Epidemiological study of the involvement between the condition of periodontal tissue to frailty and social capital

Frailty is a cause of a nursing care status for the elderly people. Generally, elderly people get aged by various diseases such as Non–Communicable Diseases, stress, and lifestyle diseases overlap, and go through a period of frailty to necessary support, state of longterm care required stages. Therefore, efforts to stop weakness during the frailty period which can return to a healthy state, that is, to extend healthy life span is very important in future medical care.Social capital is characterized as a capital of a social organization that leads cooperative action to achieve the objectives of “social connection: network”, “norm”, “trust”, and has been reported a deep relationship with healthy life.Therefore, by examining the relationship between the health condition of the periodontal tissue, and the frailty and social capital, we focused on the influence on the healthy life from the health condition of the periodontal tissue. In other words, in this study, through the hypothesis that the health condition of periodontal tissue correlates with the frailty, and that individualsʼ social capital deteriorates due to frailty, it was aimed to elucidate whether the health condition of the periodontal tissue affects the healthy life span or not. A correlation tendency between the pre frailty state and the number of present teeth and the feeling of oral health of social capital was observed. When the pre frailty state worsened, the number of present teeth increased, and if the oral health condition at the questionnaire was bad, pre frailty state worsened. Further studies are needed to increase the number of cases in the future to determine whether oral condition due to periodontal disease is associated with frailty

Porphyromonas gingivalis SOD の活性中心金属の近位には，トレオニンがセリンよりも優先的に選択される:155位Gly をSer に変異させた影響

Summary In this study, we analyzed the cambialistic superoxide dismutases (SODs) of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg–SODs) with a mutation directed at glycine position 155 to introduce serine. Glycine 155 is a highly conserved outer sphere in manganese–containing SODs (Mn–SODs), even though threonine is substituted at this position in most iron–containing SODs (Fe–SODs). Conversion of glycine 155 may affect the metal–specific activity of SODs, including that of cambialistic Pg–SODs.Previously, we reported that a Pg–SOD Gly155Thr mutant exhibited a substantially changed metalspecific activity from that of a cambialistic type to an Fe–specific type. Although serine and threonine equally contribute to protein function, serine has never been observed at position 155 in SODs. In order to elucidate this phenomenon, we created a Pg–SOD mutant Gly155Ser. The specific Fedependent activity of this mutant was almost identical to the wild–type SOD, whereas the Mndependent activity exhibited a 60% reduction. The ultraviolet–visible absorption of Fe– and Mnreconstituted mutant SODs did not exhibit characteristic absorption spectra. Similar to the wild–typeSODs, the mutant SODs exhibited a single band with identical mobilities after separation by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. However, their behavior after anion–exchange chromatography differed from that of the wild–type SODs. Thus, Gly155 is considered to be an essential residue for maintaining the hydrogen–bond network for Mn–specific and Fe/Mn–tolerant activity. Gly155 was possibly retained instead of Ser during the evolution of SODs owing to its increased efficiency in maintaining a dimeric structure

Porphyromonas gingivalis SOD における活性中心近傍に局在するアミノ酸残基の金属特異的活性における関与：Leu ₇2 Trp およびLeu ₇6 Phe の2残基変異による検討

The role of superoxide dismutase (SOD) as a radical scavenger in Porphyromonas gingivalis is well documented. P. gingivalis SOD (Pg SOD), which is characterized by a metal–tolerant activity, can use either iron or manganese as a cofactor. Leu ₇2 and Leu ₇6, located near the active–site metal, are characteristic amino acid sequences of Pg SOD proteins, although they are substituted to Trp in the ₇2 position and Phe in the ₇6 position in most iron–containing SOD (Fe–SOD) proteins. In the present study, we constructed a mutant of the enzyme with changes from Leu ₇2 to Trp and Leu ₇6 to Phe. This mutant SOD was examined with respect to its metal–dependent activity and structural characterization. We herein conclude the integrity of Leu ₇2 and Leu ₇6 is a necessary requisite for the metal–tolerant activity of Pg SOD

Porphyromonas gingivalis スーパーオキシドジスムターゼの構造における72位Leu をTrp に置換した影響

Porphyromonas gingivalis contains a single constitutive superoxide dismutase (SOD) that is active with either iron or manganese at the active site. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the Leu ₇2 to Trp mutation on the structure of P. gingivalis SOD (Pg SOD) using lectrophoretic characterization. Leu ₇2, which is located near the active site metal, is substituted with Trp in aligned amino acid sequences of iron–containing SOD. The results of electrophoretic characterization and the expressed activity of mutant SOD suggest that mutant SOD have the same gross structure as wild–type SOD. We herein conclude that the integrity of Leu ₇2 is a necessary requisite for the metal–tolerant activity of Pg SOD

Utilization of online real–time feedback application service “Mentimeter” in the lecture of Operative Dentistry for steps in order to pass the National Board Dental Examination at Matsumoto Dental University

Summary Many attempts to utilize ICT (Information and Communication Technology) tools have been made to promote active and interactive learning between teachers and students. A major area has been the introduction of education using clickers for dental students, and some reports indicated their effects. However, the introduction of mobile devices and software and their maintenance and management very costly. On the other hand, almost allundergraduate students of Matsumoto Dental University have a smartphone, and can connect to the Internet in the lecture room. Therefore, we conducted online exercises to pre- pare for the National Board Dental Examination using students’ smartphones and the online real–time voting service“Mentimeter” at the lecture of Operative Dentistry for 6th–year dental students of Matsumoto Dental University, in the school year of 2019. We also conducted some anonymous online questionnaires using Mentimeter. Thirty percent of the participating students answered that they were not good at conservation and restoration studies. Although 97% of students answered that the test questions conducted in the exercise using Mentimeter were difficult, 92% of the students answered that the exercise was effective in deepening their knowledge of Operative Dentistry. The results of the questionnaires suggested the effectiveness of the interactive lecture using Mentimeter in order to deepen and retain knowledge of Operative Dentistry

Attempt to introduce a new educational program in the clinical clerkship of operative dentistry for 5th grade students, School of Dentistry,Matsumoto Dental University Part2.Simulation training of direct composite veneer restoration

Summary A simulation practice of direct composite veneer restoration was newly started during the clinical training period of the 5th year conservatory course of Matsumoto Dental University since the AY 2020. This manuscript presents an overview of the program and examines its educational effects based on the evaluation of an anonymous questionnaire by students who participated in the program in 2020. 72 students in total participated in the 5th year clinical internship in AY 2020, and the program was conducted 9 times for 8 students each in the Department of Operative Dentistry. After a lecture and demonstration by the instructor, four pairs of two students each were assigned to practice direct composite veneer restoration without tooth reduction by applying the layering technique. After the practice, a lecture on the technique,materials and equipment used was given, followed by exercises on the relevant questions of the National Dental Examination that were asked in the past. After the program, an anonymous questionnaire was administered to the participants regarding their level of knowledge of direct composite veneer restoration before and after the program and their self–evaluation of the completion of their practice. The response rate of the questionnaires was 100%. After the program, 68% of the respondents answered that they “understood the direct composite veneer restoration very well” and 31% answered that they “understood it somewhat well. None of the respondents answered that they “did not understand much” or “did not understand at all. When asked whether the contents of the program deepened their knowledge of operative dentistry, 83% of the respondents answered “Very effective” and 15% answered “Somewhat effective”, and none of the respondents answered “Not very effective” or “Not at all effective”. These results suggested that the program was effective in deepening the knowledge level of operative dentistry