302 research outputs found
Towards a practical approach for self-consistent large amplitude collective motion
We investigate the use of an operatorial basis in a self-consistent theory of
large amplitude collective motion. For the example of the
pairing-plus-quadrupole model, which has been studied previously at
equilibrium, we show that a small set of carefully chosen state-dependent basis
operators is sufficient to approximate the exact solution of the problem
accuratly. This approximation is used to study the interplay of quadrupole and
pairing degrees of freedom along the collective path for realistic examples of
nuclei. We show how this leads to a viable calculational scheme for studying
nuclear structure, and discuss the surprising role of pairing collapse.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures Revised version To be published in Phys. Rev.
A new type of carbon resistance thermometer with excellent thermal contact at millikelvin temperatures
Using a new brand of commercially available carbon resistor we built a
cryogenic thermometer with an extremely good thermal contact to its thermal
environment. Because of its superior thermal contact the thermometer is
insensitive to low levels of spurious radio frequency heating. We calibrated
our thermometer down to 5mK using a quartz tuning fork He-3 viscometer and
measured its thermal resistance and thermal response time.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Continuum quasiparticle random phase approximation and the time dependent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approach
Quadrupole excitations of neutron-rich nuclei are analyzed by using the
linear response method in the Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation (QRPA).
The QRPA response is derived starting from the time-dependent
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) equations. The residual interaction between the
quasiparticles is determined consistently from the two-body force used in the
HFB equations, and the continuum coupling is treated exactly.
Calculations are done for the neutron-rich oxygen isotopes. It is found that
pairing correlations affect the low-lying states, and that a full treatment of
the continuum can change the structure of the states in the giant resonance
region.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figures. Revised version with comments and references
adde
Gravitational-wave astronomy: the high-frequency window
This contribution is divided in two parts. The first part provides a
text-book level introduction to gravitational radiation. The key concepts
required for a discussion of gravitational-wave physics are introduced. In
particular, the quadrupole formula is applied to the anticipated
``bread-and-butter'' source for detectors like LIGO, GEO600, EGO and TAMA300:
inspiralling compact binaries. The second part provides a brief review of high
frequency gravitational waves. In the frequency range above (say) 100Hz,
gravitational collapse, rotational instabilities and oscillations of the
remnant compact objects are potentially important sources of gravitational
waves. Significant and unique information concerning the various stages of
collapse, the evolution of protoneutron stars and the details of the
supranuclear equation of state of such objects can be drawn from careful study
of the gravitational-wave signal. As the amount of exciting physics one may be
able to study via the detections of gravitational waves from these sources is
truly inspiring, there is strong motivation for the development of future
generations of ground based detectors sensitive in the range from hundreds of
Hz to several kHz.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures, Lectures presented at the 2nd Aegean Summer
School on the Early Universe, Syros, Greece, September 200
SUSY signals at HERA in the no-scale flipped SU(5) supergravity model
Sparticle production and detection at HERA are studied within the recently
proposed no-scale flipped supergravity model. Among the various
reaction channels that could lead to sparticle production at HERA, only the
following are within its limit of sensitivity in this model: , where are the
two lightest neutralinos and is the lightest chargino. We study the
elastic and deep-inelastic contributions to the cross sections using the
Weizs\"acker-Williams approximation. We find that the most promising
supersymmetric production channel is right-handed selectron ()
plus first neutralino (), with one hard electron and missing energy
signature. The channel leads to comparable rates but also
allows jet final states. A right-handedly polarized electron beam at HERA would
shut off the latter channel and allow preferentially the former one. With an
integrated luminosity of {\cal L}=100\ipb, HERA can extend the present LEPI
lower bounds on by
\approx25\GeV, while {\cal L}=1000\ipb will make HERA competitive with
LEPII. We also show that the Leading Proton Spectrometer (LPS) at HERA is an
excellent supersymmetry detector which can provide indirect information about
the sparticle masses by measuring the leading proton longitudinal momentum
distribution.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures (available upon request as uuencoded file or
separate ps files), tex (harvmac) CTP-TAMU-15/93, CERN/LAA/93-1
Neural cytoskeleton capabilities for learning and memory
This paper proposes a physical model involving the key structures within the neural cytoskeleton as major players in molecular-level processing of information required for learning and memory storage. In particular, actin filaments and microtubules are macromolecules having highly charged surfaces that enable them to conduct electric signals. The biophysical properties of these filaments relevant to the conduction of ionic current include a condensation of counterions on the filament surface and a nonlinear complex physical structure conducive to the generation of modulated waves. Cytoskeletal filaments are often directly connected with both ionotropic and metabotropic types of membrane-embedded receptors, thereby linking synaptic inputs to intracellular functions. Possible roles for cable-like, conductive filaments in neurons include intracellular information processing, regulating developmental plasticity, and mediating transport. The cytoskeletal proteins form a complex network capable of emergent information processing, and they stand to intervene between inputs to and outputs from neurons. In this manner, the cytoskeletal matrix is proposed to work with neuronal membrane and its intrinsic components (e.g., ion channels, scaffolding proteins, and adaptor proteins), especially at sites of synaptic contacts and spines. An information processing model based on cytoskeletal networks is proposed that may underlie certain types of learning and memory
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