos, shoot and root tips, bark tissues can be used as a plant material for DNA isolation. In general, success in DNA isolation is Measured by DNA yield and quality ol-DNA

Utilization of molecular markers in Prunus species

DNA teknolojilerinin geliştirilmesi bitki ıslahı, genetiği ve evrimi konularında çalışan araştırıcılara büyük avantajlar sağlamıştır. Analizler, izoenzim, RFLP, RAPD ve/veya mikrosatellit (SSR) markörlerini kullanarak fenotipten genotipe doğru kaymıştır. Bu yazıda moleküler markörlerin Prunus türlerinde kullanımınajdeğinilmiştir. Araştırmalar; (1) markörler yardımı ile seleksiyon (2) genom haritalaması (3) karşılaştırmalı haritalama (4) gen kaynaklarının karakterizasyonu (5) filogenetik analizler ve kültür çeşitlerinin tanımlanması konularından verilmiştir.The development of DNA technologies has provided great advantage to researchers working on plant breeding, genetics and evaluation. Analyses shifted from phenotype to genotype, using isoenzymes, RFLPs, RAPDs and/or microsatellites (syn. simple sequence repeats, SSRs) as markers. The objective of this review is to outline some important usage of molecular markers in Prunus. Examples include following topics (1) marker assisted selection (2) genom mapping (3) comparative mapping (4) characterization of germplasm (5) phylogenetic analysis and cultivar identification

Türkiye'de yetiştirilen ömemli kiraz (Prunus avium L.) ve vişne (Prunus cerasus L.) çeşit ve tiplerinin DNA parmakizi yöntemi ile sınıflandırılması

TEZ4081Tez (Doktora) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2001.Kaynakça (s. 166-187) var.x, 192 s. ; 30 cm.

Genetic diversity within Turkish watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsumura & Nakai] accessions revealed by SSR and SRAP markers

The genetic diversity of Turkish watermelon genotypes selected from the watermelon genetic resource collection was evaluated by simple sequence repeat (SSR) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. Most of the accessions were collected from various geographical regions of Turkey. Different Citrullus species, wild relatives, foreign landraces, open pollinated (OP), and commercial hybrid cultivars were also assessed for genetic relatedness. Fourteen SSR primers and 31 SRAP primer combinations were used in the experiment. Both SSR markers (100%) and SRAP markers (97.3%) generated high polymorphisms. Based on the SSR and SRAP data, the genetic similarity coefficients were calculated, and dendrograms were constructed using the unweighted pairgroup method with arithmetic average (UPGMA). Cluster and principle coordinate analyses indicated that Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus subspecies genotypes collected from the different regions of Turkey were closely genetically related. Overall, our results displayed low genetic variability within the Turkish watermelon germplasm in contrast with their high morphological diversity.The genetic diversity of Turkish watermelon genotypes selected from the watermelon genetic resource collection was evaluated by simple sequence repeat (SSR) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. Most of the accessions were collected from various geographical regions of Turkey. Different Citrullus species, wild relatives, foreign landraces, open pollinated (OP), and commercial hybrid cultivars were also assessed for genetic relatedness. Fourteen SSR primers and 31 SRAP primer combinations were used in the experiment. Both SSR markers (100%) and SRAP markers (97.3%) generated high polymorphisms. Based on the SSR and SRAP data, the genetic similarity coefficients were calculated, and dendrograms were constructed using the unweighted pairgroup method with arithmetic average (UPGMA). Cluster and principle coordinate analyses indicated that Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus subspecies genotypes collected from the different regions of Turkey were closely genetically related. Overall, our results displayed low genetic variability within the Turkish watermelon germplasm in contrast with their high morphological diversity

