On axisymmetric adhesive joints with graded interface stiffness

An improved analytical model is presented for the stress analysis of interface stiffness graded axisymmetric adhesive joints. The governing integro-differential equation of the problem is obtained through a variational method which minimizes the complementary energy of the bonded assembly. The joint is composed of similar or dissimilar polar anisotropic and/or isotropic adherends and a functionally modulus graded bondline (FMGB) adhesive. The elastic modulus of the adhesive is functionally graded along the bondlength by assuming smooth modulus profiles which reflect the behavior of practically producible graded bondline. Influence of non-zero radial stresses in the bonded system on shear and normal stresses is evaluated. The stress distribution predicted by this refined model is compared with that of mono-modulus bondline (MMB) model for the same axial tensile load in order to estimate reduction in shear and normal stress peaks in the bondline and the adherends. A systematic parametric study indicates that an optimum joint strength can be achieved by employing a stiffness graded bondline with an appropriate combination of geometrical and material properties of the adherends. This model can also be applied to examine the effects of loss of interface stiffness due to an existing defect and/or damage in the bondlin

Program konačnih razlika četvrtog reda točnosti za simulaciju rasprostiranja SH-vala u heterogenom viskoelastičnom sredstvu

This article presents a staggered grid time-domain finite-difference (FD) program for the simulation of sH-wave propagation in a viscoelastic heteroge¬neous medium. The incorporation of realistic damping in FD program is based on a rheological model widely known as generalized maxwell body (gmB-EK). The accuracy of implementation of realistic damping is validated by comparing the numerically computed frequency dependent quality factors and phase velocity with the same computed using gmB-EK rheological model and the Futterman’s relationship. The accuracy was also validated by comparing the numerically com¬puted soil amplification at resonance frequency for different damping with the analytical solutions. The stability and grid dispersion are also studied in details.Prikazan je program konačnih razlika (FD) na razmaknutoj mreži u vremenskoj domeni za simulaciju rasprostiranja sH-vala u viskoelastičnom heterogenom sredstvu. Uključivanje realističnog prigušenja u program temelji se na reološkom modelu poznatom kao generalizirano maxwellovo tijelo (gmB-EK). Valjanost implementiranog prigušenja je potvrđena usporedbom numerički dobivenih frekventno ovisnih kvalitativnih faktora i fazne brzine s onima izračunatim gmB-EK reološkim modelom i korištenjem Futter¬manove relacije. Točnost je potvrđena i usporedbom numerički izračunate amplifikacije tla pri rezonantnoj frekvenciji za različito prigušenje s analitičkim rješenjima. stabilnost i disperzija mreže su također detaljno istraženi

Impact of integrated nutrient management on vegetative growth and flowering quality of gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus Hort.) cv. American Beauty

A field study on ‘effects of integrated nutrient management on vegetative growth and flowering quality of gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus Hort.) cv. American Beauty’ was carried out at College of Horticulture and Forestry, Jhalawar during 2016-17. It was found that cv. American Beauty with treatment the tallest plants (121.50 cm), maximum number of leaves per plant (9.03), the maximum  leaf length (38.20 cm), earliest spike emergence (59.22 days), minimum number of days to floret opening (12.50 days), maximum number of florets per spike (17.53), maximum spike length (108.50 cm), maximum floret diameter (9.01 cm), maximum rachis length (39.03 cm) was found in T12 (RDF 75% + Azotobacter + PSB + Mycorrhiza). The maximum stem diameter (1.52 cm) and maximum spike girth (0.97 cm) was recorded in T10 (RDF 75% + PSB + Mycorrhiza). On the basis of foregoing summary, the results may be concluded as follow: The different bio-fertilizer treatments had significant influence on the vegetative growth, flowering and post-harvest of gladiolus in the present study. Application of bio fertilizer singly and in different combinations has significant effect on all the vegetative, floral and corms parameters. Therefore, among various bio fertilizers and their combinations, Azotobacter, PSB and Myccorhiza were found the best, followed by un-inoculated treatment show least value for these parameters during the seasons of experiment

Comparative clinical study of Alambushadi Churna and Dwipanchmuladya Tail Basti in the management of Amavata vis-a–vis Rheumatoid Arthritis

In Ayurvedic text book, Amavata symptom is mentioned as swelling, joint pain, numbness, appetite loss, indigestion and fever. In Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita, Amavata is mentioned as a syndrome called Vatavyadhi, a diverse group of symptoms that are organized according to the systemic and local manifestations of Vata Dosha. According to the Charaka Samhita of Vatavyadhi, when Vata affects the Asthi and Majja there is painful swelling and immobility of the joints. Hence clinical study is planned to evaluate effect of Alambushadi Churna and in the Management of Amavata for that 60 Patients having classical symptomatology of Amavata have been selected from Kayachikitsa OPD and IPD of Sir Sunder Lal Hospital, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi and divided in two groups. Results of study shows that the sign and symptoms e.g., Loss of appetite, Angamarda, Alasya etc. due to derangement of Aam are observed to be improved in by Alambushadi Churna oral dose compared to Methotrexate

