ANALISIS PUTUSAN HAKIM NOMOR 41/PID.SUS/2018/PN BATU LICIN, TENTANG PERKARA SEDIAAN FARMASI OBAT DAFTAR G JENIS CARNOPEN YANG TIDAK MEMILIKI IJIN DITINJAU DARI ASPEK KEADILAN

The main task of the judge is to accept, examine and try and settle every case submitted to him. It seems very simple for the judge's duties as referred to in Article 2 paragraph 1 of Law Number 48 of 2009, but in reality it is not easy and that simple. The formulation of the problem in this study is 1) What is the Basic Consideration of Judge Judge Number 41 / Pid.Sus / 2018 / PN Batu Licin about the case of circulating pharmaceutical preparations for the list of G types of carnopen that do not have permission? 2) How is the Decision Number 41 / Pid.Sus / 2018 / PN Batu Licin concerning the case of circulating pharmaceutical preparations of the list of drugs G type carnopen that do not have permission in terms of aspects of justice? The approach used in this writing is normative juridical. The data used in this study are primary and secondary data. Analysis of legal materials used in this study is descriptive quality. The results of the analysis show that the basis for the Judgment of Judge Number 41 / Pid.Sus / 2018 / PN Batu Licin about the case of circulating pharmaceutical drug preparations list G types of carnopen which do not have permission, namely subjectively in this case, which is concerning a priori behavioral attitudes, behavioral attitudes emotional, arrogant and moral attitude. Objectively, that is regarding social, cultural and economic backgrounds, professionally. Decision Number 41 / Pid.Sus / 2018 / PN Batu Licin concerning cases circulating pharmaceutical preparations of the list of G types of carnopen which do not have permission in terms of justice, namely 1) declaring the aforementioned Defendant Candra Bin Rahmadi legally and convincingly guilty committing a criminal offense "intentionally circulating Pharmaceutical preparations that do not have marketing authorization" as in the primary indictment 2) Imposing a sentence to the Defendant because of that with imprisonment for 1 (one) year and 2 (two) months and a fine of Rp.2,000,000 00 (two million rupiahs) with the provision that if the fine is not paid is replaced by a confinement for 1 (one) month; and 3) Determine the period of arrest and detention that has been carried out by the Defendant entirely deducted from the sentence imposed

初期治療としてのブレオマイシン, エトポシドおよびシスプラチン併用化学療法に対して良好な反応を示した転移性胚細胞腫瘍の予後解析

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of first-line bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin (BEP) chemotherapy in Japanese patients with metastatic germ cell tumors (GCTs). Between 1996 and 2006, 88 male patients with metastatic GCTs were treated with first-line BEP at our institution. Of these 88, 47 (16, seminoma; 31, nonseminoma), who did not receive high-dose chemotherapy following BEP because of the normalization of serum tumor markers, were included in this study. The primary site was the testis in 42 patients, retroperitoneum in 3, and mediastinum in 2. The full-dose regimen used for BEP consisted of cisplatin 20 mg/m2 on days 1 to 5, etoposide 100 mg/m2 on days 1 to 5, and bleomycin on days 2, 9 and 16. Therapeutic outcome was assessed according to several clinicopathological parameters. Following 2 to 4 cycles of BEP (median, 4 cycles), alpha-fetoprotein, beta-human chorionic gonadotropin and lactate dehydrogenase were normalized in all 47 patients. Eighteen patients (38.3%) achieved a complete response (CR) after BEP alone, while BEP resulted in a partial response and stable disease in the remaining 23 (48.9%) and 6 (12.8%), respectively. In addition, surgical resection of the residual tumors following BEP was performed in 15 patients, of whom 12 (80.0%) and 3 (20.0%) achieved pathological and surgical CR, respectively. At a median follow-up of 27 months, all patients were alive; however, disease recurrence occurred in 5 (seminoma, 1; nonseminoma, 4), and all these 5 were subsequently treated with high-dose chemotherapy as salvage therapy. In this series, 1-, 3- and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates were 95.0, 91.4 and 79.2%, respectively, and, there was no significant difference in recurrence-free survival between patients with seminoma and those with nonseminoma. These findings suggested that patients with metastatic GCTs, regardless of histological subtype (i.e., seminoma or nonseminoma), who showed favorable response to first-line BEP chemotherapy, could achieve an excellent prognostic outcome.1996年から2006年の間に初回化学療法としてブレオマイシン, エトポシドおよびシスプラチン併用化学療法(BEP療法)を施行した転移性胚細胞腫瘍 88例中, BEP療法に対して良好な反応を示したため, 引き続き大量化学療法を施行しなかった47例を対象に, その治療成績を検討した。47例の組織型はセミノーマおよび非セミノーマが, それぞれ16および31例で, 原発部位は精巣, 後腹膜および縦隔が, それぞれ42, 3および2例であった。BEP療法を 2～4コース(中央値, 4コース)施行後, AFP, β-HCGおよびLDHは全例において正常化し, 18, 23および6例を, それぞれCR, PRおよび SDと診断した。残存病巣を有する29例中15例に対して外科切除を施行し, 12および3例が, それぞれ病理学的および外科的CRと診断された。経過観察期間の中央値は27ヵ月で全例が生存中であるが, 5例に再発を認めた。再発症例には, 救済化学療法として大量化学療法を全例に施行した。47例の1, 3および5年非再発率は, それぞれ95.0, 91.4および79.2%であり, セミノーマおよび非セミノーマ症例の非再発率に有意差を認めなかった。以上より, 初回化学療法としてのBEP療法に良好な反応を示した転移性胚細胞腫瘍症例に対しては, 必要に応じて外科療法および強力な救済化学療法を追加することで, 優れた治療成績を挙げることが可能であるものと考えられた