Comparısons of DNA ısolatıon methods for some fruıt specıes

Moleküler biyoloji çalışmaları üzerinde çalışılan bitkilerden yüksek kalitede DNA izolasyonu gerektirmektedir. Bu nedenle, çalışmalarda kullanılacak bitkilerden kısa sürede ve saf olarak yüksek konsantrasyonda DNA izolasyonu son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışmada fındık, avokado, trabzon hurması, mandarin ve portakal türlerinden, MiniPrep DNA izolasyon yöntemi ve bu yöntemin modifiye edilmiş versiyonları kullanılarak DNA elde edilmiştir. Test edilen yöntemlerde ekstraksiyon tampon çözeltileri içinde 1) yalnızca CTAB, 2) CTAB ve PVP beraber (CTAB+PVP), 3) CTAB ve SDS (CTAB+SDS) beraber ve 4) yalnızca SDS olacak şekilde hazırlanmıştır. Bu izolasyon yöntemleri sonrasında elde edilen DNA’ların konsantrasyon ve kaliteleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Genel olarak tüm yöntemlerden yüksek konsantrasyonda DNA elde edilirken, hem bitki türleri hem de yöntemler istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmuştur. En yüksek DNA konsantrasyonları fındık ve portakal türlerinde elde edilirken CTAB+SDS yöntemi ile elde edilen DNA konsantrasyonları öteki yöntemlerden daha düşük olarak saptanmıştır.Virtually all molecular biology studied requires high quality DNA isolated from plants of interest. Therefore, it is important to isolate pure and high quality DNA in a short time. In this study, DNA sampled from hazelnut, avocado, persimmon, mandarin and orange were isolated using MiniPrep DNA isolation methods and its modified versions. These treatments were prepared adding 1) CTAB, 2) CTAB and PVP (CTAB+PVP), 3) CTAB and SDS (CTAB+SDS) 4) SDS to extraction buffer. The DNA samples isolated using these methods were compared for their concentrations and purity. In general, all method yielded high DNA concentrations; the differences among the fruit species and the isolation methods were found to be statistically significant. The highest DNA concentrations were recovered from hazelnut and orange while CTAB+SDS yielded significantly lower DNA concentration when compared to the other methods

Comparısons of DNA ısolatıon methods for some fruıt specıes

Moleküler biyoloji çalışmaları üzerinde çalışılan bitkilerden yüksek kalitede DNA izolasyonu gerektirmektedir. Bu nedenle, çalışmalarda kullanılacak bitkilerden kısa sürede ve saf olarak yüksek konsantrasyonda DNA izolasyonu son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışmada fındık, avokado, trabzon hurması, mandarin ve portakal türlerinden, MiniPrep DNA izolasyon yöntemi ve bu yöntemin modifiye edilmiş versiyonları kullanılarak DNA elde edilmiştir. Test edilen yöntemlerde ekstraksiyon tampon çözeltileri içinde 1) yalnızca CTAB, 2) CTAB ve PVP beraber (CTAB+PVP), 3) CTAB ve SDS (CTAB+SDS) beraber ve 4) yalnızca SDS olacak şekilde hazırlanmıştır. Bu izolasyon yöntemleri sonrasında elde edilen DNA’ların konsantrasyon ve kaliteleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Genel olarak tüm yöntemlerden yüksek konsantrasyonda DNA elde edilirken, hem bitki türleri hem de yöntemler istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmuştur. En yüksek DNA konsantrasyonları fındık ve portakal türlerinde elde edilirken CTAB+SDS yöntemi ile elde edilen DNA konsantrasyonları öteki yöntemlerden daha düşük olarak saptanmıştır.Virtually all molecular biology studied requires high quality DNA isolated from plants of interest. Therefore, it is important to isolate pure and high quality DNA in a short time. In this study, DNA sampled from hazelnut, avocado, persimmon, mandarin and orange were isolated using MiniPrep DNA isolation methods and its modified versions. These treatments were prepared adding 1) CTAB, 2) CTAB and PVP (CTAB+PVP), 3) CTAB and SDS (CTAB+SDS) 4) SDS to extraction buffer. The DNA samples isolated using these methods were compared for their concentrations and purity. In general, all method yielded high DNA concentrations; the differences among the fruit species and the isolation methods were found to be statistically significant. The highest DNA concentrations were recovered from hazelnut and orange while CTAB+SDS yielded significantly lower DNA concentration when compared to the other methods

Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers differentiate Turkish sour cherry germplasm

Eighty-one tetraploid cherry selections including sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) and its progenitor species P. fruticosa Pall. were compared using simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker analysis to determine the relationship of Turkish germplasm to germplasm collected from Russia and more northern and eastern regions of Europe. SSR fragments were produced with all the five primer pair cherry selection combinations. The cherry selections exhibited high levels of polymorphism with 5 to 20 different putative alleles amplified per primer pair. Primer pair PMS 49 isolated from sweet cherry showed a high level of polymorphism with 20 putative alleles identified. However, SSR analysis was not able to differentiate some selections. The Turkish selections tended to group together, separate from the other cherry selections. The Turkish germplasm did not exhibit many of the putative SSR alleles identified in the broader germplasm; however, it exhibited many novel alleles. This study demonstrates the importance of including germplasm from Turkey, an important ancestral region for sour cherry, when building a germplasm collection. It also demonstrates the value of SSR markers to identify genetic variation “gaps” within a germplasm collection