MIR100 (microRNA 100)

Review on MIR100 (microRNA 100), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated

Urinary continence and pathological outcome after bladder neck preservation during radical retropubic prostatectomy: A randomized prospective trial

Purpose: Bladder neck preservation during radical prostatectomy has been advocated for improving urinary continence. We compared bladder neck preservation and resection in a randomized trial, looking at continence rates and surgical cancer control.Materials and Methods: Patients with stage T1c-T2c prostate cancer underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy with maximal preservation of the external urinary sphincter. Bladder neck preservation or resection was chosen by chance during surgery. Urinary continence (1 or no protective pad daily) was assessed by interview 2 days after catheter removal, and 2 and 6 months after surgery. the surgeon, pathologist and interviewer were the same throughout. Neither patient nor interviewer knew which procedure was done. Planned enrollment was 120.Results: Enrollment was stopped after 70 patients because surgical margins were positive only at the bladder neck in 10% of the preservation group but in none of the resection group (p = 0.08). Each group was assigned 35 patients but the bladder neck could not be preserved in 4 and 1 died, leaving 31 in the preservation group and 38 in the resection group. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in early or late urinary continence rates. Two days after catheter removal, and 2 and 6 months after surgery the respective rates were 79%, 87% and 95% with resection, and 67%, 87% and 97% with preservation.Conclusions: in our opinion bladder neck preservation during radical retropubic prostatectomy does not improve urinary continence and might compromise cancer control. the external sphincter appears more important for continence after radical prostatectomy.Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Div Urol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Div Pathol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Div Urol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Div Pathol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Low clinical stage renal cell carcinoma: Relevance of microvascular tumor invasion as a prognostic parameter

Purpose: Renal cell carcinoma is a tumor with unpredictable behavior and defining reliable prognostic factors would be extremely valuable in the clinical setting. Tumor stage, nuclear grade and tumor cell type are the main prognostic clinical parameters available. in this study we evaluated the role of microvascular involvement in the primary lesion for predicting tumor behavior in patients with low stage clinical disease.Materials and Methods: A total of 95 patients with clinically localized renal cell carcinoma (stages T-1-T-2 N-x M-0) underwent radical nephrectomy and/or nephron sparing surgery, and were followed for a median of 45 months. the impact of microvascular tumor invasion on disease progression and its correlation with known pathological outcomes (tumor size, nuclear grade and cell type) were studied.Results: Microvascular tumor invasion was observed in 24 patients (25%), of whom 50% had disease recurrence. of the 71 patients without microvascular invasion only 4 (6%) showed tumor recurrence. When microvascular invasion was correlated with other histological parameters, a significant statistical association was noted with tumor diameter, perirenal fat invasion, macroscopic extension to the renal vein, nuclear grade, lymph node metastasis and sarcomatous elements in the tumor. Multivariate analysis showed that microvascular invasion and the involvement of regional lymph nodes were independent predictors of disease recurrence. Concerning cancer specific survival, microvascular invasion and perirenal fat infiltration were the only factors related to death.Conclusions: Microvascular invasion is an independent and relevant clinical prognostic parameter for low clinical stage renal cell carcinoma.Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Urol, São Paulo, BrazilHosp Sirio Libanes, Div Surg Pathol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Urol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the bladder

Lymphomas of the bladder are rare lesions, representing approximately 0.2% of the primary neoplastic lesions and approximately 1.8% of the secondary lesions in this organ. The authors report the case of a 41-year old patient with secondary lymphoma of the bladder occurring 2 years after treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, diagnosed by biopsy of cervical lymph node, and analyze the clinical and prognostic aspects of bladder lymphomas

Alterations of the CCND1 and HER-2/neu (ERBB2) proteins in esophageal and gastric cancers

