Localization of the eigenvalues of linear integral equations with applications to linear ordinary differential equations

Localization of linear integral equation eigenvalues with applications to linear ordinary differential equation

The Differential Relationship Between Work-Family Conflict, Work Characteristics, And Psychological Distress Among Partnered And Single Mothers

Women’s increasing participation in the workforce and the growing number of single mothers in the U.S. have prompted work-family scholars to explore the unique struggles these mothers face. Most research indicates that single mothers experience both more work-family conflict, and worse mental health compared to their partnered counterparts. Limited research, however, has considered how work-family conflict and work characteristics differentially relate to the psychological distress of partnered and single mothers. Using the Job Demands-Resources model, this research explored partnered and single mothers’ experiences of work-family conflict, work characteristics, and psychological distress using data from the 2008 National Study of the Changing Workforce (N = 664). Findings from the OLS regression indicated that among both partnered and single mothers, education and work-family conflict were significantly related to psychological distress. A significant relationship between job pressure and psychological distress was found only among partnered mothers. These findings and their implications were discussed

A Design for a Family-Centered Nursery School Affiliated With a College Home Economics Program

Although today we are just as concerned as ever about what is happening to children in our society, we are also broadening the scope of our concern to include the parents. To put this philosophy into practice, it is obvious that all phases of family-life education, including the laboratory nursery schools which are associated with Divisions of Home Economics, ought to be “family-centered” rather than either “child-centered” or “adult-centered”. The problem, then, is to design a nursery school program that is family-centered; that is, one that not only meets the needs of the child, but also is cognizant of the needs of the other family members. The result of such a program should be an improvement in the quality of the family life of the families involved. The hypothesis that was tested in the study described here may be stated as follows: The nursery school program presented in this paper is an improvement over the traditional program in accomplishing the goal of better family living. In order to verify or negate the hypothesis, a program was put into operation at South Dakota State College under the auspices of the Department of Child Development and Family Relations in the Home Economics Division. At the end of two college quarters the parents of the twenty-four enrolled nursery school children were asked to evaluate the effect of the program on their family lives by filling out a questionnaire and returning it to the nursery school teachers anonymously

From Exposure To Effects: Examining The Cognitive Processes Underlying Effects Of the Real Cost Youth-Targeted Anti-Smoking Media Campaign

The goal of this dissertation is twofold: to assess anti-smoking campaign effects, and examine the ad-induced, cognitive processes that account for effective anti-smoking advertisements. The dissertation studies evaluate ads from “The Real Cost” anti-smoking campaign, a public education campaign aimed at reducing tobacco use among U.S. adolescents. Study 1 examines the relationship between self-reported recall of specific ads and anti-smoking belief endorsement in a nationally-representative sample of nonsmoking adolescents. To address limitations from Study 1, Study 2 evaluates the relationship between opportunities for exposure using Target Rating Points (TRPs), a measure of campaign reach and frequency, and anti-smoking belief endorsement in a nationally-representative sample of nonsmoking adolescents. Studies 3 and 4 employ functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine how anti-smoking ads are received and processed by the adolescent brain. Study 3 examines the relationships between ad-elicited neural response and subsequent ratings of perceived ad effectiveness and intention to share ads on social media in a sample of forty adolescent nonsmokers. Study 4 examines the moderating effect of ad-elicited brain response on the relationship between opportunities for campaign exposure and population-level ad recall. Analyses were conducted with a combined dataset representing: ad recall from a nationally-representative survey of adolescents; weekly, ad-specific TRPs; and ad-elicited neural response in brain regions implicated in social processing and memory encoding from a separate sample of adolescents. From the studies that comprise this dissertation, we can conclude the following: 1) opportunities for exposure and recalled exposure to campaign ads associate with endorsement of ad-targeted beliefs, suggesting the campaign has been effective through the theorized pathway of effects 2) ads that are perceived as more effective elicit greater response in brain regions implicated in social processing, and 3) ad-induced neural response in social processing and memory encoding brain regions partially explains the relationship between opportunities for ad exposure and recalled exposure. Findings suggest that neural measures of ad processing may be an important tool for forecasting which ads will be more effective in a target audience. These conclusions have important implications for the future design and implementation of mass media campaigns

Schwerpunktthema Vogelfraß bei Mais, Sonnenblumen und Körnerleguminosen

Der Vogelfraß stellt im biologischen Landbau ein großes Problem dar. In der konventionellen Landwirtschaft wird das Problem des Vogelfraßes mit chemischen Repellentien in Schach gehalten. Diese Maßnahmen sind im biologischen Landbau nicht zulässig. Es gibt noch sehr wenig Forschung zur Eindämmung des Vogelfraßes im biologischen Landbau. Das Institut für Nematologie und Wirbeltierkunde der Biologischen Bundesanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft in Deutschland hat 2 Forschungsprojekte zum Thema Einsatz von Knallschreckgeräten und Einsatz von Naturstoffen als Vogelrepellentien abgeschlossen. Aus dem zweiten Projekt ging ein Folgeprojekt hervor, das im Moment am laufen ist. Der Titel des laufenden Forschungsprojektes unter der Leitung von Dr. Jens Jacob lautet: „Vermeidung von Vogelfraß durch Repellentien aus Naturstoffen“. Die Literatur versucht vor allem das Problem Vogelfraß durch gerechte Standortwahl, Aussaatzeitpunkt, Berücksichtigung des Bodenzustands und Aussaattiefe zu minimieren. Berater und der Agrarhandel setzten teilweise auf alternativere Lösungen, die aber aus der praktischen Erfahrung stammen und nicht wissenschaftlich untersucht worden sind