Comparative Study of Different Grid Connected Wind Energy Conversion System Configurations

As per the present scenario of the world energy crisis, Renewable energy conversion sys-tems (wind energy) have become the most prominent alternative in the field of renewa-ble energy, especially at offshore locations due to the availability of wind in huge amounts round the clock. This paper summarizes the comparative study of most com-monly used generators and power converters configurations at off-shore/on-shore wind farms. A comparison study has been done on the basis of their fixed/variable speed op-eration, MPPT ability, FRT ability, power converter utilization, power factor, reactive power compensation, with and without gearbox, and other technical parameters

Long term effect of organic sources of nutrients on productivity and soil health in maize+soybean—wheat+gram cropping system

Organic farming has emerged as an important priority area globally in view of growing demand for safe and healthy food which provides health and environmental benefits. The long term sustainability and concerns on environmental pollution associated with indiscriminate use of agrochemicals calls for use of organic farming practices in agriculture for maintaining soil health and crop productivity. Over the past few decades, increasing attention has been given to intercropping particularly in organic agricultural systems and the evidence suggests that this can provide production advantages over sole crops in the absence of increased external inputs due to more efficient utilization of resources. Component crops in intercropping may differ in their use of growth resources over time and space such that when grown together they make more efficient use of light, water and nutrients than when grown separately. Therefore, to study the effect of different composts on the productivity of crops and soil health in terms of nutrient and microbial status in maize/maize + soybean-wheat + gram cropping system, a long term field experiment was conducted at Model Organic Farm of CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur (H.P.), India w.e.f. 2006-07 to 2011-12. The treatments consisted of FYM 20 t/ha, vermicompost (VC) 15 t/ha, Him compost (HC) 5 t/ha, FYM+HC (10+2 t/ha), vermicompost + HC (10+1t/ha), FYM + vermicompost (10+10 t/ha) and control (FYM 5 t/ha) from 2006-07 to 2008-09, however, the doses of composts were reduced after 3rd year of experimentation and the treatments were slightly modified as FYM 15 t/ha, VC 10 t/ha, HC 5 t/ha, FYM + HC (7.5+2.5 t/ha), VC + HC (5.0+2.5 t/ha), FYM + VC (7.5+5.0 t/ha) and Control (FYM 5t/ha). After third year of experimentation maize + soybean was taken in place of maize in kharif season. Whereas, in rabi season wheat + gram continued as such. In general, for the first three years of study i.e. w.e.f. 2006-07 to 2008-09 the yield levels of maize were not increased, however, after third year of study i.e. from 2009 to 2011 the yield levels were improved because of improvement of the fertility and microbial status of the soil. Similarly, in wheat also the yield levels during the first two years i.e. 2006-07 and 2007-08 were low and almost same but there after an impressive increase in yield levels of wheat was obtained till 2011-12 due to continuous increase in fertility levels of the soil. The treatment effects on yield contributing characters of maize and wheat were significant which ultimately increased the grain yields significantly over the control during all the years of experimentation. Irrespective of the doses of different composts, FYM + HC, VC + HC and FYM + VC being at par with each other produced higher values of almost all the yield attributes both of maize and wheat which ultimately resulted in significantly higher maize and wheat equivalent yields over the remaining treatments i.e. FYM, Vermicompost and Him compost when applied alone during all the years of study. The nutrient status (organic carbon (%), available nitrogen, phosphorus & potassium) and microbial status (Total count, N-fixers, P-solubilizers, fungus & actinomycetes) were improved tremendously in six years of study (2006-07 to 2011-12) as compared to the initial status. *Corresponding Author: Dr. J.P. Saini, Professor & Head, Department of Organic Agriculture, CSKHPKV,Palampur,(H.P.) 176062-India. Contact No. +91 98160 29019 TeleFax: +91-1894-230402, E-mail: [email protected]

A deep multi-modal neural network for informative Twitter content classification during emergencies

YesPeople start posting tweets containing texts, images, and videos as soon as a disaster hits an area. The analysis of these disaster-related tweet texts, images, and videos can help humanitarian response organizations in better decision-making and prioritizing their tasks. Finding the informative contents which can help in decision making out of the massive volume of Twitter content is a difficult task and require a system to filter out the informative contents. In this paper, we present a multi-modal approach to identify disaster-related informative content from the Twitter streams using text and images together. Our approach is based on long-short-term-memory (LSTM) and VGG-16 networks that show significant improvement in the performance, as evident from the validation result on seven different disaster-related datasets. The range of F1-score varied from 0.74 to 0.93 when tweet texts and images used together, whereas, in the case of only tweet text, it varies from 0.61 to 0.92. From this result, it is evident that the proposed multi-modal system is performing significantly well in identifying disaster-related informative social media contents

