Population, Land Use and Deforestation in the Pan Amazon Basin: a Comparison of Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú and Venezuela

This paper discusses the linkages between population change, land use, and deforestation in the Amazon regions of Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, and Venezuela. We begin with a brief discussion of theories of population–environment linkages, and then focus on the case of deforestation in the PanAmazon. The core of the paper reviews available data on deforestation, population growth, migration and land use in order to see how well land cover change reflects demographic and agricultural change. The data indicate that population dynamics and net migration exhibit to deforestation in some states of the basin but not others. We then discuss other explanatory factors for deforestation, and find a close correspondence between land use and deforestation, which suggests that land use is loosely tied to demographic dynamics and mediates the influence of population on deforestation. We also consider national political economic contexts of Amazon change in the six countries, and find contrasting contexts, which also helps to explain the limited demographic-deforestation correspondence. The paper closes by noting general conclusions based on the data, topics in need of further research and recent policy proposals.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/42720/1/10668_2003_Article_6977.pd

Population redistribution in Africa : proceedings of the symposium in Zaria, Nigeria

Meeting: Symposium on Population Redistribution in Africa, 25-30 July 1978, Zaria, NGThe table of contents for this item can be shared with the requester. The requester may then choose one chapter, up to 10% of the item, as per the Fair Dealing provision of the Canadian Copyright Ac

Privacy in Social Collective Intelligence Systems

The impact of Social Collective Intelligent Systems (SCIS) on the individual right of privacy is discussed in this chapter under the light of the relevant privacy principles of the European Data Protection Legal Framework and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Privacy Guidelines. This chapter analyzes the impact and limits of profiling, provenance and reputation on the right of privacy and review the legal privacy protection for profiles. From the technical perspective, we discuss opportunities and challenges for designing privacy-preserving systems for SCIS concerning collectives and decentralized systems. Furthermore, we present a selection of privacy-enhancing technologies that are relevant for SCIS: anonymous credentials, transparency-enhancing tools and the PrimeLife Policy Language. Finally, we discuss how these technologies can help to enforce the main legal principles of the European Data Protection Legal Framework, and argue how provenance and reputation can be designed in a privacy preserving manner

Completeness of Reidemeister-Type Moves on Labelled Apparent Contours

4In this chapter we shall prove that there exists a finite set of simple, or elementary, moves (also called rules) on labelled apparent contours, such that the following property holds: two images of two stable embeddings of a closed smooth (not necessarily connected) surface are space isotopic if and only if their apparent contours can be connected using finitely many isotopies of the plane, and a finite sequence of elementary moves or of their inverses (sometimes called “reverses”).nonenoneBellettini, Giovanni; Beorchia, Valentina; Paolini, Maurizio; Pasquarelli, FrancoBellettini, Giovanni; Beorchia, Valentina; Paolini, Maurizio; Pasquarelli, Franc