We evaluated the relationship of amplification and polysomy of both the CCND1 and the ERBB2 (alias HER-2/NEU) genes to the overexpression of their proteins in esophageal and gastric cancers and also their association with clinicopathological features. CCND1 gene amplification (45%) was more prevalent than polysomy (25%) in esophageal carcinoma, but the pattern observed was similar in gastric adenocarcinoma (10% amplification, 15% polysomy). For ERBB2, polysomy was a more frequent mechanism than amplification in both esophageal (32.5 vs. 7.5%) and gastric (15 vs. 5%) cancers. Overexpression of cyclin D1 protein was identified in 37.5% of the specimens of esophageal tumors and 35% of gastric tumors, and overexpression of Her-2/neu protein in 12.5 and 7.5%, respectively. The K-statistics revealed a fair agreement in both types of turners only in overexpression and amplification of the CCND1 ggene; the ERBB2 gene showed a fair agreement in amplification and polysomy and the level of protein expression in gastric adenocarcinorna. Thus, polysomy 17 could contribute to a high Her-2/neu protein level, at least in gastric cancer. Our data indicated an association with alcohol consumption and the CCND1 gene or protein levels, in both esophageal and gastric cancers. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Nanoradiopharmaceuticals for breast cancer imaging: development, characterization, and imaging in inducted animals

Michelle Alvares Sarcinelli,1,2 Marta de Souza Albernaz,3 Marzena Szwed,4 Alexandre Iscaife,2 Kátia Ramos Moreira Leite,2 Mara de Souza Junqueira,5 Emerson Soares Bernardes,6 Emerson Oliveira da Silva,1 Maria Ines Bruno Tavares,1 Ralph Santos-Oliveira7 1Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 2Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil; 3Radiopharmacy Sector, University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 4Department of Thermobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; 5Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil; 6Radiopharmacy Center, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), São Paulo, Brazil; 7Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmaceuticals, Zona Oeste State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Abstract: Monoclonal antibodies as polymeric nanoparticles are quite interesting and endow this new drug category with many advantages, especially by reducing the number of adverse reactions and, in the case of radiopharmaceuticals, also reducing the amount of radiation (dose) administered to the patient. In this study, a nanoradiopharmaceutical was developed using polylactic acid (PLA)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/montmorillonite (MMT)/trastuzumab nanoparticles labeled with technetium-99m (99mTc) for breast cancer imaging. In order to confirm the nanoparticle formation, atomic force microscopy and dynamic light scattering were performed. Cytotoxicity of the nanoparticle and biodistribution with 99mTc in healthy and inducted animals were also measured. The results from atomic force microscopy showed that the nanoparticles were spherical, with a size range of ~200–500 nm. The dynamic light scattering analysis demonstrated that over 90% of the nanoparticles produced had a size of 287 nm with a zeta potential of -14,6 mV. The cytotoxicity results demonstrated that the nanoparticles were capable of reaching breast cancer cells. The biodistribution data demonstrated that the PLA/PVA/MMT/trastuzumab nanoparticles labeled with 99mTc have great renal clearance and also a high uptake by the lesion, as ~45% of the PLA/PVA/MMT/trastuzumab nanoparticles injected were taken up by the lesion. The data support PLA/PVA/MMT/trastuzumab labeled with 99mTc nanoparticles as nanoradiopharmaceuticals for breast cancer imaging. Keywords: radiopharmaceuticals, nanotechnology, oncology, breast cancer, molecular imaging, nanomedicine, nuclear pharmac

Monoclonality of asynchronous bilateral lymphoma of the testis

Objectives: Lymphoma is the most frequent testicular malignancy in men over 60 years of age. Even though patients present initially with localized disease, the high incidence of bilateral involvement, synchronous or not, and early systemic dissemination are characteristic of these neoplasms. Sometimes the interval between tumor involvement of both testes is long. the question is raised whether either the patient has a predisposition to present new clones of transformed lymphocytes, or the same disease using the same pathway from a systemic reservoir infiltrates the contralateral testis.Method: Polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing were used to detect immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) rearrangement in paraffin-embedded specimens from asynchronous tumors affecting the right and left testis of a 85-year-old man with an interval period of 13 months.Results: Both tumors showed the same IgH rearrangement.Conclusions.. the lymphoma affecting the left and right testis derived from the same clone. It makes a strong case that lymphoma of the testis is the first manifestation of a systemic disease and should be treated aggressively early at the beginning of the disease. Copyright (C) 2000 S. Karger AG. Basel.Sirio Libanes Hosp, Lab Mol & Surg Pathol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Div Urol, São Paulo, BrazilHosp A C Camargo, Lab Pathol Clin & Hemoterapia, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Div Urol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc