Human capital functioning in strategic management of the national economy

The choice of the research subject is determined by the important and ambiguous role of human that is at the same time an object of getting goods and a factor of providing them in global and national economies. Human with its multilevel needs and priorities is an initial object of national economy efforts. World development tendencies of the new economy need using new development mechanisms of the human capital at decreasing transactional costs. The aim of the article is to analyze functioning components of the human capital in the strategic management of the national economy and to substantiate development instruments of the human capital at developing a management strategy in economy. A methodological base of the research work is fundamental positions of a theory of social economy, human development, economic growth, social-labor relations. The study offers the author definition of the notion “human capital” as an accumulated potential of citizens, expressed in their education, life experience, attitude, skills that may be used for improving current and future economic and social prosperity. A research result is the theoretical substantiation of the development of human capital, considered as a function of the strategic management of human resources, integrated with developing a management strategy of the national economy and each economic unit. Such development provides the growth of a market value of the human capital and results in quantity and quality changes in the activity of organizations. At the same time the increase of transactional costs takes place. The scientific understanding of using diverse instruments of the human capital development as an element of the general management strategy is developed in the research. There is used the three-level development system of the human capital, each level of which is characterized by specific problems and unequal readiness of human capital owners to participate in realization of tasks of an organization and correspondingly needs using different methods and instruments. The further research direction provides ordering and systematization of human capital functions in the management strategy of the national economy for determining human capital development mechanisms

IRISIN KAO PREDIKTOR MIKROALBUMINURIJE U PRETILIH BOLESNIKA S KORONARNOM BOLEŠĆU

Background. Irisin is a recently discovered protein involved in energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism, and is potentially involved in atherosclerosis, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the irisin effect on microalbuminuria in obese patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods. Sixty-four adult subjects with CAD combined with obesity (59.38% of males), mean age 59.43±10.29 years, were enrolled in the study. Control group included 30 sex- and age-matched subjects. Obese patients with CAD were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=31) without microalbuminuria, and group 2 (n=33) with microalbuminuria. The urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR, range 30-300 mL/ mg) indicated microalbuminuria. Specifi c enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for serum irisin measurement. Results. Serum irisin concentrations were signifi cantly different in obese CAD patients with microalbuminuria 121.05 (103.07-133.19) ng/mL and those without it 130.21 (125.21-140.03) ng/mL compared to the control group 147.92 (139.04-172.55) ng/mL (p<0.001), and irisin level was signifi cantly lower in patients with microalbuminuria in comparison with normoalbuminuria (p=0.042). Univariate logistic regression analyses showed irisin to signifi cantly infl uence microalbuminuria (OR: 0.788, 95% CI 0.589-0.967, p=0.011). Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that serum irisin remained a signifi cant predictor of microalbuminuria (OR: 0.857, 95% CI 0.561-0.988, p=0.044). Conclusions. Lower irisin levels are an independent predictor of microalbuminuria in patients with CAD combined with obesity. Additional larger longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings.Pozadina: Irisin je nedavno otkriveni protein koji sudjeluje u energetskoj homeostazi i metabolizmu glukoze i potencijalno je uključen u aterosklerozu, pretilost, kardiovaskularne bolesti. Cilj studije bio je istražiti učinak irisina na mikroalbuminuriju u pretilih bolesnika s ishemijskom bolesti srca (IBS). Uzorak i metode: 64 odrasla ispitanika s koronarnom bolešću u kombinaciji s pretilošću (59,38 % muškaraca), prosječne dobi 59,43±10,29 godina; 30 ispitanika sastojalo se od kontrola usklađenih po spolu, dobi. Pregledani pretili bolesnici s IBS-om podijeljeni su u dvije skupine. Prva skupina (n=31) bila je bez mikroalbuminurije, a u drugoj su skupini (n=33) bili bolesnici s mikroalbuminurijom. Omjer albumina i kreatinina u mokraći (ACR u rasponu od 30-300 mL/mg) bio je pokazatelj mikroalbuminurije. Za mjerenje irisina u serumu korišten je enzimski imunosorbentni test. Rezultati: Utvrđeno je da se koncentracije irisina u serumu značajno razlikuju u pretilih bolesnika s IBS s mikroalbuminurijom 121.05 (103,07-133,19) ng/mL i bez mikroalbuminurije 130,21 (125,21-140,03) ng/mL u usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom 147,92 (139,04-172,55) ng/mL, p<0,001, a razina irisina značajno je smanjena u bolesnika s mikroalbuminurijom u usporedbi s normoalbuminurijom, p=0,042. Univarijatne logističke regresijske analize pokazale su da je irisin značajno utjecao na mikroalbuminuriju (OR: 0,788, 95 % CI 0,589-0,967, p=0,011). Više varijabilne logističke regresijske analize otkrile su da je irisin u serumu ostao značajan prediktor mikroalbuminurije (OR: 0,857, 95 % CI 0,561-0,988, p=0,044). Zaključak: Niže razine irisina neovisni su prediktor mikroalbuminurije u bolesnika s koronarnom bolešću u kombinaciji s pretilošću, ali potrebne su daljnje veće longitudinalne studije kako bi se potvrdili ti nalazi

IRISIN KAO PREDIKTOR MIKROALBUMINURIJE U PRETILIH BOLESNIKA S KORONARNOM BOLEŠĆU

Background. Irisin is a recently discovered protein involved in energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism, and is potentially involved in atherosclerosis, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the irisin effect on microalbuminuria in obese patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods. Sixty-four adult subjects with CAD combined with obesity (59.38% of males), mean age 59.43±10.29 years, were enrolled in the study. Control group included 30 sex- and age-matched subjects. Obese patients with CAD were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=31) without microalbuminuria, and group 2 (n=33) with microalbuminuria. The urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR, range 30-300 mL/ mg) indicated microalbuminuria. Specifi c enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for serum irisin measurement. Results. Serum irisin concentrations were signifi cantly different in obese CAD patients with microalbuminuria 121.05 (103.07-133.19) ng/mL and those without it 130.21 (125.21-140.03) ng/mL compared to the control group 147.92 (139.04-172.55) ng/mL (p<0.001), and irisin level was signifi cantly lower in patients with microalbuminuria in comparison with normoalbuminuria (p=0.042). Univariate logistic regression analyses showed irisin to signifi cantly infl uence microalbuminuria (OR: 0.788, 95% CI 0.589-0.967, p=0.011). Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that serum irisin remained a signifi cant predictor of microalbuminuria (OR: 0.857, 95% CI 0.561-0.988, p=0.044). Conclusions. Lower irisin levels are an independent predictor of microalbuminuria in patients with CAD combined with obesity. Additional larger longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings.Pozadina: Irisin je nedavno otkriveni protein koji sudjeluje u energetskoj homeostazi i metabolizmu glukoze i potencijalno je uključen u aterosklerozu, pretilost, kardiovaskularne bolesti. Cilj studije bio je istražiti učinak irisina na mikroalbuminuriju u pretilih bolesnika s ishemijskom bolesti srca (IBS). Uzorak i metode: 64 odrasla ispitanika s koronarnom bolešću u kombinaciji s pretilošću (59,38 % muškaraca), prosječne dobi 59,43±10,29 godina; 30 ispitanika sastojalo se od kontrola usklađenih po spolu, dobi. Pregledani pretili bolesnici s IBS-om podijeljeni su u dvije skupine. Prva skupina (n=31) bila je bez mikroalbuminurije, a u drugoj su skupini (n=33) bili bolesnici s mikroalbuminurijom. Omjer albumina i kreatinina u mokraći (ACR u rasponu od 30-300 mL/mg) bio je pokazatelj mikroalbuminurije. Za mjerenje irisina u serumu korišten je enzimski imunosorbentni test. Rezultati: Utvrđeno je da se koncentracije irisina u serumu značajno razlikuju u pretilih bolesnika s IBS s mikroalbuminurijom 121.05 (103,07-133,19) ng/mL i bez mikroalbuminurije 130,21 (125,21-140,03) ng/mL u usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom 147,92 (139,04-172,55) ng/mL, p<0,001, a razina irisina značajno je smanjena u bolesnika s mikroalbuminurijom u usporedbi s normoalbuminurijom, p=0,042. Univarijatne logističke regresijske analize pokazale su da je irisin značajno utjecao na mikroalbuminuriju (OR: 0,788, 95 % CI 0,589-0,967, p=0,011). Više varijabilne logističke regresijske analize otkrile su da je irisin u serumu ostao značajan prediktor mikroalbuminurije (OR: 0,857, 95 % CI 0,561-0,988, p=0,044). Zaključak: Niže razine irisina neovisni su prediktor mikroalbuminurije u bolesnika s koronarnom bolešću u kombinaciji s pretilošću, ali potrebne su daljnje veće longitudinalne studije kako bi se potvrdili ti nalazi