Superlattice Patterns in Surface Waves

We report novel superlattice wave patterns at the interface of a fluid layer driven vertically. These patterns are described most naturally in terms of two interacting hexagonal sublattices. Two frequency forcing at very large aspect ratio is utilized in this work. A superlattice pattern ("superlattice-I") consisting of two hexagonal lattices oriented at a relative angle of 22^o is obtained with a 6:7 ratio of forcing frequencies. Several theoretical approaches that may be useful in understanding this pattern have been proposed. In another example, the waves are fully described by two superimposed hexagonal lattices with a wavelength ratio of sqrt(3), oriented at a relative angle of 30^o. The time dependence of this "superlattice-II" wave pattern is unusual. The instantaneous patterns reveal a time-periodic stripe modulation that breaks the 6-fold symmetry at any instant, but the stripes are absent in the time average. The instantaneous patterns are not simply amplitude modulations of the primary standing wave. A transition from the superlattice-II state to a 12-fold quasi-crystalline pattern is observed by changing the relative phase of the two forcing frequencies. Phase diagrams of the observed patterns (including superlattices, quasicrystalline patterns, ordinary hexagons, and squares) are obtained as a function of the amplitudes and relative phases of the driving accelerations.Comment: 15 pages, 14 figures (gif), to appear in Physica

P-SV valni algoritam konačnih razlika četvrtog reda točnosti na razmaknutoj mreži s varijabilnom veličinom mreže i VGR-metodom dijagnostike napetosti

The implementation of VGR-stress imaging technique, as a free surface boundary condition, in a (2, 4) staggered grid P-SV wave finite difference (FD) algorithm with a variable size of a grid cell is presented in this paper. VGR is acronym for \u27vertical grid-size reduction\u27. The qualitative and quantitative results confirmed that the effective thickness (ETH) of the first soil layer become less by one-half of the vertical size of a grid cell than the assigned thickness (ATH), if stress imaging technique is used as a free surface boundary condition. The results of various numerical experiments revealed that the stress imaging technique causes significant numerical dispersion of Rayleigh waves and the VGR-stress imaging technique is efficient enough to avoid the same. So, superiority associated with the VGR-stress imaging technique over the well stress imaging technique is that it avoids both the significant numerical dispersion of Rayleigh waves in homogeneous medium and the soil thickness discrepancy. The maximum grid spacing ratio (ratio of largest to smallest size of a grid cell) up to 6.0 did not affect the accuracy of FD algorithm with a variable size of a grid cell. In case of a variable size of a grid cell, the required computational memory and time for a particular basin-edge model was 6.43 and 16.62 times lesser than that required in case of uniform grid.Prikazana je primjena VGR-metode dijagnostike napetosti (engl. VGR-stress imaging technique), kao slobodnog rubnog uvjeta na površini, u (2,4) P-SV valnom algoritmu konačnih razlika (engl. finite difference, FD) na razmaknutoj mreži s varijabilnom veličinom mrežne ćelije. VGR je akronim za smanjenje vertikalne veličine mreže (engl. vertical grid-size reduction). Kvalitativni i kvantitativni rezultati potvrdili su da efektivna debljina (engl. effective thickness, ETH) prvog sloja tla postaje za polovinu vertikalnog koraka mreže manja od pridijeljene debljine (engl. assigned thickness, ATH), ukoliko se metoda dijagnostike napetosti koristi kao slobodan rubni uvjet na površini. Rezultati različitih numeričkih eksperimenata otkrili su da uobičajeno korištena metoda dijagnostike naprezanja dovodi do značajne numeričke disperzije Rayleighevih valova, dok je VGR-metoda dovoljno učinkovita da to izbjegne. Nadmoć VGR-metode nad dobro poznatom metodom dijagnostike napetosti se stoga očituje u izbjegavanju značajne numeričke disperzije Rayleighevih valova u homogenom sredstvu, kao i manjem odstupanju u debljini sloja tla. Maksimalni omjer koraka mreže (tj. omjer najveće prema najmanjoj veličini mrežne ćelije) do 6.0 nije utjecao na točnost FD algoritma s varijabilnom veličinom mrežne ćelije. U slučaju varijabilne mreže, računalna memorija i vrijeme računanja potrebni za određeni model ruba bazena bili su 6.43, odnosno 16.62 puta manji nego u slučaju jednolike mreže

Partial Dynamical SU(3) Symmetry and the Nature of the Lowest K=0 Collective Excitation in Deformed Nuclei

We discuss the implications of partial dynamical SU(3) symmetry (PDS) for the structure of the lowest K=0^{+} (K=0_2) collective excitation in deformed nuclei. We consider an interacting boson model Hamiltonian whose ground and gamma bands have good SU(3) symmetry while the K=0_2 band is mixed. It is shown that the double-phonon components in the K=0_2 wave function arise from SU(3) admixtures which, in turn, can be determined from absolute E2 rates connecting the K=0_2 and ground bands. An explicit expression is derived for these admixtures in terms of the ratio of K=0_2 and gamma bandhead energies. The SU(3) PDS predictions are compared with existing data and with broken-SU(3) calculations for ^{168}Er.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure