5 research outputs found
SmartBFA: A passive crowdsourcing system for point-to-point barrier-free access
National Research Foundation (NRF) Singapore under its Industry Alignment Fund (Pre-positioning) Funding Initiative; Tote Board’s Enabling Lives Initiative (TB-ELI) Gran
Erythrocyte Membrane-Enveloped Polymeric Nanoparticles as Nanovaccine for Induction of Antitumor Immunity against Melanoma
Cancer immunotherapy is mainly focused on manipulating patient’s own immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells. Vaccine formulations based on nanotechnology have been developed to target delivery antigens to antigen presenting cells (APCs), especially dendritic cells (DCs) for efficiently induction of antigen–specific T cells response. To enhance DC targeting and antigen presenting efficiency, we developed erythrocyte membrane-enveloped poly(d,l-lactide-<i>co</i>-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles for antigenic peptide (hgp100<sub>25–33</sub>) and toll-like receptor 4 agonist, monophosphoryl lipid (MPLA). A Mannose-inserted membrane structure was constructed to actively target APCs in the lymphatic organ, and redox-sensitive peptide-conjugated PLGA nanoparticles were fabricated which prone to cleave in the intracellular milieu. The nanovaccine demonstrated the retained protein content in erythrocyte and enhanced <i>in vitro</i> cell uptake. An antigen-depot effect was observed in the administration site with promoted retention in draining lymph nodes. Compared with other formulations after intradermal injection, the nanovaccine prolonged tumor-occurring time, inhibited tumor growth, and suppressed tumor metastasis in prophylactic, therapeutic, and metastatic melanoma models, respectively. Additionally, we revealed that nanovaccine effectively enhanced IFN-γ secretion and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell response. Taken together, these results demonstrated the great potential in applying an erythrocyte membrane-enveloped polymeric nanoplatform for an antigen delivery system in cancer immunotherapy
Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Nanogel for the Combinatorial Antitumor Effect of Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy
A biomimetic
nanogel with tumor microenvironment responsive property
is developed for the combinatorial antitumor effects of chemotherapy
and immunotherapy. Nanogels are formulated with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin
acrylate and two opposite charged chitosan derivatives for entrapping
anticancer drug paclitaxel and precisely controlling the pH responsive
capability, respectively. The nanogel supported erythrocyte membrane
can achieve “nanosponge” property for delivering immunotherapeutic
agent interleukin-2 without reducing the bioactivity. By responsively
releasing drugs in tumor microenvironment, the nanogels significantly
enhanced antitumor activity with improved drug penetration, induction
of calreticulin exposure, and increased antitumor immunity. The tumor
microenvironment is remodeled by the combination of these drugs in
low dosage, as evidenced by the promoted infiltration of immune effector
cells and reduction of immunosuppressive factors
NTIRE 2022 Challenge on Efficient Super-Resolution: Methods and Results
This paper reviews the NTIRE 2022 challenge on efficient single image
super-resolution with focus on the proposed solutions and results. The task of
the challenge was to super-resolve an input image with a magnification factor
of 4 based on pairs of low and corresponding high resolution images.
The aim was to design a network for single image super-resolution that achieved
improvement of efficiency measured according to several metrics including
runtime, parameters, FLOPs, activations, and memory consumption while at least
maintaining the PSNR of 29.00dB on DIV2K validation set. IMDN is set as the
baseline for efficiency measurement. The challenge had 3 tracks including the
main track (runtime), sub-track one (model complexity), and sub-track two
(overall performance). In the main track, the practical runtime performance of
the submissions was evaluated. The rank of the teams were determined directly
by the absolute value of the average runtime on the validation set and test
set. In sub-track one, the number of parameters and FLOPs were considered. And
the individual rankings of the two metrics were summed up to determine a final
ranking in this track. In sub-track two, all of the five metrics mentioned in
the description of the challenge including runtime, parameter count, FLOPs,
activations, and memory consumption were considered. Similar to sub-track one,
the rankings of five metrics were summed up to determine a final ranking. The
challenge had 303 registered participants, and 43 teams made valid submissions.
They gauge the state-of-the-art in efficient single image super-resolution.Comment: Validation code of the baseline model is available at
https://github.com/ofsoundof/IMDN. Validation of all submitted models is
available at https://github.com/ofsoundof/NTIRE2022_ES