INSTITUTIONAL PLATFORMS OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMY

Institutional transformations in economies of countries are considered as the basis of their civilizational development. The concept was put forward that in order to ensure transformations in the economy, it is necessary to promote the formation of a specific set of institutional platforms – new institutes and institutions that will create an environment for the formation and development of a socially oriented market economic system of society. The main controversial components of the institutional platform include: institutional changes in the economy, the creation of the corporate sector, the development of human capital institutions. The purpose of the paper. The purpose of the study is to promote and reveal the essence of the formation of institutional platforms to ensure reforms of various components of a transformational economy. Methodology. Formation of institutional platforms of the transformational economy is investigated on the basis of the theory of institutional changes and such institutions of a market economy as property rights, the corporate sector, and human capital. Results. Institutional platforms of transformations are presented as continuous informal changes that are fixed in the formal institutional system of society in the form of legal acts, codes of conduct, and institutions designed to enforce them. It is substantiated that in order to ensure institutional transformations in the economy, it is necessary to form a dynamic institutional platform that determines the system of basic institutions. The process of formation and effective use of the institute of human capital is analysed, which becomes a priority for the economic development of the country’s potential. The presence of mature human capital predetermines the country’s economic potential and its strategic growth. The main content of the new economy is that human capital turns from a resource to the essence of development itself. An approach to developing an institutional platform for the development of human capital as a process of natural accumulation or the forced introduction of basic institutions capable of ensuring the emergence of new institutions or significantly modernizing existing rules is proposed. It is proved that transnational capital erases economic, political, and cultural national differences, forms a favourable global infrastructure, ensures the development of countries that define the basis of the world corporate economy. It is substantiated that, institutionally, a corporation creates a new type of economic relations, which are reflected in the rules and code of corporate behaviour. Institutional analysis created the conditions for developing a new approach to designing the trajectory of the development of the national economy on the grounds that the formation of a certain institutional system determines the trajectory of the further development of the state and world economy. Practical implications. Theoretical research should be the foundation of state policy in the management of the process of creating formal institutions as the basis of an institutional platform. This requires certain clarifications regarding the possible gap between the rules declared by the legislation and the mechanism for ensuring their observance, the basis for further research. Value/originality. The theoretical study is carried out personally by the authors of this scientific article

A new source resource from the history of Ukrainian science: the personal archival fund of the academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine A. V. Chekunov

The types of documents of the personal archival fund of the academician of the NAS of Ukraine A. V. Chekunov, which is deposited in the Institute of Archival Studies of VNLU, are examined and analyzed. In particular, these are scientific works of the scholar, biographical documents, photo documents, documents concerning scientific and organizational and public activities, the publishing activity of the fund-maker, his epistolary heritage, and documents collected by the scientist. Brief biographical information about the fund-maker as a geophysical scientist, widely known in the field of complex studies of the deep structure of the lithosphere, is presented. An attempt is made to determine A. V. Chekunov’s contribution to the development of geophysical and seismic-prognostic studies both in Ukraine and in other countries. A number of documents have been defi ned that enable researchers to comprehensively study the biography of the scientist and the results of his activities in the field of geophysical and geological sciences. It is established that the documents of the archival fund contain a variety of information on geophysical research in the Central and Eastern Europe conducted under the leadership of A. V. Chekunov, on his participation in the composition of maps and schemes of deep tectonic zoning, regarding his participation in international scientific programs, commissions, symposiums. It is proved that the scientist left a noticeable mark in the history of world science, introduced new methods in geophysical science, for example, the deep seismic sounding method (DSS), founded his scientifi c school of geological interpretation of deep geophysics data, conducted active scientific and publishing activities. It is concluded that the documents of A. V. Chekunov’s personal archival fund are an important and reliable source for the reconstruction of little-known pages of the scientist’s life and also of illustrating individual periods of development of both domestic and world science

Формування дорожньої карти сталого енергетичного розвитку країни

Об’єкт дослідження – система соціо-еколого-економічних відносин, які виникають при мінімізації розривів енергоефективності. Метою дослідження – формування методичного інструментарію організаційного, інформаційного та управлінського забезпечення мінімізації розривів енергоефективності країни на основі економіко-математичного моделювання причинно-наслідкових комунікативних зв’язків стейкхолдерів при прийнятті енергоефективних рішень. Методи дослідження – використано економіко-математичне моделювання при оцінюванні та прогнозуванні розривів енергоефективності у національній економіці. У результаті виконання роботи було узагальнено основні типи соціо-еколого-економічних конфліктів при реформуванні екологічної політики, що обумовлюють появу розривів енергоефективності у національній економіці. Розроблено методичний інструментарій оцінювання розривів енергоефективності у національній економіці, що базується на використанні стохастичного фронтирного аналізу та функції енерговідстані Шепарда, враховує випадковий характер ендогенних детермінант розривів енергоефективності, а також їх причинно-наслідковий зв’язок із рівнями глобалізації, відкритості національної економіки та урбанізації як екзогенними детермінантами. Сформовано інструментарій для прогнозування обсягу розривів енергоефективності у національній економіці, здійснено на засадах методології Бокса-Дженкінса з використанням авторегресійного інтегрованого моделювання ARIMA та дозволило визначити таргети державної стратегії переходу до вуглецево-нейтральної економіки. Розроблено організаційно-комунікаційну схему взаємодії та узгодження інтересів стейкхолдерів