Superconductor-based Light Emitting Diode: Demonstration of Role of Cooper Pairs in Radiative Recombination Processes

A light emitting diode with superconducting Nb electrodes was fabricated to investigate the contribution of cooper pairs to radiative recombination in a semiconductor. Electroluminescence observed from the active layer in which electron cooper pairs and normal holes are injected was drastically enhanced at the temperature lower than the superconducting transition temperature of the Nb electrodes. This is the first experimental evidence that cooper pairs enhance radiative recombinations by the superradiance effect

Origin of the blueshift of photoluminescence in a type-II heterostructure

Blueshifts of luminescence observed in type-II heterostructures are quantitatively examined in terms of a self-consistent approach including excitonic effects. This analysis shows that the main contribution to the blueshift originates from the well region rather than the variation of triangular potentials formed in the barrier region. The power law for the blueshift, ΔEPL ∝ Plaserm, from m = 1/2 for lower excitation Plaser to m = 1/4 for higher excitation, is obtained from the calculated results combined with a rate equation analysis, which also covers the previously believed m = 1/3 power law within a limited excitation range. The present power law is consistent with the blueshift observed in a GaAsSb/GaAs quantum well

Long Range Ordering of a Linear-Chain Heisenberg Antiferromagnet, TANOL, below 1K(Physics)

Magnetization of TANOL (4-hydroxy-2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidinoxy) has been measured with the proton NMR method below 1 K. The antiferromagnetic transition temperature T_N is determined to be 0.49±0.01 K under an external magnetic field of 1.6 kOe, which is in good agreement with the value obtained by Boucher et al. from a heat capacity measurement. The reason of the discrepancy between this value and the previously reported one is discussed. The sublattice magnetization as a function of temperature, M(T), is represented by (1-0.729T^2) in the region below 0.35 K. Critical index of the magnetization, β, is estimated to be 0.335±0.02

Bonding-Based Wafer-Level Vacuum Packaging Using Atomic Hydrogen Pre-Treated Cu Bonding Frames

A novel surface activation technology for Cu-Cu bonding-based wafer-level vacuum packaging using hot-wire-generated atomic hydrogen treatment was developed. Vacuum sealing temperature at 300 °C was achieved by atomic hydrogen pre-treatment for Cu native oxide reduction, while 350 °C was needed by the conventional wet chemical oxide reduction procedure. A remote-type hot-wire tool was employed to minimize substrate overheating by thermal emission from the hot-wire. The maximum substrate temperature during the pre-treatment is lower than the temperature of Cu nano-grain re-crystallization, which enhances Cu atomic diffusion during the bonding process. Even after 24 h wafer storage in atmospheric conditions after atomic hydrogen irradiation, low-temperature vacuum sealing was achieved because surface hydrogen species grown by the atomic hydrogen treatment suppressed re-oxidation. Vacuum sealing yield, pressure in the sealed cavity and bonding shear strength by atomic hydrogen pre-treated Cu-Cu bonding are 90%, 5 kPa and 100 MPa, respectively, which are equivalent to conventional Cu-Cu bonding at higher temperature. Leak rate of the bonded device is less than 10−14 Pa m3 s−1 order, which is applicable for practical use. The developed technology can contribute to low-temperature hermetic packaging

Superconductor-Based Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes: Role of Cooper Pairs in Generating Entangled Photon Pairs

The realization of solid-state photon sources that are capable of on-demand generation of an entangled single-photon pair at a time is highly desired for quantum information processing and communication. A new method of generating an entangled single-photon pair at a time is proposed employing Cooper-pair-related radiative recombination in a quantum dot (QD). Cooper pairs are bosons and the control of their number states is difficult. Pauli's exclusion principle on quasiparticles in a discrete state of a QD regulates the number state of the generated photon pairs in this scheme. The fundamental heterostructures for constructing superconductor-based quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (SQ-LEDs) and the fundamental operation conditions of SQ-LED will be discussed. The experimental studies on Cooper-pair injection into the related semiconductor structures will be also discussed